my

See also: Appendix:Variations of "my"

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Myanmar, formerly Burma, where Burmese is spoken.

Symbol

my

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Burmese.

See also

  • Wiktionary’s coverage of Burmese terms

English

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • (stressed) enPR: IPA(key): /maɪ/
    • (Canada, Dialectal) IPA(key): /mʌɪ/, [məi̯]
    • Audio (US):(file)
  • (unstressed) IPA(key): /maɪ/, /mə/
    • (UK, Ottawa Valley) IPA(key): /mɪ/, /mi/
  • (Ireland, Liverpool, some speakers) IPA(key): /mi/
  • Homophones: muh, me (some dialects)
  • Rhymes: -aɪ

Etymology 1

From Middle English mi, my, apocopated form of min, myn, from Old English mīn (my, mine), from Proto-West Germanic *mīn, from Proto-Germanic *mīnaz (my, mine, pron.) (possessive of *ek (I)), from Proto-Indo-European *méynos (my; mine).

Cognate with West Frisian myn (my), Afrikaans my (my), Dutch mijn (my), German mein (my), Swedish min (my). More at me.

Determiner

my

  1. First-person singular possessive determiner. See Appendix:Possessive#English.
    1. Belonging to me.
      I can't find my book.
      • 2022 October 14, Justin Curto, “The 1975’s Matty Healy Prefers Writing Lyrics He’s Afraid Of”, in Vulture[2], archived from the original on 18 October 2022:
        Everyone always asks what my advice is, and my advice is don’t overintellectualize your art.
    2. Associated with me.
      My seat at the restaurant was uncomfortable.
      Don't you know my name?
      I recognised him because he had attended my school.
    3. Related to me.
      My parents won't let me go out tonight.
    4. In the possession of me.
      I have to take my books back to the library soon.
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Japanese: マイ (mai-)
Translations
See also
English personal pronouns

Dialectal and obsolete or archaic forms are in italics.

personal pronoun possessive
pronoun
possessive
determiner
subjective objective reflexive
first
person
singular I
me (colloquial)
me myself
me
mysen
mine my
mine (before vowels, archaic)
me
plural we us ourselves
ourself
oursen
ours
ourn (obsolete outside dialects)
our
second
person
singular standard
(historically
formal)
you you yourself
yoursen
yours
yourn (obsolete outside dialects)
your
archaic
(historically
informal)
thou thee thyself
theeself
thysen
thine thy
thine (before vowels)
plural standard you
ye (archaic)
you yourselves yours
yourn (obsolete outside dialects)
your
colloquial you all
y'all
you guys
yous
you all
y'all
you guys
yous
y'allselves all yours
y'all's
you guys'
your guys'
all your
y'all's
your all's (nonstandard)
you guys'
your guys'
informal /
dialectal
(see list of dialectal forms at you and inflected forms in those entries)
third
person
singular masculine he him himself
hisself (archaic)
hissen
his
hisn (obsolete outside dialects)
his
feminine she her herself
hersen
hers
hern (obsolete outside dialects)
her
neuter it
hit
it
hit
itself
hitself
its
his (archaic)
its
his (archaic)
hits
genderless1 they them themself, themselves theirs their
nonspecific
(formal)
one one oneself one's
plural they them
hem, 'em
themselves
theirsen
theirs
theirn (obsolete outside dialects)
their

1 See Appendix:English third-person singular pronouns for attested neopronouns.

Etymology 2

An abbreviation of an oath such as my word or my Lord

Interjection

my

  1. Used to express surprise, shock or amazement.
    My, what big teeth you have!
Derived terms
Translations

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /məi/

Etymology 1

From Dutch mij.

Pronoun

my (subject ek)

  1. me (object)
Alternative forms
  • mij (obsolete)
  • mijn (obsolete, rare)

See also

Afrikaans personal pronouns
subjective objective possessive
determiner
possessive
pronoun
singular 1st ek my myne
2nd jy jou joune
2nd, formal u u s’n
3rd masc hy hom sy syne
fem sy haar hare
neut dit sy syne
plural 1st ons ons s’n
2nd julle / jul1 julle s’n
3rd hulle / hul1 hulle s’n
1 The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function, but also otherwise, chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence.

Etymology 2

From Dutch mijn.

Determiner

my

  1. my; of me
Alternative forms

See also

Afrikaans personal pronouns
subjective objective possessive
determiner
possessive
pronoun
singular 1st ek my myne
2nd jy jou joune
2nd, formal u u s’n
3rd masc hy hom sy syne
fem sy haar hare
neut dit sy syne
plural 1st ons ons s’n
2nd julle / jul1 julle s’n
3rd hulle / hul1 hulle s’n
1 The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function, but also otherwise, chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence.

Cameroon Pidgin

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Determiner

my

  1. 1st person singular possessive determiner

See also

Cameroon Pidgin possessive determiners
singular plural
1st person my we
2nd person your wuna
3rd person yi dia

Chinese Pidgin English

Etymology

From English my.

Pronoun

my

  1. I (subject pronoun)
    Synonyms: I, me
    • 1836 January, “Jargon spoken at Canton: how it originated and has grown into use; mode in which the Chinese learn English; examples of the language in common use between foreigners and Chinese”, in The Chinese Repository, volume IV, number 9, page 433:
      My wanchee takee go away alla this cover, putee nother piece,’ replied I.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. me (object pronoun)
    Synonym: me
  3. my (possessive pronoun)

Cornish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *mi, from Proto-Celtic *mī. Cognate with Breton me, Irish , Manx mee, Scottish Gaelic mi, and Welsh mi.

Pronoun

my

  1. I, me
    My a welas.
    I saw.

See also

Cornish personal pronouns
number person independent
(subject)
suffixed infixed possessive
(dependent)
enclitic emphatic reduced
singular first my vy evy ma, a 'm owA
second ty jy, sy1 tejy ta, a 'thM dhaS
third2 m ev ev eev va, a 'n yS
f hi hi hyhi 's hyA
plural first ni ni nyni 'gan, 'n agan, 'gan
second3 hwi hwi hwyhwi 'gas, 's agas, 'gas
third i i ynsi 's agaA, 'gaA

1 Uncommon.
2 hun and ins have been suggested as non-binary 3rd person singular pronouns, though these have not yet officially adopted.
3 Infrequently used as a formal alternative to the singular.

S Triggers soft mutation A Triggers aspirate mutation M Triggers mixed mutation

Mutation

Mutation of my
radical soft aspirate hard mixed
my vy unchanged unchanged fy,
vy*

* after 'th
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech my, from Proto-Slavic *my, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈmɪ]
  • Audio:(file)

Pronoun

my

  1. we

Declension

Czech personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person my
2nd person familiar ty vy
polite vy
3rd person m on oni1
f ona ony
n ono ona
reflexive sebe, se (clitic)

1 animate referents only, for inanimate ones ony is used.

Further reading

Danish

Noun

my n (singular definite myet, plural indefinite myer)

  1. The Greek letter μ (mu)

Declension

Declension of my
neuter
gender
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative my myet myer myerne
genitive mys myets myers myernes

Noun

my c

  1. micron
  2. (informal) a very small margin, distance or amount

Synonyms

References

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mɛi̯/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛi̯
  • Homophone: mei

Pronoun

my

  1. obsolete spelling of mij

Usage notes

Egyptian

Etymology

From mj (like) +‎ -j (adverbializing suffix).

Pronunciation

Adverb

  1. likewise
  2. accordingly

References

  • James P[eter] Allen (2010), Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 86.

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *my, from Proto-Indo-European *nos.

Pronoun

my pl

  1. we

Declension

Manx

Etymology 1

From Old Irish , from Proto-Celtic *mā, *ma (compare Cornish and Breton mar), see there for more.

Pronunciation

Conjunction

my

  1. if
Usage notes

Counterfactual conditional questions take dy.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Irish mo (my)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mə/

Determiner

my (triggers lenition)

  1. my

References

  1. ^ Christopher Lewin (forthcoming), Sheean as Screeu, St John's: Culture Vannin, page 148

Middle English

Determiner

my (subjective pronoun I)

  1. alternative form of mi

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *my.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈmɨ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈmi/

Pronoun

my

  1. we (first person plural)

Declension

Old Czech personal pronouns
Singular 1st person 2nd person 3rd person Reflexive
m f n
Nominative já(z) ty on ona ono
Genitive mne, tebe, j(e)ho, ň(e)ho jie, nie j(e)ho, ň(e)ho sebe,
Dative mně, mi tobě, ti j(e)mu, ňemu , , jiej, niej j(e)mu, ňemu sobě, si
Accusative , mne , tebe jej, jen, ji, j(e)ho,
, ňej, ňen, ni, ň(e)ho
ju, ňu je, ňe , sebe
Locative mně tobě ňem , niej ňem sobě
Instrumental mnú tobú, tebú jím, ním , ňú jím, ním sobú, sebú
Possessive mój tvój jeho (je)jie jeho svój
Dual 1st person 2nd person 3rd person Reflexive
m f n
Nominative , va (ma) vy ona oně
Genitive najú vajú , ňú sebe,
Dative náma váma jima, nima sobě, si
Accusative ny, najú vy, vajú , ji, ni , sebe
Locative najú vajú ňú sobě
Instrumental náma váma jima, nima sobú, sebú
Possessive náš, najú váš, vajú (je)jú svój
Plural 1st person 2nd person 3rd person Reflexive
m f n
Nominative my vy oni ony ona
Genitive nás vás jich, nich sebe,
Dative nám, nem vám, vem jim, nim sobě, si
Accusative ny, nás vy, vás , , sebe
Locative nás vás nich sobě
Instrumental námi vámi jimi, nimi sobú, sebú
Possessive náš váš (je)jich svój

Descendants

References

Old Polish

Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *my. First attested in the 14th century.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /mi/
    • IPA(key): (15th CE) /mi/

    Pronoun

    my

    1. we; first person plural
    2. we; I royal first person plural

    Declension

    Descendants

    • Polish: my
    • Silesian: my

    References

    • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “my, ny (?)”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

    Polish

    Pronunciation

     
    • IPA(key): /ˈmɘ/
    • Audio 1:(file)
    • Audio 2:(file)
    • Rhymes:
    • Syllabification: my

    Etymology 1

      Inherited from Old Polish my.

      Pronoun

      my

      1. we; first person plural
      2. we; I royal first person plural
      3. we; I editorial first person plural
      Declension

      See also

      • Appendix:Polish pronouns

      Etymology 2

        Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek μῦ ().

        Alternative forms

        Noun

        my n (indeclinable)

        1. mu (Greek letter Μ, μ)

        Trivia

        According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), my is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 88 times in scientific texts, 30 times in news, 138 times in essays, 200 times in fiction, and 419 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 875 times, making it the 49th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

        References

        1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “my”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 259

        Further reading

        Portuguese

        Pronoun

        my

        1. obsolete form of mim

        Scots

        Alternative forms

        Etymology

        Inherited from Middle English mi, my, apocopated form of min, myn, from Old English mīn (my, mine), from Proto-West Germanic *mīn, from Proto-Germanic *mīnaz (my, mine, pron.) (possessive of *ek (I)), from Proto-Indo-European *méynos (my; mine).

        Determiner

        my

        1. my
          Synonym: mine

        See also

        Scots personal pronouns
        personal pronoun possessive
        pronoun
        possessive
        determiner
        subjective objective reflexive
        first person singular A, I, Ik me mysel mine, mines mine, my
        plural we us, we oorsel, oorsels oors our
        second person singular standard (formal) ye
        you, yow
        ye
        you, yow
        yersel
        yoursel
        yers
        yours
        yer
        your
        Insular (informal) thoo thee thysel, theesel thines thy, thee, thees
        plural ye, yese
        you, youse
        ye, yese
        you, youse
        theer
        yesels
        yoursels
        yers
        yours
        yer
        your
        third person singular masculine he, e him, im himsel, hissel his, is his, is
        feminine scho, she, shu her, er hersel hers her, er
        neuter it
        hit
        it
        hit
        itsel
        hitsel
        its
        hits
        its
        hits
        genderless, nonspecific
        (formal)
        ane ane ane's
        plural thay thaim thaimsel, thaimsels thairs thair

        References

        Silesian

        Etymology

          Inherited from Old Polish my.

          Pronunciation

          • IPA(key): /ˈmɪ/
          • Audio:(file)
          • Rhymes:
          • Syllabification: my

          Pronoun

          my

          1. first-person plural pronoun; we
            Coordinate term: (singular)

          Declension

          Declension of my
          plural
          nominative my
          genitive nŏs, nas
          dative nōm, nam
          accusative nŏs, nas
          instrumental nami
          locative nŏs, nas

          Further reading

          • my in silling.org

          Slovak

          Etymology

          Inherited from Proto-Slavic *my, from Proto-Indo-European *nos.

          Pronunciation

          • IPA(key): /mi/, [ˈmi]
          • Rhymes: -i
          • Audio (Bratislava):(file)

          Pronoun

          my

          1. we

          Declension

          Declension of my
          plurale tantum
          nominative my
          genitive nás
          dative nám
          accusative nás
          locative nás
          instrumental nami
          Slovak personal pronouns
          substantive possessive
          singular plural singular plural
          1st person ja my môj náš
          2nd person familiar ty vy tvoj váš
          polite vy váš
          3rd person m on oni* / ony jeho ich
          f ona jej
          n ono jeho
          reflexive seba, sa (clitic) svoj

          * masculine animate only, ony otherwise

          Further reading

          • my”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026

          Swedish

          Noun

          my n

          1. The Greek letter μ (mu)

          Upper Sorbian

          Etymology

          From Proto-Slavic *my, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy.

          Pronoun

          my

          1. we

          Declension

          Upper Sorbian personal pronouns
          First person pronouns
          singular dual plural
          nominative ja mój my
          genitive mje
          (after preposition) mnje
          naju nas
          dative mi
          (after preposition) mni
          namaj nam
          accusative mje
          (after preposition) mnje
          naju nas
          instrumental mnu namaj nami
          locative mni nas
          Second person pronouns
          singular dual plural
          nominative ty wój wy
          genitive će
          (after preposition) tebje
          waju was
          dative ći
          (after preposition) tebi
          wamaj wam
          accusative će
          (after preposition) tebje
          waju was
          instrumental tobu wamaj wami
          locative tebi was
          Third person pronouns
          masculine singular feminine singular neuter singular dual virile dual nonvirile plural virile plural nonvirile
          nominative wón wona wono wonaj wonej woni wone
          genitive jeho
          (after preposition) njeho
          jeje
          (after preposition) njeje
          jeho
          (after preposition) njeho
          jeju jich
          (after preposition) nich
          dative jemu
          (after preposition) njemu
          jej
          (after preposition) njej
          jemu
          (after preposition) njemu
          jimaj
          (after preposition) nimaj
          jim
          (after preposition) nim
          accusative jón
          (after preposition) njón
          (animate) jeho
          (animate after preposition) njeho
          ju
          (after preposition) nju
          jo, je
          (after preposition) njo, nje
          jeju
          (after preposition) njeju
          jej
          (after preposition) njej
          jich
          (after preposition) nich
          je
          (after preposition) nje
          instrumental nim njej nim nimaj nimi
          locative nich

          Further reading

          • my” in Soblex

          West Frisian

          Etymology

          From Old Frisian , from Proto-Germanic *miz.

          Pronunciation

          • (Clay) IPA(key): /mɛi̯/
          • (Wood) IPA(key): /mi/

          Pronoun

          my

          1. object of ik