Translingual
Han character
立 (Kangxi radical 117, 立+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿 (YT), four-corner 00108, composition ⿱亠䒑)
- Kangxi radical #117, ⽴.
Derived characters
- Appendix:Chinese radical/立
- 位, 㕸, 垃, 拉, 泣, 柆, 㱞, 䏠, 砬, 粒, 翋, 趇, 䠴, 𨋢(䢂), 鉝(𫟷), 䬃, 𩶘(䲞), 䶘
- 攱, 翊, 靖, 颯(飒), 鴗, 辛, 咅, 妾, 音, 亲, 豙, 章, 岦, 苙, 昱, 笠, 翌, 雴, 㕇, 㞐, 㡴, 閚, 霠
Additional Derived Characters
- 𰃹, 𠙅, 𡛩, 𡶧, 𢓔, 𢘮, 𮤽, 𩧧, 𬨢, 𭤳, 𭥩, 𣭉, 𤇥, 𬌁, 𤖹, 𤤔, 𥘸, 𥅈, 𧙀, 𭺴, 𫃡, 𧉼, 𧦰, 𨀎, 𬛦, 𩊌, 𮮖, 𬩢
- 𨚪, 𣢦, 𣥢, 𦚎, 𩚷, 𭕉, 𨐌, 𦚏, 𢡃, 𠖃, 𫲿, 𤱗, 𦊢, 𬰚, 𩬦, 𣱠, 𢨶, 𣽾
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 870, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25721
- Dae Jaweon: page 1299, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2706, character 1
- Unihan data for U+7ACB
Chinese
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (
立)
(Zhengzhang, 2003)
|
|
Old Chinese
|
| 涖
|
*rɯːbs, *rɯbs
|
| 莅
|
*rɯbs, *rɯbs
|
| 蒞
|
*rɯbs
|
| 位
|
*ɢʷrɯbs
|
| 拉
|
*ruːb
|
| 菈
|
*ruːb
|
| 颯
|
*sluːb
|
| 立
|
*rɯb
|
| 粒
|
*rɯb
|
| 笠
|
*ɡ·rɯb
|
| 砬
|
*rɯb
|
| 岦
|
*rɯb
|
| 苙
|
*ɡ·rɯb, *ɡrɯb
|
| 鴗
|
*rɯb
|
| 雴
|
*r̥ʰɯb
|
| 泣
|
*kʰrɯb
|
Pictogram (象形) – a person standing on the ground; compare 大 and 文. This characters is also a contracted form of 辛 on top of 妾 and 童. Unrelated to 音.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kV-r(j)əp (“to stand”). Cognate with 位 (OC *ɢʷrɯbs).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin): lì (li4)
- (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ni2
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): lǐ
- (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): li̊q
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ли (li, I)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lap6 / laap6
- (Dongguan, Jyutping++): ngok8
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): lip5
- Gan (Wiktionary): lit6
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): li̍p
- (Hailu, HRS): libˋ
- (Meixian, Guangdong): lib6
- (Changting, Changting Pinyin): li5
- Jin (Wiktionary): lieh4
- Northern Min (KCR): lì
- Eastern Min (BUC): lĭk
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lih7
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): li̍p / lia̍p
- (Teochew, Peng'im): lib8
- (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): lib8
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): lap5
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): li6
Note:
- li̍p - literary;
- lia̍p - vernacular (only in 立捷).
- Southern Pinghua
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
- Wugniu: 8liq
- MiniDict: lih入
- MiniDict: lieh入
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 5liq
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /liɪʔ¹²/
- Sinological IPA (Jiading): /liɪʔ¹²/
- Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /liɪʔ²²/
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɦliəʔ²/
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /liɪʔ²³/
- Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /liɪʔ²³/
- Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /liɪʔ²²/
- Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /liəʔ²³/
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /lieʔ²³/
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /liɪʔ¹²/
- Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /liəʔ¹²/
- (Jinhua)
- Wugniu: 8liq
- Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /liəʔ²¹²/
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: li6
- Sinological IPA (key): /li²⁴/
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
立
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
|
lì
|
Middle Chinese
|
‹ lip ›
|
Old Chinese
|
/*k.rəp/
|
| English
|
stand (v.)
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
立
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
7869
|
Phonetic component
|
立
|
Rime group
|
緝
|
Rime subdivision
|
1
|
Corresponding MC rime
|
立
|
Old Chinese
|
/*rɯb/
|
Definitions
立
- to stand
尋勿到座位末就要立垃海了。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
寻勿到座位末就要立垃海了。 [Shanghainese, simp.]- 6zhin-veq-tau 6zu-we-meq 6zhieu 5iau 8liq-laq-he-leq [Wugniu]
- If you can't find a seat, then you will have to stand.
- to erect
- to set up; to establish
- to institute; to lay down; to draw up; to compose (legal document)
- to exist; to live
- standing
- to place on the throne; to take the throne
- upright; vertical
- immediately; at once
- 立刻 ― lìkè ― immediately
- 不買立省100%/不买立省100% ― bù mǎi lì shěng 100% ― buy nothing and save 100% immediately
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
站 (“to stand”)
[map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Classical Chinese
|
立
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
站立
|
| Northeastern Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
站
|
| Taiwan
|
站
|
| Harbin
|
站, 杵
|
| Malaysia
|
站
|
| Singapore
|
站
|
| Jilu Mandarin
|
Tianjin
|
站
|
| Jinan
|
站
|
| Jiaoliao Mandarin
|
Yantai (Muping)
|
立
|
| Central Plains Mandarin
|
Wanrong
|
立
|
| Xi'an
|
站, 立
|
| Xining
|
站
|
| Yanqi
|
站
|
| Xuzhou
|
站
|
| Lanyin Mandarin
|
Yinchuan
|
站
|
| Lanzhou
|
站
|
| Ürümqi
|
站, 立
|
| Southwestern Mandarin
|
Chengdu
|
站, 立
|
| Wuhan
|
站
|
| Guilin
|
站
|
| Liuzhou
|
站
|
| Jianghuai Mandarin
|
Nanjing
|
站
|
| Yangzhou
|
站
|
| Hefei
|
站
|
| Mandarin
|
Nanping (Yanping)
|
立
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
徛
|
| Hong Kong
|
徛
|
| Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)
|
徛
|
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)
|
徛
|
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
|
徛
|
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
|
徛
|
| Macau
|
徛
|
| Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
徛
|
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
徛
|
| Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
徛
|
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
徛
|
| Foshan
|
徛
|
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
徛
|
| Foshan (Shunde)
|
徛
|
| Foshan (Sanshui)
|
徛
|
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
|
徛
|
| Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
徛
|
| Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
|
徛
|
| Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
|
徛
|
| Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
徛
|
| Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
徛
|
| Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
徛
|
| Taishan
|
徛
|
| Kaiping (Chikan)
|
徛
|
| Enping (Niujiang)
|
徛
|
| Heshan (Yayao)
|
徛
|
| Dongguan
|
徛
|
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
徛
|
| Qingyuan
|
徛
|
| Fogang
|
徛
|
| Yingde (Hanguang)
|
徛
|
| Yangshan
|
徛
|
| Lianshan (Butian)
|
徛
|
| Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)
|
徛
|
| Shaoguan
|
徛
|
| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
徛
|
| Renhua
|
徛
|
| Lechang
|
徛
|
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)
|
徛
|
| Sihui
|
徛
|
| Guangning
|
徛
|
| Deqing
|
徛
|
| Huaiji
|
徛
|
| Fengkai (Nanfeng)
|
徛
|
| Yunfu
|
徛
|
| Xinxing
|
徛
|
| Luoding
|
徛
|
| Yangjiang
|
徛
|
| Xinyi
|
徛
|
| Maoming (Xinpo)
|
徛
|
| Lianjiang
|
徛
|
| Wuchuan (Wuyang)
|
徛
|
| Nanning
|
徛
|
| Yulin
|
徛
|
| Beihai
|
徛
|
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
|
徛
|
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
|
徛
|
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)
|
徛
|
| Danzhou
|
徛
|
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
徛
|
| Penang (Guangfu)
|
徛
|
| Singapore (Guangfu)
|
徛
|
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
|
徛
|
| Móng Cái
|
徛
|
| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
徛, 站
|
| Lichuan
|
徛
|
| Pingxiang
|
徛, 站
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
徛
|
| Xingning
|
徛
|
| Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)
|
徛
|
| Huidong (Daling)
|
徛
|
| Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
徛
|
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
徛
|
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
徛
|
| Wuhua (Huacheng)
|
徛
|
| Heyuan (Bendihua)
|
徛
|
| Zijin
|
徛
|
| Wengyuan
|
徛
|
| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
徛
|
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
|
徛
|
| Liannan
|
徛
|
| Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
|
徛
|
| Jiexi
|
徛
|
| Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)
|
徛
|
| Changting
|
徛
|
| Wuping
|
徛
|
| Wuping (Yanqian)
|
徛
|
| Wuping (Pingyu)
|
徛
|
| Liancheng
|
徛
|
| Ninghua
|
徛
|
| Yudu
|
徛
|
| Ruijin
|
徛
|
| Shicheng
|
徛
|
| Shangyou (Shexi)
|
徛
|
| Tonggu (Sandu)
|
徛
|
| Ganzhou (Panlong)
|
徛
|
| Dayu
|
徛
|
| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
徛
|
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
徛
|
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
徛
|
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
徛
|
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
徛
|
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
徛
|
| Hong Kong
|
徛
|
| Yangxi (Tangkou)
|
徛
|
| Yangchun (Sanjia)
|
徛
|
| Xinyi (Sihe)
|
徛
|
| Xinyi (Qianpai)
|
徛
|
| Gaozhou (Xindong)
|
徛
|
| Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)
|
徛
|
| Huazhou (Xin'an)
|
徛
|
| Lianjiang (Shijiao)
|
徛
|
| Lianjiang (Qingping)
|
徛
|
| Mengshan (Xihe)
|
徛
|
| Luchuan
|
徛
|
| Senai (Huiyang)
|
徛
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
站
|
| Xinzhou
|
站
|
| Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
徛
|
| Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
徛
|
| Fuzhou (Changle)
|
徛
|
| Fuqing
|
徛
|
| Yongtai
|
徛
|
| Gutian
|
徛
|
| Fu'an
|
徛
|
| Ningde
|
徛
|
| Shouning
|
徛
|
| Zhouning
|
徛
|
| Fuding
|
徛
|
| Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
徛
|
| Quanzhou
|
徛
|
| Yongchun
|
徛
|
| Dehua
|
徛
|
| Zhangzhou
|
徛
|
| Taipei
|
徛
|
| New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
徛
|
| Kaohsiung
|
徛
|
| Yilan
|
徛
|
| Changhua (Lukang)
|
徛
|
| Taichung
|
徛
|
| Tainan
|
徛
|
| Hsinchu
|
徛
|
| Kinmen
|
徛
|
| Penghu (Magong)
|
徛
|
| Penang (Hokkien)
|
徛
|
| Singapore (Hokkien)
|
徛
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
徛
|
| Guilin (Biyange)
|
站
|
| Chaozhou
|
徛
|
| Shantou
|
徛
|
| Shantou (Chenghai)
|
徛
|
| Jieyang
|
徛
|
| Haifeng
|
徛
|
| Bangkok (Teochew)
|
徛
|
| Phnom Penh (Teochew)
|
徛
|
| Johor Bahru (Teochew)
|
徛
|
| Singapore (Teochew)
|
徛
|
| Pontianak (Teochew)
|
徛
|
| Leizhou
|
徛
|
| Wenchang
|
徛
|
| Haikou
|
徛
|
| Singapore (Hainanese)
|
徛
|
| Puxian Min
|
Putian
|
徛
|
| Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)
|
徛
|
| Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)
|
徛
|
| Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)
|
徛
|
| Xianyou
|
徛
|
| Xianyou (Fengting)
|
徛
|
| Xianyou (Youyang)
|
徛
|
| Zhongshan Min
|
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
|
徛
|
| Zhongshan (Sanxiang)
|
徛
|
| Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
徛
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
立
|
| Shanghai (Songjiang)
|
立
|
| Shanghai (Jiading)
|
立
|
| Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan)
|
立
|
| Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan)
|
立
|
| Shanghai (Chongming)
|
徛
|
| Suzhou
|
立
|
| Suzhou (Wujiang)
|
立
|
| Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang)
|
立
|
| Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang)
|
立
|
| Wuxi
|
立
|
| Changshu
|
立
|
| Kunshan
|
立
|
| Taicang
|
立
|
| Jiaxing
|
立
|
| Jiashan
|
立
|
| Pinghu
|
立
|
| Haining (Yanguan)
|
立
|
| Haining (Xiashi)
|
立
|
| Tongxiang
|
立
|
| Haiyan
|
立
|
| Changzhou
|
徛
|
| Liyang
|
徛
|
| Changzhou (Jintan)
|
徛
|
| Yixing
|
徛
|
| Danyang
|
站, 立
|
| Huzhou
|
立
|
| Changxing
|
徛
|
| Anji
|
徛
|
| Deqing
|
立
|
| Hangzhou
|
立
|
| Hangzhou (Yuhang)
|
徛
|
| Hangzhou (Lin'an)
|
徛
|
| Hangzhou (Fuyang)
|
徛
|
| Hangzhou (Xiaoshan)
|
徛
|
| Tonglu
|
徛
|
| Tonglu (Wusheng)
|
徛
|
| Shaoxing
|
徛, 立
|
| Zhuji
|
徛
|
| Shengzhou
|
徛
|
| Xinchang
|
徛
|
| Ningbo
|
立
|
| Ningbo (Zhenhai)
|
隑
|
| Ningbo (Fenghua)
|
立
|
| Yuyao
|
隑
|
| Cixi
|
隑
|
| Xiangshan
|
徛
|
| Ninghai
|
徛
|
| Zhoushan
|
立
|
| Taizhou (Huangyan)
|
徛
|
| Tiantai
|
徛
|
| Xianju
|
徛
|
| Linhai
|
徛
|
| Wenling
|
徛
|
| Wenzhou
|
徛
|
| Yueqing
|
徛
|
| Yongjia (Fenglin)
|
徛
|
| Rui'an
|
徛
|
| Wencheng
|
徛
|
| Lishui
|
徛
|
| Qingtian
|
徛
|
| Jinyun
|
徛
|
| Wuyi (Liucheng)
|
徛
|
| Yunhe
|
徛
|
| Jingning
|
徛
|
| Longquan
|
徛
|
| Quzhou
|
徛
|
| Suichang
|
徛
|
| Jiangshan
|
徛
|
| Changshan
|
徛
|
| Kaihua
|
徛
|
| Longyou
|
徛
|
| Jinhua
|
徛
|
| Jinhua (Tangxi)
|
徛
|
| Yiwu
|
徛
|
| Yongkang
|
徛
|
| Pujiang
|
徛
|
| Dongyang
|
徛
|
| Pan'an
|
徛
|
| Wuyi
|
徛
|
| Lanxi
|
徛
|
| Shangrao
|
徛
|
| Shangrao (Guangfeng)
|
徛
|
| Yushan
|
徛
|
| Pucheng
|
徛
|
| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
站, 徛
|
| Loudi
|
徛
|
| Shuangfeng
|
徛
|
| Note
|
徛 - often written as 企 in Cantonese.
|
Compounds
Descendants
Etymology 2
From English litre.
Pronunciation
Definitions
立
- (Hokkien) litre
References
- 周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “立”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, page 355.
Japanese
Kanji
立
(First grade kyōiku kanji)
- to stand up
- to rise
- erect
- to set up
Readings
- Go-on: りゅう (ryū, Jōyō †)←りふ (rifu, historical)
- Kan-on: りゅう (ryū, Jōyō †)←りふ (rifu, historical)
- Kan’yō-on: りつ (ritsu, Jōyō)
- Kun: たつ (tatsu, 立つ, Jōyō)、たてる (tateru, 立てる, Jōyō)、リットル (rittoru, 立)
Compounds
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term
|
| 立
|
りつ Grade: 1
|
| kan'yōon
|
Middle Chinese 立 (lip)
Pronunciation
Affix
立 • (ritsu)
- stand
Derived terms
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term
|
| 立
|
りっとる Grade: 1 (ateji)
|
| irregular
|
| For pronunciation and definitions of 立 – see the following entry.
|
|
|
| (This term, 立, is an alternative spelling (obsolete) of the above term.)
|
References
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 立 (MC lip). Recorded as Middle Korean 립〮 (líp) (Yale: líp) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Pronunciation
Hanja
立 (eumhun 설 립 (seol rip), word-initial (South Korea) 설 입 (seol ip))
- hanja form? of 립/입 (“to stand; to make erect; to establish”)
Compounds
- 건립 (建立, geollip)
- 고립 (孤立, gorip)
- 국립 (國立, gungnip)
- 대립 (對立, daerip)
- 독립 (獨立, dongnip)
- 사립 (私立, sarip)
- 설립 (設立, seollip)
- 성립 (成立, seongnip)
- 수립 (樹立, surip)
- 연립 (聯立, yeollip)
- 입방/립방 (立方, ipbang/ripbang)
- 입법/립법 (立法, ipbeop/ripbeop)
- 입장/립장 (立場, ipjang/ripjang)
- 입증/립증 (立證, ipjeung/ripjeung)
- 입춘/립춘 (立春, ipchun/ripchun)
- 입헌/립헌 (立憲, ipheon/ripheon)
- 자립 (自立, jarip)
- 정립 (定立, jeongnip)
- 조립 (組立, jorip)
- 중립 (中立, jungnip)
- 폐가입진 (廢假立眞, pyegaipjin)
- 확립 (確立, hwangnip)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
Han character
立: Hán Việt readings: lập[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
立: Nôm readings: lập[1][2][3][5][6][7], sập[3][4][5][6][7], rập[1][2][7], lụp[1][3][4], rắp[1][2], rợp[1][2], sấp[1][2], lớp[1][3], dập[1], lắp[1], lấp[1], lợp[1], rấp[1], sắp[1], xập[1], sầm[3], sụp[3], lặp[7]
- chữ Hán form of lập (“to set up; to establish”)
- chữ Hán form of Lập (“a male given name”)
- 陳立 ― Trần Lập
- chữ Nôm form of lắp (“to repeat; to iterate”)
- chữ Nôm form of lấp (“to fill up; to stop (up)”)
- chữ Nôm form of lập (“used in lập loè (“glittering”)”)
- chữ Nôm form of lớp (“layer”)
- chữ Nôm form of lợp (“to roof (to cover or furnish with a roof)”)
- chữ Nôm form of lụp (“used in lụp xụp (“(of a place) run-down, decrepit”)”)
- chữ Nôm form of rắp (“(dated, chiefly in compounds) to be about to”)
- chữ Nôm form of rấp (“to block up with thorny branches”)
- chữ Nôm form of rợp (“to overshadow”)
- chữ Nôm form of sắp (“to arrange; (future marker) about to”)
- chữ Nôm form of sấp (“face-down”)
Compounds
References