至

至 U+81F3, 至
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81F3
← 臲
[U+81F2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 致 →
[U+81F4]

⾄ U+2F84, ⾄
KANGXI RADICAL ARRIVE
← ⾃
[U+2F83] 		Kangxi Radicals ⾅ →
[U+2F85]

㉃ U+3243, ㉃
PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH REACH
← ㉂
[U+3242] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㉄ →
[U+3244]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

至 (Kangxi radical 133, 至+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 一戈土 (MIG), four-corner 10104, composition ⿱𠫔土)

Derived characters

Additional Derived Characters
  • 𤞂, 𨒬, 𣨂, 𤈜, 𤥇, 𥎹, 𥒓, 𬚘, 𡖧, 𫎮, 𬺁, 𩊞, 𪨛, 𩳀, 𩶪, 𪀒, 𪏀, 𪖣, 𪗻
  • 𫠮, 𣢶, 𧠫, 𧵼, 𨾽, 𩒐, 𢎆, 𢩈, 𨴗(𨸅), 𭅙, 𡇓

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1001, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30142
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1457, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2814, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+81F3

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 至

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 至
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (至) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
致 *tiɡs
輊 *tiɡs
駤 *tiɡs
跮 *tʰiɡs, *tʰiɡ
荎 *di, *diːɡ
緻 *diɡs
至 *tjiɡs
鵄 *tʰji
胵 *tʰji
痓 *tʰjiɡs
咥 *hriɡs, *tiːɡ, *diːɡ, *tʰiɡ
窒 *tiːɡ, *tiɡ
蛭 *tiːɡ, *tiɡ, *tjiɡ
垤 *diːɡ
耋 *diːɡ
姪 *diːɡ, *diɡ
絰 *diːɡ
恎 *diːɡ
挃 *tiɡ
庢 *tiɡ
銍 *tiɡ, *tjiɡ
秷 *tiɡ
螲 *tiɡ
侄 *diɡ, *tjiɡ
桎 *tjiɡ
郅 *tjiɡ
晊 *tjiɡ
室 *hliɡ

Ideogram (指事): an arrow stuck into the ground. Some folk etymologies interpret the whole pictogram as an eagle catching a prey.

Compare 畀 and 矢. See also the bottom component of 睪, the original versions of 弗 and the top component of 𢦏.

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 至
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 脂 (15)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 脂利切
Baxter tsyijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕiɪH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕjɪH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ciH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zi3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 至
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyijH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ti[t]-s/
English arrive

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 至
Reading # 1/1
No. 17342
Phonetic
component 		至
Rime
group 		至
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		至
Old
Chinese 		/*tjiɡs/

Definitions

至

  1. to reach; to arrive
  2. extreme; most
  3. (literary, or in compounds) extreme point; limit
  4. from … to …
    1. from … to … (a time)
      三至五月  ―  sān zhì wǔyuè  ―  from March to May
    2. from … to … (a place)
  5. (Cantonese) only then
Synonyms
  • (to arrive):
  • (most):
Dialectal synonyms of 最 (“most”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 最, 至
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 最
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 最, 頂
Taiwan 最
Malaysia 最
Singapore 最
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 最, 頂
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 最
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 最, 第一
Wuhan 頂
Guilin 最
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 頂, 最
Hefei 頂, 最
Cantonese Guangzhou 最, 至
Hong Kong 最, 至
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 最
Taishan 最, 至
Yangjiang 至
Hepu (Lianzhou) 最
Hepu (Shatian) 最
Beihai 最
Beihai (Nankang) 最
Beihai (Yingpan) 最
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 最
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 最
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 最
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 最
Singapore (Guangfu) 最
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 最
Móng Cái 最
Gan Nanchang 頂
Hakka Meixian 最, 第一
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 盡, 最
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 最, 盡
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 最
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 盡, 最
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 最
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 頭
Hong Kong 最
Jin Taiyuan 頂
Northern Min Jian'ou 頂, 最, 第一
Eastern Min Fuzhou 第一, 最
Matsu 第一
Southern Min Xiamen 第一, 第, 一, 上
Quanzhou 第一, 第, 上
Jinjiang 上
Zhangzhou 第一, 上
Zhao'an 上
Dongshan 上
Taipei 上
Kaohsiung 上
Yilan 上
Changhua (Lukang) 上
Taichung 上
Tainan 上
Hsinchu 上
Kinmen 上
Penang (Hokkien) 第一
Singapore (Hokkien) 上
Manila (Hokkien) 第, 上, 最第
Chaozhou 上頂, 上
Shantou 上, 最
Shantou (Chaoyang) 一
Jieyang 上, 上頂
Singapore (Teochew) 上
Pontianak (Teochew) 上
Wenchang 最
Qionghai 最
Wu Shanghai 最, 最最, 頂
Suzhou 頂, 最
Ningbo 頂, 頂頂
Wenzhou 頂, 最
Xiang Changsha 頂, 最
Shuangfeng 頂, 最
  • (only then):
Dialectal synonyms of 才 (“only after; only then; not ... until”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 才2, 再, 方, 始, 方才
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 才2
Singapore 才2
Cantonese Guangzhou 先, 至, 先至
Hong Kong 先, 至, 先至, 再
Hakka Meixian 正
Southern Min Xiamen 才3
Quanzhou 才3
Zhangzhou 才3, 甲
Singapore (Hokkien) 才3
Manila (Hokkien) 才3
Shantou 正
Singapore (Teochew) 正
Wu Shanghai 再, 才2
Suzhou 再
Xiang Changsha 才至

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

至

  1. only used in 單至／单至

References

Japanese

Kanji

至

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. climax
  2. to reach, to arrive
  3. to proceed
  4. to attain
  5. to result in

Readings

  • Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
  • Kun: いたり (itari, 至り)、いたる (itaru, 至る, Jōyō)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
至
し
Grade: 6
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 至 (MC tsyijH).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɕi]

Prefix

至(し) • (shi-) 

  1. to

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
至
いた(る)
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

From the verb 至(いた)る (itaru, “to lead to, to reach”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ita̠ɾɯ̟]

Proper noun

至(いたる) • (Itaru) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

至 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

至: Hán Nôm readings: chí

  1. chữ Hán form of chí (“extremely, utmost”)

Compounds

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