自立

Chinese

		from; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since	set up; to stand
simp. and trad. (自立)		自	立

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zìlì

(Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄌㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶ lap⁶ / zi⁶ laap⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ-li̍p
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chīr-li̍p / chū-li̍p

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zìlì
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄌㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zìhlì
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-li⁴
  - Yale: dz̀-lì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhlih
  - Palladius: цзыли (czyli)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    自力
    自立
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi⁶ lap⁶ / zi⁶ laap⁶
  - Yale: jih lahp / jih laahp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶ lap⁹ / dzi⁶ laap⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶ leb⁶ / ji⁶ lab⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²² lɐp̚²/, /t͡siː²² laːp̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ-li̍p
  - Hakka Romanization System: cii lib
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ci⁴ lib⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ lip̚⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīr-li̍p
  - Tâi-lô: tsīr-li̍p
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² lip̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-li̍p
  - Tâi-lô: tsū-li̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuxlip
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ lip̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ lip̚¹²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ lip̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ lip̚⁴/

Verb

自立

to stand on one's own; to support oneself; to earn one's own living; to be independent

Synonyms

獨立／独立 (dúlì)

Derived terms

自立自強 / 自立自强 (zìlìzìqiáng)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
自	立
じ Grade: 2	りつ Grade: 1
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じりつ [jìrítsú] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑiɾʲit͡sɨ]

Noun

自(じ)立(りつ) • (jiritsu)

independence, autonomy, self-reliance

Verb

自(じ)立(りつ)する • (jiritsu suru) suru (stem 自(じ)立(りつ)し (jiritsu shi), past 自(じ)立(りつ)した (jiritsu shita))

to live independently, to stand on one's own two feet

Conjugation

Conjugation of "自立する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	自立し	じりつし	jiritsu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	自立し	じりつし	jiritsu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	自立する	じりつする	jiritsu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	自立する	じりつする	jiritsu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	自立すれ	じりつすれ	jiritsu sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	自立せよ¹ 自立しろ²	じりつせよ¹ じりつしろ²	jiritsu seyo¹ jiritsu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	自立される	じりつされる	jiritsu sareru
Causative	自立させる自立さす	じりつさせるじりつさす	jiritsu saseru jiritsu sasu
Potential	自立できる	じりつできる	jiritsu dekiru
Volitional	自立しよう	じりつしよう	jiritsu shiyō
Negative	自立しない	じりつしない	jiritsu shinai
Negative continuative	自立せず	じりつせず	jiritsu sezu
Formal	自立します	じりつします	jiritsu shimasu
Perfective	自立した	じりつした	jiritsu shita
Conjunctive	自立して	じりつして	jiritsu shite
Hypothetical conditional	自立すれば	じりつすれば	jiritsu sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“自立”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026