अ-

• अन- (an-) — before vowels

Borrowed from Sanskrit अ- (a-).

• Audio (Delhi):

  (file)

अ- • (a-)

1. non-, un-, a-, an- (a negating prefix)

   Synonyms: ग़ैर- (ġair-), ना- (nā-)

This form is used before words that begin with consonants.

• असुंदर (asundar, “ugly”)
• अकारण (akāraṇ, “needlessly”)

• अन- (an-) (before vowels)

Inherited from Sanskrit अ- (a-).

• Audio:

  (file)

अ- • (a-)

1. A negating prefix. non-, un-, a-, an-, etc.

This form is used before words that begin with consonants.

• अन- (an-) (before vowels)

Inherited from Sanskrit अ- (a-).

• IPA^(key): [ʌ‿]
• Phonetic Devanagari: अ

अ- • (a-)

1. A negating prefix. non-, un-, a-, an-, etc.

This form is used before words that begin with consonants.

• अन्- (an-, before vowels)

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *a-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-. Compare Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-).^[1]

अ- • (a-)

1. un-, not

• Ashokan Prakrit:
  • Maharastri Prakrit:
    • Old Marathi:
      • Marathi: अन- (an-)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit:
    • Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
      • Old Hindi:
        • Hindi: अन- (an-)
        • Urdu: انـ (an-)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: अ- (a-)

  Urdu: اـ (a-)

• → Marathi: अ- (a-)
• → Nepali: अ- (a-), अन- (an-)
• → Tamil: அ- (a-), அன்- (aṉ-) — before vowels

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Há-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁é-. Cognate to Phrygian ε- (e-), Ancient Greek ἐ- (e-).^[2]

अ- • (á-)

1. Used in the formation of imperfect, aorist and conditional tenses

• Monier Williams (1899), “अ-”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0001, column 1.