-ta

• IPA^(key): /-ta/ [-tʌ]

-ta

1. Form of -yta used after nouns ending in consonants.

Declension of -ta
absolutive	-ta
predicative	-ta
subjective	-tí
genitive	-tí
Postpositioned forms l-case -tal k-case -tak t-case -tat h-case -tah

• IPA^(key): /-ˈta/ [-ˈtʌ]

-tá

1. Form of -ytá used after nouns ending in consonants.

Declension of -tá
absolutive	-tá
predicative	-tá
subjective	-tá
genitive	-tá
Postpositioned forms l-case -tál k-case -ták t-case -tát h-case -táh

• E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN, page 228
• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015), L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎^[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

• -da (after -n)

From eta (“and”).^[1]

-ta

1. [with perfect participle] adverbial suffix

   Guztiz bustita zatoz. ― You're totally soaked.

   Hori esanda, nahi duzuna egin ezazu. ― Having said that, do whatever you want.

-ta

1. suffix for the abessive case, without.

• Suffixed to the genitive singular.
• Often used in conjunction with the preposition ilma, for example ilma soolata "without salt, saltless".

From Proto-Finnic *-t'ak, from Proto-Uralic *-ta- (verbalizer) (see the Proto-Finnic entry for more).

• IPA^(key): /-tɑˣ/, [-t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]

-ta (front vowel harmony variant -tä, stem -a-, linguistic notation -A- or -tA)

1. Forms verbs from nouns, generally with a causative, factitive or instrumental meaning.

   ‎kampa (“comb”) + ‎-ta → ‎kammata (“to comb”)

   ‎linko (“sling; centrifuge”) + ‎-ta → ‎lingota (“to hurl, sling, fling”)

• The derivatives belong to the conjugation types 73, 74 and 75. The only differences between these three types are the conditional forms, with 74 being a superset of 73 and 75 (allowing both forms of conditional stems). Stems ending in -a are always type 73, while other vowels result in 74 and 75 (with no clear regular pattern; colloquially all of these, except for those with stems ending in -i- like selvitä, are often inflected as if they were in class 74).
• Triggers consonant gradation in the root, if applicable.
• Used mainly on bisyllabic vowel-stem nouns. For monosyllabic and consonant-stem nouns, -taa is more common.
• A final -i- in the stem -ta is attached to usually becomes -e-.

From Proto-Finnic *-t'ak.

• IPA^(key): /-tɑˣ/, [-t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]

-ta (front vowel harmony variant -tä, stem -a-, linguistic notation -A- or -tA)

1. Forms verbs from nouns with a translative or reflexive meaning.

   ‎kato (“disappearance”) + ‎-ta → ‎kadota (“to disappear”)

   ‎raukea (“limp, drowsy”) + ‎-ta → ‎raueta (“to weaken, lapse”)

• The derivatives belong to the conjugation types 74, 75 and rarely 73. The only differences between these three types are the conditional forms, with 74 being a superset of 73 and 75 (allowing both forms of conditional stems). Stems ending in -a are always type 73, while other vowels result in 74 and 75 (with no clear regular pattern; colloquially all of these, except for those with stems ending in -i-, are often inflected as if they were in class 74).
• Triggers consonant gradation in the root, if applicable.
• A final -i- in the stem -ta is attached to usually becomes -e-.
• Largely conflated with etymology 1, as they have fallen together in form.

• -eta
• -ita

From Proto-Finnic *-ta, ultimately from the Proto-Uralic ablative case *-ta (compare to Moksha -да, -та (-da, -ta) and Erzya -до (-do)).

• IPA^(key): /-tɑ/, [-t̪ɑ̝]

-ta (front vowel harmony variant -tä, linguistic notation -tA)

1. A suffix for the partitive singular case.

• This suffix is used after a long vowel, diphthong or a consonant.
• See the appendix on Finnish nominal cases for more information on how the partitive case is used.

• -a

-ta (front vowel harmony variant -tä, stem -a-, linguistic notation -A- or -tA) (dialectal)

1. (Eastern Finnish) alternative form of -ida

See Appendix:Eastern Finnish reflexive verbs.

See Appendix:Eastern Finnish reflexive verbs.

• IPA^(key): /-tɑˣ/, [-t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]

-ta (front vowel harmony variant -tä, linguistic notation -tA)

1. (dialectal) alternative form of -tta (abessive case ending)

• IPA^(key): [tɒ]

-ta

2. 2. (past-tense suffix) Forms the third-person singular indicative past definite form of verbs.

      ‎olvas (“to read”) + ‎-ta → ‎olvasta (“he/she (has/had) read (it)”)

   4. (verbal-participle suffix) Forms the verbal participle of verbs, always following the agent noun.

      ‎okoz (“to cause”) + ‎-ta → ‎okozta (“caused by”)

      a vihar okozta kár ― the damage caused by the storm (literally, “storm-caused damage”)

4. (noun-forming suffix) Forms nouns from certain verbs (cf. -ás), incorporating the third-person singular possessive suffix (-a), which can be replaced by other personal possessive suffixes.

   tud (“to know”) → tudta (“his/her knowledge [of something]”)

• (past-tense and verbal-participle suffix) Variants:

  -ta is added to most back-vowel verbs

  -te is added to most front-vowel verbs

  -tta is added to back-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (hí, rí, szí; ó, ró; fú)

  -tte is added to front-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (lő, nő, sző; nyű)

  -otta is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (fut, nyit, except lát)

  -ette is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (vet)

  -ötte is added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (köt, süt, üt)

• (noun-forming suffix) Variants:

  -ta is added to most back-vowel verbs

  -te is added to most front-vowel verbs

  -tte is added to front-vowel verbs that originally ended in a vowel (like jön, originally jő)

  -ata is added to back-vowel verbs that form the infinitive with a linking vowel (like hall)

  -ete is added to front-vowel verbs that form the infinitive with a linking vowel (like kell)

• Category:Hungarian verbal participles
• Category:Hungarian verb forms
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

• Károly, Sándor. Az istenadta-féle szerkezetek személyragos tagjának szófaji jellegéről (“On the part of speech of the personal-suffixed elements of istenadta [‘God-given’]-like structures”). In: Nyelvtudományi Közlemények (“Linguistic Publications”), vol. 59 (1957), pp. 130–150.
• Simonyi, Zsigmond. Isten-adta (“God-given”). In: Magyar Nyelvőr (“Hungarian Language Guardian”), vol. XXXVI (1907), pp. 16–35 in the offprint (issue 5, May 15 in the original, pp. 193–205, 264–271).

From Old Norse -ta.

• IPA^(key): /ta/

-ta

2. forms verbs from other verbs

   ‎vaka (“to be awake”) + ‎-ta → ‎vakta (“to guard”)

   ‎rækja (“to perform, attend to”) + ‎-ta → ‎tækta (“to cultivate, nurture”)

   ‎spýja (“to spew”) + ‎-ta → ‎spýta (“to spit”)

4. forms verbs from nouns

   ‎gát f (“care”) + ‎-ta → ‎gæta (“to care for”)

   ‎ómur m (“sound”) + ‎-ta → ‎æmta (“to murmur”)

6. forms verbs from adjectives

   ‎vanur (“deprived of”) + ‎-ta → ‎vanta (“to lack, want”)

   ‎skammur (“short”) + ‎-ta → ‎skammta (“to portion out, ration”)

   ‎skammur (“short”) + ‎-ta → ‎skemmta (“to entertain”) (with i-mutation)

8. forms verbs from adverbs

   ‎heim (“home”) + ‎-ta → ‎heimta (“to retrieve”)

   ‎já (“yes”) + ‎-ta → ‎játa (“to say yes”)

Some of these are weak a-verbs:

But others are weak i-verbs:

• Alexander Jóhannesson (1927), Die Suffixe im Isländischen [The Icelandic suffixes] (in German), Halle: Max Niemeyer Gutenberg Buchdruckerei, §112, pages 108-9

• -té (neutral tongue position)

-tá

1. towards, to.

   pụ (“go out”) → pụtá (“come out”)

   chọ́ (“want, seek”) → chọ́tá (“find”)

2. to one's advantage, for.

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ta, an enclitic form of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kita, whence Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kita.

• IPA^(key): /ta/

-ta

1. First-person dual absolutive enclitic pronoun; we (two); us (two); you and I; you and me

   Aggayyemta. ― You and I are friends.

2. First-person dual ergative enclitic pronoun; we (two); you and I

   Masapul a tulunganta ni Maria. ― You and I should help Maria.

3. First-person dual possessive marker; our (mine and yours); of us two

   Awan inggana koma ti ayatta. ― May our love last forever.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• -tha

-ta

2. added to nouns to form adjectives

• -ga (-da, -dha)

• -te (slender form)
• -tha, -the

-ta

2. used to form strong plural forms of nouns

From Old Irish -ta, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts, whence also Ancient Greek -της (-tēs), Sanskrit -ताति (-tāti), and Latin -tās.

• -te (slender form)
• -tha, -the

-ta

2. used to form the past participle of verbs

• -te, -tha, -the

-ta

2. genitive singular of -adh (verbal noun suffix)

-ta

1. Rōmaji transcription of た

-ta

1. first person plural inclusive accusative enclitic

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *taq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taq₂. Pangasinan ta, Isnag ta, Tiruray ta, Tausug ta. Also possibly comes from the clipping of yata.

• Hyphenation: -tá

-ta

1. enclitic suffix, functions as an adjunct of uncertainty or a filler.

   Tabaluta.

   I don't know [who knows?]

   Antayuta.

   Where is it? [God only knows where it is.]

   Nandakata.

   Whatever [it's up to you.]

   Mengan naka-ta.

   Have you eaten yet? [I think so.]

   Mako na-ta.

   I think I'm leaving. [Maybe?]

   Maliari kayata.

   I wonder if it's ok. [I think.]

-ta

1. to, at, on, in

   ‎pahá (“hill, butte”) + ‎-ta → ‎paháta (“on the hill, butte”)

   ‎maȟpíya (“sky”) + ‎-ta → ‎maȟpíyata (“in the sky”)

   ‎mní (“water”) + ‎-ta → ‎mniyáta (“at the water”)

Changes to (-ata), (-yata) following vowel.

-ta

1. inflection of -tus:
   1. feminine nominative/vocative singular
   2. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural

-tā

1. feminine ablative singular of -tus

• -nta

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ta, from Proto-Austronesian *ta.

• IPA^(key): [ta]

-ta (possessive suffix, Lontara spelling ᨈ)

1. our (first person plural inclusive)
2. your (polite second person singular and plural)

-ta

1. alternative form of -tah (“among”)

• Young, Robert; Morgan, William; Midgette, Sally (1992), Analytical lexicon of Navajo, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, →ISBN, page 471

From Proto-Quechuan *-kta. Compare with Classical Quechua -kta.

• IPA^(key): /ta/

-ta

1. Used for the accusative case. Indicates the direct object of a verb or the goal of a motion verb.

   ‎wasi (“house”) + ‎-ta → ‎wasita (“at the house”)

   ‎mama (“mother”) + ‎-ta → ‎mamaykita (“your mother (direct object)”)

2. Used to form adverbs from adjectives.

   ‎allin (“good”) + ‎-ta → ‎allinta (“well”)

-ta

1. alternative form of -te

   'S leònta mo làmh. ― My hand is wounded.

-ta

1. A condition or state

-ta

1. (nonproductive) final conclusion of a process, often involving contact

   ‎-okoa (“to save”) + ‎-ta → ‎-okota (“to pick up”)

• Ashton, E. O. (1944), Swahili Grammar (including Intonation), London: Longmans, Green & Co, pages 237–238.
• Lodhi, Abdulaziz Y. (2002), “Verbal extensions in Bantu (the case of Swahili and Nyamwezi)”, in Africa & Asia‎^[2], volume 2, →ISSN, archived from the original on 11 December 2009, section 3.6, page 16 of 4-26.

-ta

1. alternative form of -da (locative suffix) (after an unvoiced consonant)

• -cha (allomorph after i)

• IPA^(key): [-ta]

-ta

1. Forms intransitive verbs with patient-like arguments from nouns.

-ta

1. Forms the certain future tense.

Verbs with this suffix take series I person markers.

• -tai (possibly)

Cognates are found in many other Cariban languages, where they are usually restricted to use with or in place of an imperative marker cognate to -kö. The Ye'kwana suffix thus shows a broadened scope of use.

-ta

1. Directs that the command or request expressed by a verb must be executed somewhere else and not at the place where the order was given.

This suffix immediately precedes the verb’s tense/aspect/mood markers (and so is distinguished from the certain future suffix above). In most cases, it can only appear with one of the three modal markers -kö (imperative), -iye (jussive), and -'ñojo (rogative); however, when used in the imperative singular, it takes the place of the suffix -kö instead of appearing alongside it.

In the plural this suffix takes the form -tan except in the third person, where it does not change. That is, it takes the form -tan when followed by plural -tö.

• -tan

• Cáceres, Natalia (2011), “-ta”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎^[3], Lyon, pages 149, 225–226, 234–236