-dakayo

Ilocano

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dakaˈjo/, [dɐ.xɐˈjo], [dɐ.xɐˈju]

Pronoun

-dakayó (pronoun-forming suffix)

  1. Fused enclitic with third-person plural agent and second-person plural patient; fuses -da (“they, their”) and -kayo (“you (all)”)
    Ikkandakayo ti inumenyo madamdama. ― They will give you your drinks later.
  2. Fused enclitic with first-person plural exclusive agent and second-person plural patient; fuses -mi (“we (not you), our”) and -kayo (“you (all)”)
    Rumuarkayo tapno makitadakayo. ― Go out so we can see you.

See also

Ilocano personal pronouns
Person Number Absolutive Ergative Oblique Possessive
Disjunctive Enclitic Enclitic3 bági form kukua form
First singular siak -ak -ko, -k kaniak bagik kukuak, kuak
dual data, sita1 -ta kaniata, kadata bagita kukuata
plural inclusive datayo, sitayo1 -tayo, -tay kaniatayo, kadatayo bagitayo kukuatayo
plural exclusive dakami, sikami1 -kami, -kam -mi kaniami, kadakami bagimi kukuami
Second singular sika -ka -mo, -m kaniam, kenka bagim kukuam
plural dakayo, sikayo1 -kayo, -kay -yo kaniayo, kadakayo bagiyo kukuayo
Third singular isu, isuna Ø2 -na kaniana, kenkuana bagina kukuana
plural isuda -da kaniada, kadakuada bagida kukuada

1Regional variants.
2Null morpheme: there is no absolutive enclitic for the third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives isu or isuna may also be used.
3Ergative enclitics are also used as possessive markers.

Fused enclitics
Actor Patient
siak data datayo dakami sika dakayo isu5 isuda
siak bagik4 — — — -ka -kayo -ko, -k -ko ida, -k ida
data — bagita4 — — — — -ta -ta ida
datayo — — bagitayo4 — — — -tayo -tayo ida
dakami — — — bagimi4 -daka -dakayo -mi -mi ida
sika -nak — — -nakami bagim4 — -mo, -m -mo ida, -m ida
dakayo -dak -data — -dakami — bagiyo4 -yo -yo ida
isu -nak -nata -natayo -nakami -naka -nakayo bagina4, -na -na ida
isuda -dak -data -datayo -dakami -daka -dakayo -da bagida4, -da ida

4Reflexive pronouns use the bagí form.
5 isu or isuna may also be added after the enclitics in this column.

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