See also: and と゚

U+3069, ど
HIRAGANA LETTER DO
Composition: [U+3068] + ◌゙ [U+3099]

[U+3068]
Hiragana
[U+306A]

Japanese

Stroke order

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [do̞]

Etymology 1

The hiragana character (to) with a dakuten ().

Syllable

• (do

  1. The hiragana syllable (do). Its equivalent in katakana is (do).
See also

Etymology 2

Appears to be a relatively recent innovation. In mainstream Japanese, this prefix is used as an intensifier. In the Kansai region, the meaning has further developed to convey more negative overtones.[1][2]

The ultimate derivation is unclear.

Prefix

or • (do-

  1. super-
    あほdo-ahodumbass
    • 1935, Kishida Kunio, Tōkaidō chū hizakurige [Traveling by foot through Tokaido]‎[1], published 1991:
      名前は、ルネ・ド・ボオシヨア、文字通りのブルジヨア・ジヤンチヨンムで、さつき云ひかけたが、モロツコにえらい地面と、革の工場をもつてるさうだ。
      Namae wa, Rene do Bōshoa, mojidōri no burujoa janchommu de, sakki ii kaketa ga, Morokko ni do-erai jimen to, kawa no kōjō o motteru sō da.
      His name is Rene de Boissieu, a literal bourgeois gentilhomme, and as I said earlier, it seems that in Morocco he owns tremendous lands and a leather factory.
Derived terms
  • どストライク (do-sutoraiku)
  • ()(なか) (do-mannaka, exact center; bullseye)
  • 根性(こんじょう) (do-konjō)
  • M(エム) (do-emu)
  • S(エス) (do-esu)
  • どけち (do-kechi)
  • どん (don-)
  • 派手(はで) (do-hade)
  • 下手(べた) (do-beta)
  • どぎつい (do-gitsui)
  • 助平(すけべい) (do-sukebei)
  • どびつこい (do-bitsukoi)
  • どえらい (do-erai)

Etymology 3

From Old Japanese.

Suffix

• (-do

  1. (archaic, poetic, formal) Attaches to the verb stem, specifically the stem form ending in -e for type 1 verbs. This verb stem is called the 仮定形 (kateikei, hypothetical form) in Modern Japanese, and the 已然形 (izenkei, realis form) in Classical Japanese. Used to express the contrasting hypothetical condition conjunction: even if, even when
  2. (archaic, poetic, formal) Attaches to the verb stem, specifically the stem form ending in -e for type 1 verbs. This verb stem is called the 仮定形 (kateikei, hypothetical form) in Modern Japanese, and the 已然形 (izenkei, realis form) in Classical Japanese. Used to indicate something is the case irrespective of something else: even though, even as
Usage notes
Derived terms

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from ぞ?”)

Particle

• (do

  1. (Tōhoku, final) used for emphasis
    Synonym: (standard) (yo)

Etymology 5

For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entries.
3
[suffix] -itude
[suffix] (geometry) degree of an angle
[suffix] degree in temperature, scale, etc.
[suffix] number of times
[suffix] percentage of alcohol concentration
[noun] degree, extent
[noun] (informal, of eyeglasses) diopter
4
[affix] work, toil
[noun] the third of the Eight Principles of Yong
2
[prefix] indeterminate prefix, used to form question words
(This term, (do), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.)
For a list of all kanji read as , see Category:Japanese kanji read as ど.

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN