読む

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
讀む (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 読む
Plain 読む [yóꜜmù]
Conjunctive 読んで んで [yóꜜǹdè]
Perfective 読んだ んだ [yóꜜǹdà]
Negative 読まない ない [yòmáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 読まなかった なかった [yòmáꜜnàkàttà]
Hypothetical conditional 読めば めば [yóꜜmèbà]
Past conditional 読んだら んだら [yóꜜǹdàrà]
Imperative 読め [yóꜜmè]
Volitional 読もう [yòmóꜜò]
Desiderative 読みたい みた [yòmítáꜜì]
Formal 読みます みま [yòmímáꜜsù]
Formal negative 読みません みませ [yòmímáséꜜǹ]
Formal volitional 読みましょう みましょ [yòmímáshóꜜò]
Formal perfective 読みました みました [yòmímáꜜshìtà]
Continuative 読み
読みに

みに
[yóꜜmì]
[yóꜜmì nì]
Negative continuative 読まず
読まずに

ずに
[yòmáꜜzù]
[yòmáꜜzù nì]
Passive 読まれる まれ [yòmáréꜜrù]
Causative 読ませる
読ます
ませ
[yòmáséꜜrù]
[yòmáꜜsù]
Potential 読める [yòméꜜrù]

Verb

() • (yomutransitive godan (stem () (yomi), past ()んだ (yonda))

  1. to read (look at and interpret written text)
    この(ほん)()みたいです。
    Kono hon o yomitai desu.
    I want to read this book.
  2. to read (speak aloud written text)
    これなんて()
    Kore nan te yomu?
    How do you say this?
  3. to infer; to speculate
    相手(あいて)()(うち)()
    aite no te no uchi o yomu
    to guess the opponent's plan
    相手(あいて)出方(でかた)()そこねた
    aite no dekata o yomisokoneta
    We could not read their intentions.
  4. to count
    (ひょう)()
    hyō o yomu
    to count votes

Conjugation

Conjugation of "読む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 読ま よま yoma
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 読み よみ yomi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 読む よむ yomu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 読む よむ yomu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 読め よめ yome
Meireikei ("imperative") 読め よめ yome
Key constructions
Passive 読まれる よまれる yomareru
Causative 読ませる
読ます
よませる
よます
yomaseru
yomasu
Potential 読める よめる yomeru
Volitional 読もう よもう yomō
Negative 読まない よまない yomanai
Negative continuative 読まず よまず yomazu
Formal 読みます よみます yomimasu
Perfective 読んだ よんだ yonda
Conjunctive 読んで よんで yonde
Hypothetical conditional 読めば よめば yomeba

Derived terms

See also

References

  • Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN
  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN