See also: and
U+5C40, 局
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C40
尿
[U+5C3F]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5C41]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(Kangxi radical 44, 尸+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 尸尸口 (SSR), four-corner 77227, composition 𠃌)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 300, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7653
  • Dae Jaweon: page 596, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 967, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5C40

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡoɡ): semantic + phonetic (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).

Folk etymology found in some dictionaries mistakes it for a representation of a deceased person's limbs being bent and buried.[1]

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *N-kəwk.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • guŏh - vernacular;
  • gṳ̆k - literary.
Note:
  • kio̍k - literary (“classifier; without fail; interest; worth; narrow; to be limited; to force”);
  • kia̍k/ke̍k - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • (Northern: Shanghai)
      • Wugniu: 8jioq; 8jiuq
      • MiniDict: jioh; jiuih
      • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 5jjioq; 5jjyq
      • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑioʔ¹²/, /d͡ʑyɪʔ¹²/

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕy³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕy²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕy⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕy⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡ɕy⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕy⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕy²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕy²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕy¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕy⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕy⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡ɕy²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕy³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕiu²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕyʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕyəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /t͡ɕyʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕy³¹/
Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑioʔ¹/
/d͡ʑyɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /d͡ʑioʔ³/
Hangzhou /d͡zz̩ʷəʔ²/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑo²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰiu²²/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰiu¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕy²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕy²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiuʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /kʰiuk̚⁵/
Taoyuan /kʰiuk̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kok̚²/
Nanning /kuk̚²²/
Hong Kong /kuk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kiɔk̚⁵/
/kik̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kuoʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ky⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kek̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xɔk̚³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (30)
Final () (8)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter gjowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɡɨok̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɡiok̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɡiok̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/guawk̚/
Li
Rong
/ɡiok̚/
Wang
Li
/ɡĭwok̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/gi̯wok̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
guk6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ gjowk › ‹ gjowk ›
Old
Chinese
/*N-kʰ(r)ok/ /*[ɡ](r)ok/
English bent, curved department

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7028
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡoɡ/

Definitions

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) bent; crooked
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to bend
  3. to restrict; to limit
  4. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to force; to coerce
  5. narrow; restricted
  6. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) near; close
  7. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) breadth of mind; tolerance
  8. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) neighbour
  9. part; component; local
  10. arrangement; distribution; structure; organisation
  11. (administration) office; bureau; board; administration
      ―  yóu  ―  post office
      ―  jǐng  ―  police station
  12. (administration) the fifth and the sixth administrative levels
  13. (ancient written vernacular Chinese) shop or store for a certain speciffic business
      ―  biāo  ―  shop for security escort service
      ―  yào  ―  pharmacy
  14. trap; trick; gamble try; a complex, confusing event or situation
      ―  piàn  ―  fraud, scam
    光棍 [Eastern Min, trad. and simp.]
    Nguāi ké̤ṳk-*guŏng-góng guŏh-kó̤ / [ŋuai³³ kʰyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ kuoŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ (k-)ŋouŋ²¹³ kuoʔ⁵⁻²¹ (kʰ-)ɔ²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
    I got tricked by a scammer.
    以身入  ―  yǐshēnrù  ―  risk all of oneself to participate
  15. feast; banquet; gathering
      ―  jiǔ  ―  a banquet in which participants drink a huge amount of alcohol
  16. chessboard
  17. Classifier for instances of boardgames and ballgames: game ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
  18. (Mainland China Hokkien) without fail; certainly; surely; definitely; inevitably
  19. (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) interest; fun (said with (ū) and ())
  20. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) worth; profit; relative benefit (said with (ū) and ())
  21. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) narrow; cramped
  22. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be limited; to be confined
  23. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to force; to compel
  24. (tennis score) game
  25. (civil aviation, slang) Civil Aviation Administration of China
      ―  fāng  ―  the side of CAAC

Synonyms

  • (interest):
  • (without fail):
  • (narrow):
  • (to limit):
  • (to trick):

Compounds

References

  1. ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017

Japanese

Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. bureau
  2. board
  3. office

Readings

  • Go-on: ごく (goku)
  • Kan-on: きょく (kyoku, Jōyō)きよく (kyoku, historical)
  • Kun: つぼね (tsubone, )しきる (shikiru)

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
つぼね
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) ぼね [tsùbóné] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA(key): [t͡sɨbo̞ne̞]

Noun

(つぼね) • (tsubone

  1. a temporary room created by subdividing a larger room with curtains and screens
  2. a private room in a palace or noble residence created by subdividing a larger room or gallery with curtains and screens
    Synonym: 曹司 (zōshi)
  3. a lady-in-waiting or gentlewoman who lives in such a room
  4. (Edo) a lady-in-waiting to a shōgun or daimyō
  5. the tenement room used by a (つぼね)(じょ)(ろう) (tsubone-jorō, a low grade prostitute who works out of a small tenement room and charges by the hour)
  6. short for 局女郎 (tsubone-jorō)

Suffix

(つぼね) • (-tsubone

  1. an honorific appended to the names of high-ranking women

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
きょく
Grade: 3
kan'on

From Middle Chinese (MC gjowk).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) きょ [kyóꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA(key): [kʲo̞kɯ̟]

Noun

(きょく) • (kyokuきよく (kyoku)?

  1. bureau, department
  2. channel (such as on television)

Counter

(きょく) • (-kyokuきよく (-kyoku)?

  1. counter for buildings or operators suffixed with (きょく) (kyoku) (e.g. (ゆう)便(びん)(きょく) (yūbin-kyoku, post office), テレビ(きょく) (terebi-kyoku, television station))
  2. counter for board games (e.g. chess, shogi or go)

Suffix

(きょく) • (-kyokuきよく (-kyoku)?

  1. bureau
Derived terms

References

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun (pan guk))

  1. hanja form? of (bureau; department)

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: cục
: Nôm readings: cộc, cục, cuộc, gục, ngúc

  1. chữ Hán form of cuộc (an office under a bộ (ministry))
  2. chữ Nôm form of cuộc (any large-scale, periodic event)
    • 1820, 阮攸 [Nguyễn Du], compiled by Liễu Văn Đường, 傳翹 [Truyện Kiều], published 1866, line 3:
      𣦆(Trải)(qua)(một)(cuộc)𣷭(bể)(dâu)
      A turbulent mulberry-field-covered-by-sea period had passed.
  3. chữ Nôm form of gục (to lower (one's head); to bend down)