澀
| ||||||||
Translingual
| Traditional | 澀 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 涩 |
| Japanese | 渋 |
| Korean | 澁 |
Han character
澀 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 水尸戈一 (ESIM), four-corner 37111, composition ⿰氵歰)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 651, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18311
- Dae Jaweon: page 1061, character 23
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1774, character 12
- Unihan data for U+6F80
Chinese
| trad. | 澀 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 涩 | |
| alternative forms | ||
Glyph origin
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *srɯb): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 歰 (OC *srɯb, “rough; not smooth”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): saap3 / sap1 / sik1 / gip3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sep
- Jin (Wiktionary): sah4
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sieh6 / seh6
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7seq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: sè
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄜˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sè
- Wade–Giles: sê4
- Yale: sè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: seh
- Palladius: сэ (sɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: saap3 / sap1 / sik1 / gip3
- Yale: saap / sāp / sīk / gip
- Cantonese Pinyin: saap8 / sap7 / sik7 / gip8
- Guangdong Romanization: sab3 / seb1 / xig1 / gib3
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːp̚³/, /sɐp̚⁵/, /sɪk̚⁵/, /kiːp̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- saap3, sap1, sik1 - literary (all senses);
- gip3 - vernacular (“acerbic; tart”).
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sep
- Hakka Romanization System: sebˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: seb5
- Sinological IPA: /sep̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sieh6
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: siah
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬiɛʔ²¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sieh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬiɛʔ²/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: seh6
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: seh
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬɛʔ²¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: seh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬɛʔ²/
- (Putian)
Note:
- sieh6 - vernacular (“astringent; rough; stingy”);
- seh6 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siap
- Tâi-lô: siap
- Phofsit Daibuun: siab
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /siap̚⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siap̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sip
- Tâi-lô: sip
- Phofsit Daibuun: sib
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sip̚⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sip̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines)
Note:
- siap - vernacular (“astringent; rough; stingy”);
- sip - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: srip
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*srɯb/
Definitions
澀
- astringent; acerbic; tart
- (of surfaces) rough; unsmooth
- 目睭澀澀／目睭涩涩 [Hokkien] ― ba̍k-chiu siap siap [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― eyes being rough and dry
- (of writing) hard to understand; obscure; not flowing
- (of speech) ineloquent; sluggish
- (Southern Min) stingy; miserly
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 吝嗇 (“stingy; miserly”) [map]
Compounds
- 乾澀 / 干涩 (gānsè)
- 冷澀 / 冷涩
- 口枯眼澀 / 口枯眼涩
- 固澀藥 / 固涩药 (gùsèyào)
- 客囊羞澀 / 客囊羞涩
- 嶮澀 / 崄涩
- 拙澀 / 拙涩
- 收澀藥 / 收涩药 (shōusèyào)
- 晦澀 / 晦涩 (huìsè)
- 枯澀 / 枯涩 (kūsè)
- 澀剌剌的 / 涩剌剌的
- 澀奈 / 涩奈
- 澀汁 / 涩汁
- 澀滯 / 涩滞
- 澀縮 / 涩缩
- 澀聶 / 涩聂 (Sèniè)
- 澀訥 / 涩讷
- 澀谷 / 涩谷 (Sègǔ)
- 澀道 / 涩道
- 生澀 / 生涩 (shēngsè)
- 羞澀 / 羞涩 (xiūsè)
- 艱澀 / 艰涩 (jiānsè)
- 苦澀 / 苦涩 (kǔsè)
- 訥澀 / 讷涩
- 蹇澀 / 蹇涩
- 阮囊羞澀 / 阮囊羞涩 (ruǎnnángxiūsè)
- 青澀 / 青涩 (qīngsè)
- 餳澀 / 饧涩 (xíngsè)
Japanese
Kanji
澀
- alternative form of 渋
Readings
- Go-on: しゅう (shū)←しふ (sifu, historical)
- Kan’yō-on: じゅう (jū)←じふ (zifu, historical)
- Kun: しぶい (shibui, 澀い)、しぶ (shibu, 澀)
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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