吝嗇

See also: 吝啬

Chinese

stingy stingy
trad. (吝嗇) 吝 嗇
simp. (吝啬) 吝 啬
alternative forms 遴嗇／遴啬

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 吝 嗇
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37) 生 (21)
Final (韻) 眞 (43) 職 (134)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 良刃切 所力切
Baxter linH srik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/liɪnH/ /ʃɨk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/linH/ /ʃɨk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ljenH/ /ʃiek̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/linH/ /ʂik̚/
Li
Rong 		/liĕnH/ /ʃiək̚/
Wang
Li 		/lĭĕnH/ /ʃĭək̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/li̯ĕnH/ /ʂi̯ək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lìn she
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		lan6 sik1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 吝 嗇
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lìn sè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ linH › ‹ srik ›
Old
Chinese 		/*mə.rə[n]-s/ /*s.rək/
English stingy reap

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 吝 嗇
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 8230 10992
Phonetic
component 		吝 嗇
Rime
group 		眞 職
Rime
subdivision 		1 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		遴 色
Old
Chinese 		/*m·rins/ /*srɯɡ/
Notes 本文聲 象禾來之積，來亦聲

Adjective

吝嗇

  1. stingy; miserly

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 吝嗇 (“stingy; miserly”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 吝, 嗇, 慳, 吝嗇, 慳吝
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 吝嗇, 小氣, 慳吝
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 小氣, 摳, 摳兒, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 死摳兒, 摳搜, 摳唆, 嗇刻
Langfang 摳
Chengde 摳兒
Chifeng 吝嗇, 摳兒
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 小摳兒, 小氣
Heihe 吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒
Qiqihar 吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒
Harbin 摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 摳搜, 小氣, 夾夾咕咕, 玍屄
Baicheng 吝嗇, 摳
Changchun 小摳
Tonghua 摳門兒
Shenyang 吝嗇, 小摳, 摳
Jinzhou 吝嗇, 摳, 摳搜, 渠
Malaysia 吝嗇, kiamsiap
Singapore 吝嗇
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 摳兒, 摳門兒, 摳唆, 死摳兒, 窮摳兒
Tangshan 摳惜
Cangzhou 摳兒
Baoding 摳, 窮摳
Shijiazhuang 摳, 老摳兒
Lijin 摳, 不出息
Jinan 摳, 摳門兒, 小氣
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 黑饞
Dandong 吝嗇, 摳, 小摳兒
Yantai 摳, 奸
Yantai (Muping) 摳, 摳搜
Qingdao 奸, 拤古
Zhucheng 拤古
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 摳唆, 小氣, 吝嗇
Lingbao 吝嗇, 嗇皮
Jining 摳
Daming 老摳兒
Wanrong 摳, 小氣
Linfen 摳
Shangqiu 摳, 老鱉一
Yuanyang 摳兒
Zhengzhou 摳, 尖
Xinyang 尖
Baihe 嗇皮
Xi'an 小氣, 嗇, 吝嗇, 嗇皮, 摳
Baoji 嗇皮
Tianshui 吝嗇
Xining 摳, 摳皮, 細詳, 搜, 小氣
Xuzhou 搜, 摳, 搜摳兒, 搜摳, 搜屄摳兒, 薄氣, 不出血
Fuyang 吝嗇, 摳, 尖
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 摳搜, 薄嗇, 嗇, 小氣
Lanzhou 摳搜, 嗇皮, 嗇, 小氣
Dunhuang 嗇
Hami 摳
Ürümqi 摳, 摳搜, 嗇皮, 小氣
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 摳, 小氣, 夾, 苟, 嗇, 坎
Nanchong 吝嗇, 摳
Hanyuan 嗇
Xichang 嗇, 坎
Zigong 吝嗇, 摳
Chongqing 吝嗇, 夾, 財, 老默, 摳
Wuhan 吝嗇, 摳, 慳, 小氣
Yichang 吝嗇, 嗇, 小氣
Xiangyang 吝嗇, 雀薄
Tianmen 吝嗇
Guiyang 摳, 夾摳, 夾殼, 小氣
Zunyi 摳, 夾殼兒
Bijie 夾摳, 夾殼
Liping 吝嗇, 摳, 小氣
Zhaotong 小氣
Dali 尖鉤鉤
Kunming 吝嗇, 小氣, 秀, 秀氣郎當
Mengzi 摳
Guilin 摳
Guilin (Lingui) 吝嗇
Liuzhou 吝嗇, 摳, 沙, 小氣
Liuzhou (Luorong) 吝嗇
Jishou 摳
Changde 摳
Hanzhong 嗇皮
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 摳, 嗇, 小氣, 尿日鬼
Yangzhou 摳, 小氣, 嗇掐, 嗇苛, 嗇, 吝嗇
Lianyungang 吝嗇, 免頭
Lianshui 小氣
Nantong 小氣, 嗇掐
Anqing 摳
Wuhu 摳, 尿
Hefei 摳, 小氣, 算小
Hong'an 小氣, 慳, 刻薄
Cantonese Guangzhou 孤寒, 慳濕, 度縮, 眼緊, 縮骨, 麻米, 細囈, 小氣, 知微, 知慎
Hong Kong 孤寒, 度縮, 縮骨
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 孤寒
Macau 孤寒
Guangzhou (Panyu) 孤寒
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 孤寒
Guangzhou (Conghua) 孤寒
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 孤寒
Foshan 孤寒
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 孤寒
Foshan (Shunde) 孤寒
Foshan (Sanshui) 孤寒
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 孤寒
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 孤寒
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 孤寒
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 孤寒
Zhuhai (Doumen) 孤寒
Jiangmen (Baisha) 孤寒
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 孤寒
Taishan 孤寒, 針屎
Kaiping (Chikan) 孤寒, 針屎
Enping (Niujiang) 耳屎, 孤寒
Heshan (Yayao) 孤寒
Dongguan 孤寒, 縮骨
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 孤寒
Qingyuan 孤寒
Fogang 孤寒
Yingde (Hanguang) 孤寒
Yangshan 孤寒
Lianshan (Butian) 慳
Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) 孤寒
Shaoguan 孤寒
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 孤寒
Renhua 孤寒
Lechang 孤寒
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 孤寒
Sihui 孤寒
Guangning 孤寒
Deqing 孤寒
Huaiji 孤寒
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 孤寒
Yunfu 孤寒
Xinxing 孤寒
Luoding 孤寒
Yunan (Pingtai) 孤寒
Yangjiang 孤寒, 小格
Xinyi 孤寒
Lianjiang 小氣, 慳嗇
Nanning 孤寒, 小氣
Wuzhou 孤寒
Beiliu (Tangliao) 慳
Lingshan 慳
Pubei 慳
Beihai 慳濕, 孤寒
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 孤寒
Danzhou 細氣
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 孤寒
Singapore (Guangfu) 孤寒
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 小氣
Móng Cái 孤寒
Gan Nanchang 嗇, 小氣
Lichuan 慳吝, 小氣
Pingxiang 肋嗇, 嗇魔, 小氣
Hakka Meixian 齧, 齧察, 歪, 孤寒, 孤淒, 皮西艾曬, 唆嗇, 淒老
Xingning 歪
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 孤寒, 蔑屑
Huidong (Daling) 小氣, 孤寒
Dongguan (Qingxi) 孤寒
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 孤寒
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 孤寒
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 孤寒
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 吝嗇, 齧察
Wuhua (Huacheng) 孤寒, 吝嗇, 齧察, 豺
Wuhua (Changbu) 吝嗇
Wuhua (Mianyang) 澀
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 孤寒
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 孤寒
Jiexi 澀
Jiexi (Huizhai) 澀
Luhe 齧察
Changting 癄, 吝嗇
Longyan (Yongding) 齧塞
Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) 歪, 歪齋, 刁歪, 塞屎, 齧塞, 捏捏惜惜
Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding) 澀
Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding) 乞食
Wuping 齧
Wuping (Pingyu) 歪, 齧察
Liancheng (Peitian) 小氣, 毛
Liancheng (Juxi) 小氣
Liancheng (Zhongbao) 小氣
Liancheng (Laiyuan) 小氣
Ninghua 精
Yudu 小氣, 小相
Ruijin 小氣
Shangyou (Shexi) 精, 小氣
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 齧察, 齧
Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) 齧察
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 齧察, 齧唧
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 齧察
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 齧察, 𡳞毛
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 齧察
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 齧, 齧察, 齧合澀, 澀齧
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 齧察, 齧合澀
Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) 齧察
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 硞, 虯, 鹹合澀
Luchuan (Daqiao) 摳
Beiliu (Tang'an) 小氣
Singkawang 澀, 鹹澀
Bangkok (Meixian) 小氣, 齧察
Bangkok (Fengshun) 吝嗇
Huizhou Jixi 小毛, 小氣, 小鬼
Shexian 小氣, 吃小米
Jin Taiyuan 小氣, 摳索, 吝嗇
Pingyao 摳, 小氣
Yangyuan 吝嗇, 摳, 磨慳, 慳
Datong 吝嗇, 摳
Xinzhou 鬼祟, 小氣
Lüliang (Lishi) 摳
Changzhi 摳, 慳, 摳搜
Linhe 憋, 缺
Jining 摳
Hohhot 小氣
Erenhot 摳, 小氣
Pingshan 摳唆
Zhangjiakou 摳門兒, 摳, 吝嗇
Handan 小氣, 摳兒門兒, 摳兒, 嗇結頭
Linzhou 摳
Suide 嗇
Northern Min Jian'ou 嗇鄙, 小癖氣
Songxi 小氣
Zhenghe 嗇鄙
Jianyang 嗇鄙
Wuyishan 嗇
Pucheng (Shibei) 嗇
Eastern Min Fuzhou 貽順, 奸狡, 奸狡利, 小氣, 十絕
Fuqing 小氣, 𣍐捨, 奸小利
Southern Min Xiamen 枵鬼, 譴相, 小鄙臉, 貓, 貓神, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 凍霜, 攝屎, 鄙釐, 虯, 竭, 𣍐做儂
Quanzhou 枵鬼, 譴相, 貓, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 捻𡳞 vulgar, 捻, 鄙釐, 虯, 𣍐做儂
Jinjiang 枵鬼
Zhangzhou 枵鬼, 小鬼臉, 㾀屎庀 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹澀韌, 蟯, 蟯鬼, 蟯疕, 桶庀, 鄙釐, 毛絲, 虯, 𣍐做儂, 雞攝膣, 攝雞膣, 攝屎, 𠢕儉
Zhangpu 枝釐
Yunxiao 夾絲
Taipei 牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀
Taipei (Wanhua) 凍霜
New Taipei (Tamsui) 凍霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 孤獨
New Taipei (Sanxia) 牛螕, 苛頭, 凍霜, 鹹澀
New Taipei (Pingxi) 孤霜, 㾀屎
Kaohsiung 牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 凍霜, 硞
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯
Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 凍霜, 苛頭
Yilan 凍霜, 貓筩, 鹹澀, 虯
Changhua (Lukang) 虯, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀
Taichung 凍霜, 硞, 硞仔頭
Taichung (Wuqi) 凍霜
Tainan 虯, 苛頭, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀
Tainan (Anping) 凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞, 虯
Taitung 凍霜
Hsinchu 凍霜, 鹹澀, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹
Kinmen 凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀
Penghu (Magong) 凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 虯
Penghu (Xiyu) 孤獨, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭
Penang (Hokkien) 鹹澀, 鹹
Klang (Hokkien) 貓潲 vulgar, 鹹澀, 貓
Singapore (Hokkien) 枵鬼, 貓, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 貓潲 vulgar, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar
Manila (Hokkien) 鹹澀, 孤死酸, 汌, 鹹, 貓潲 vulgar
Longyan 挾潲
Datian 澀鼻
Chaozhou 鹹澀
Shantou 鹹澀
Jieyang 鹹澀, 酸澀, 迡噝, 奸狡, 鼠鬼相
Singapore (Teochew) 鹹澀, 貓
Leizhou 慳, 慳嘜, 刻目, 刺麻
Wenchang 鹹澀, 細氣
Haikou 鹹澀
Singapore (Hainanese) 鹹澀, 鹹
Puxian Min Putian 儉嗇, 無𡳞成, 慳, 馬貽順
Xianyou 儉嗇, 無𡳞成, 慳
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 孤寒
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 孤寒, 孽屎
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 小氣, 小相
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Chaoyang) 小氣
Guilin (Zhuyuan) 吝嗇
Lingchuan (Tanxia) 小氣
Wu Shanghai 小氣, 密屑, 賅刁, 摳, 刮皮, 酷, 刁, 勿爽氣
Shanghai (Chongming) 小氣
Suzhou 小氣, 算小, 掐
Wuxi 小氣, 嗇
Changzhou 小氣
Danyang 嗇掐, 小氣
Hangzhou 小氣, 精馬, 精巴
Ningbo 小氣, 刮皮
Wenzhou 小氣, 貓, 吃不得
Jinhua 小氣, 刻嗇, 貓涴
Xiang Changsha 吝毛, 小氣, 摳, 疜
Loudi 小相
Shuangfeng 小氣
Quanzhou 吝嗇
Guanyang (Wenshi) 小相
Xiangnan Tuhua Jiangyong 小氣

Derived terms

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
吝 嗇
りん
Hyōgai 		しょく
Hyōgai
on'yomi

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) りんしょく [rìńshókú] (Heiban – [0])
  • (Tokyo) りんしょく [ríꜜǹshòkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA(key): [ɾʲĩɰ̃ɕo̞kɯ̟]

Adjective

吝(りん)嗇(しょく) • (rinshoku) -na (adnominal 吝(りん)嗇(しょく)な (rinshoku na), adverbial 吝(りん)嗇(しょく)に (rinshoku ni))

  1. stingy
Inflection
Inflection of 吝嗇
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 吝嗇だろ りんしょくだろ rinshoku daro
Continuative (連用形) 吝嗇で りんしょくで rinshoku de
Terminal (終止形) 吝嗇だ りんしょくだ rinshoku da
Attributive (連体形) 吝嗇な りんしょくな rinshoku na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 吝嗇なら りんしょくなら rinshoku nara
Imperative (命令形) 吝嗇であれ りんしょくであれ rinshoku de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 吝嗇ではない
吝嗇じゃない 		りんしょくではない
りんしょくじゃない 		rinshoku de wa nai
rinshoku ja nai
Informal past 吝嗇だった りんしょくだった rinshoku datta
Informal negative past 吝嗇ではなかった
吝嗇じゃなかった 		りんしょくではなかった
りんしょくじゃなかった 		rinshoku de wa nakatta
rinshoku ja nakatta
Formal 吝嗇です りんしょくです rinshoku desu
Formal negative 吝嗇ではありません
吝嗇じゃありません 		りんしょくではありません
りんしょくじゃありません 		rinshoku de wa arimasen
rinshoku ja arimasen
Formal past 吝嗇でした りんしょくでした rinshoku deshita
Formal negative past 吝嗇ではありませんでした
吝嗇じゃありませんでした 		りんしょくではありませんでした
りんしょくじゃありませんでした 		rinshoku de wa arimasen deshita
rinshoku ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 吝嗇で りんしょくで rinshoku de
Conditional 吝嗇なら（ば） りんしょくなら（ば） rinshoku nara (ba)
Provisional 吝嗇だったら りんしょくだったら rinshoku dattara
Volitional 吝嗇だろう りんしょくだろう rinshoku darō
Adverbial 吝嗇に りんしょくに rinshoku ni
Degree 吝嗇さ りんしょくさ rinshokusa

Noun

吝(りん)嗇(しょく) • (rinshoku) 

  1. miserliness, stinginess
  2. miser

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
吝 嗇
けち
Hyōgai Hyōgai
jukujikun
For pronunciation and definitions of 吝嗇 – see the following entry.
【けちケチ】
[noun] miser; tightwad
[noun] miserliness; stinginess
[adjective] stingy, miserly
Alternative spelling
吝
(This term, 吝嗇, is an alternative spelling (uncommon) of the above term.)

References

Korean

Hanja in this term
吝嗇

Noun

吝嗇 • (insaek) (hangeul 인색)

  1. hanja form? of 인색 (“miserliness, stinginess”)
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