kam

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kam"

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Kamba.

Symbol

kam

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Kamba.

See also

  • Wiktionary’s coverage of Kamba terms

English

Etymology

From Welsh cam (bent, crooked, distorted), from Middle Welsh cam, from Old Welsh cam, from Proto-Brythonic *kam, from Proto-Celtic *kambos.

Cognate with Scottish Gaelic cam, Irish cam, French camus (flat-nosed) and more distantly Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, crooked, bent, bow-legged). Doublet of camous.

Adjective

kam (not comparable)

  1. (obsolete) Crooked, awry.

References

Anagrams

Abau

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkam/

Noun

kam class I gender m

  1. my maternal uncle; used by the speaker to address their mother's brother

Declension

declension of kam (kinship)
form
term of address kam
term of reference kam-uh

References

  • Lock, Arnold Hugo. 2011. Abau Grammar. Data Papers on Papua New Guinea Languages 57. Ukarumpa, Papua New Guinea: SIL-PNG Academic Publications. Available online.
    • Table 12: Vowel harmony in the suffixation of kinship terms, p.29

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch kam.

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)

Noun

kam (plural kamme)

  1. comb

Ainu

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ka̠m]

Noun

kam (Kana spelling カㇺ)

  1. flesh, meat
    unma kam hure.
    Horse meat is red.

Albanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Suppletive. The present, imperfect, and subjunctive are from Proto-Albanian *kapmi, from Proto-Indo-European *kap- (to seize, to grasp), cognate with Latin capiō (take, seize) and Proto-Germanic *habjaną (to have, to hold) (whence English have, German haben (to have), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (haban, to have)). The other tenses and participle are from Proto-Albanian *pat(i)-, from Proto-Indo-European *pótis (owner, master, host, husband), cognate with Latin potis (able, capable), Ancient Greek πόσις (pósis), Sanskrit पति (páti).[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Tosk) IPA(key): [käm]
  • (Gheg) IPA(key): [käm]
    • IPA(key): [kɔm] (Kosovar)
    • IPA(key): [kɛ̃m] (Southern Gheg)

Verb

kam (aorist pata, participle pasur)

  1. to have
  2. (impersonal, third person) there is

Conjugation

References

  1. ^ Oryol, Vladimir E. (1998), “kam”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 167

Angloromani

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Romani kham.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈkʰæm], [ˈcæm]

Noun

kam

  1. sun

References

  • “kam”, in Angloromani Dictionary[1], The Manchester Romani Project, 2004-2006, archived from the original on 26 November 2021, page 141

Azerbaijani

Other scripts
Cyrillic кам
Arabic کام

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian کام.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [cam], [t͡ʃɑm]

Noun

kam (definite accusative kamı, plural kamlar)

  1. wish, desire
    Synonyms: arzu, dilək, istək
  2. pleasure
    Synonyms: ləzzət, zövq

Declension

Declension of kam
singular plural
nominative kamkamlar
definite accusative kamıkamları
dative kamakamlara
locative kamdakamlarda
ablative kamdankamlardan
definite genitive kamınkamların
Possessive forms of kam
nominative
singular plural
mənim (my) kamım kamlarım
sənin (your) kamın kamların
onun (his/her/its) kamı kamları
bizim (our) kamımız kamlarımız
sizin (your) kamınız kamlarınız
onların (their) kamı or kamları kamları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (my) kamımı kamlarımı
sənin (your) kamını kamlarını
onun (his/her/its) kamını kamlarını
bizim (our) kamımızı kamlarımızı
sizin (your) kamınızı kamlarınızı
onların (their) kamını or kamlarını kamlarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (my) kamıma kamlarıma
sənin (your) kamına kamlarına
onun (his/her/its) kamına kamlarına
bizim (our) kamımıza kamlarımıza
sizin (your) kamınıza kamlarınıza
onların (their) kamına or kamlarına kamlarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (my) kamımda kamlarımda
sənin (your) kamında kamlarında
onun (his/her/its) kamında kamlarında
bizim (our) kamımızda kamlarımızda
sizin (your) kamınızda kamlarınızda
onların (their) kamında or kamlarında kamlarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (my) kamımdan kamlarımdan
sənin (your) kamından kamlarından
onun (his/her/its) kamından kamlarından
bizim (our) kamımızdan kamlarımızdan
sizin (your) kamınızdan kamlarınızdan
onların (their) kamından or kamlarından kamlarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (my) kamımın kamlarımın
sənin (your) kamının kamlarının
onun (his/her/its) kamının kamlarının
bizim (our) kamımızın kamlarımızın
sizin (your) kamınızın kamlarınızın
onların (their) kamının or kamlarının kamlarının

Further reading

  • kam” in Obastan.com.

Chinese

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to ? related to English kam?”)

Pronunciation


Adjective

kam (Cantonese)

  1. (of people) cringe; weird; awkward
    kam [Cantonese]  ―  kem5 lan2 [Jyutping]  ―  cringe person
  2. (of event or action) cringe; embarrassing
  3. difficult to deal with; tough

Etymology 2

Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation


Verb

kam

  1. (Cantonese) to clear one's throat
Alternative forms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation


Adjective

kam

  1. alternative form of camp

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech kam(o), from Proto-Slavic *kamo.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈkam]
  • Audio:(file)

Adverb

kam

  1. where, whither (to what place)
    Antonym: odkud

Derived terms

Further reading

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse kambr, from Proto-Germanic *kambaz, Norwegian, Swedish kam, English comb, German Kamm. The Germanic noun goes back to Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (tooth, peg), which is also the source of Sanskrit: जम्भः (jámbhaḥ, tooth), Ancient Greek γόμφος (gómphos, peg), Polish ząb (tooth).

Noun

kam c (singular definite kammen, plural indefinite kamme)

  1. comb
  2. crest (of an animal)
  3. loin, back (of a butchered animal)
  4. ridge (of a mountain)

Declension

Declension of kam
common
gender
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kam kammen kamme kammene
genitive kams kammens kammes kammenes

Derived terms

  • bakkekam
  • benkam
  • bjergkam
  • bølgekam
  • hanekam
  • kambregne
  • kamgarn
  • kamgavl
  • kamgræs
  • kamme
  • kamme over
  • kammusling
  • kamskive
  • kamsteg
  • kamstykke
  • kamtakket
  • lammekam
  • mellemkam
  • nakkekam
  • redekam
  • svinekam
  • tykkam
  • tættekam

References

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kɑm/
  • Rhymes: -ɑm
  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch kamp, from Old Dutch *kamb, from Proto-West Germanic *kamb, from Proto-Germanic *kambaz (comb), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (tooth; row of teeth).

Noun

kam m (plural kammen, diminutive kammetje n)

  1. a comb, utensil to groom hair, fur etc.
  2. (by extension) a ridge or comb-like structure
    De kam van de berg is bedekt met sneeuw.The ridge of the mountain is covered in snow.
  3. (technical) a cam
  4. a bridge (e.g. of a violin)
Derived terms
Descendants

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

kam

  1. inflection of kammen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

Anagrams

Garo

Etymology

Borrowed from Assamese কাম (kam).

Noun

kam

  1. work

Derived terms

German

Pronunciation

Verb

kam

  1. first/third-person singular preterite of kommen

Hausa

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kám/
    • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA(key): [kám]

Ideophone

kam

  1. firmly, tightly
  2. adamant, insistent

Alternative forms

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin quam. The initial qu was changed to k so as not to cause confusion with the word with quan.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kam/

Adverb

kam

  1. than, as, to (in comparison)
    La karno esas plu fresha kam la fisho.The meat is fresher than the fish.
    Co esas tam utila kam to.This one is as useful as that one.

See also

Kashubian

Alternative forms

Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kàmy.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈkam/
    • Rhymes: -am
    • Syllabification: kam

    Noun

    kam m inan

    1. stone (piece of rock that has been separated)

    Declension

    Declension of kam
    singular plural
    nominative kam kamë/kamienie
    genitive kama/kamienia kamów/kamieniów
    dative kamòwi/kamieniowi kamóm/kamienióm
    accusative kam kamë/kamienie
    instrumental kamã/kamieniã kamama/kamieniama
    locative kamie/kamieniu kamach/kamieniach
    vocative kamie/kamieniu kamë/kamienie

    Further reading

    • Stefan Ramułt (1893), “kam”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 66
    • Sychta, Bernard (1968), “kam”, in Słownik gwar kaszubskich [Dictionary of Kashubian dialects] (in Polish), volumes 2 (H – L), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 125
    • Jan Trepczyk (1994), “kamień”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
    • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “kamień”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[2]
    • kam”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

    Latvian

    Pronoun

    kam

    1. dative of kas

    Lithuanian

    Etymology

    Compare Polish czemu, with similar semantic development.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈkɑ̂ːm/

    Pronoun

    kám

    1. dative of kas
    2. (derogatory, interrogative) why, for what reason, what's the reason
      Synonyms: kodėl, dėl ko
      Õ kám táu rei̇̃kia?And what do you need this for?

    Northern Kurdish

    Etymology

    From Armenian կամ (kam).[1][2]

    Noun

    kam ?[3]

    1. threshing sledge, threshing board
      Synonyms: cencer, patoz

    References

    1. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973), “կամն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 502b
    2. ^ Cabolov, R. L. (2001), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 513
    3. ^ Jaba, Auguste; Justi, Ferdinand (1879), Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 323b

    Norwegian Bokmål

    Etymology

    From Old Norse kambr.

    Noun

    kam m (definite singular kammen, indefinite plural kammer, definite plural kammene)

    1. a comb

    Derived terms

    References

    Norwegian Nynorsk

    Etymology

    From Old Norse kambr. Akin to English comb.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /kɑmː/

    Noun

    kam m (definite singular kammen, indefinite plural kammar, definite plural kammane)

    1. a comb

    Derived terms

    References

    Palula

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Urdu کم (kam), from Persian کم (kam).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /kam/

    Adjective

    kam (invariable, Perso-Arabic spelling کم)

    1. less
    2. inferior

    References

    • Henrik Liljegren; Naseem Haider (2011), “kam”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[3], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

    Pumpokol

    Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-Yeniseian *ɢajb (boat, vessel).

    Noun

    kam (M.)

    1. (vehicles, nautical) boat made of birch bark

    Further reading

    • Werner, Heinrich (2005), Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 183

    Serbo-Croatian

    Etymology 1

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kamy.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /kâːm/

    Noun

    kȃm m inan (Cyrillic spelling ка̑м)

    1. (poetic) stone, rock
    Declension
    Declension of kam
    singular plural
    nominative kȃm kȃmi / kȁmovi
    genitive kama kama / kamova
    dative kamu kamima / kamovima
    accusative kam kame / kamove
    vocative kame kȃmi / kȁmovi
    locative kamu kamima / kamovima
    instrumental kamom kamima / kamovima

    Etymology 2

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kamo.

    Adverb

    kam (Cyrillic spelling кам)

    1. (Kajkavian) where (to), in which direction, whither
      Synonym: kamo
      Synonym: kud
      Synonym: kuda

    Slovincian

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kàmy.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ˈkam/
      • Rhymes: -am
      • Syllabification: kam

      Noun

      kam m inan

      1. stone (piece of rock that has been separated)

      Further reading

      Sumerian

      Romanization

      kam

      1. romanization of 𒄰 (kam)

      Swedish

      Etymology

      From Old Swedish kamber, from Old Norse kambr,[1] cognate with Danish kam[1] and Dutch kam.

      That in turn derived from Proto-Germanic *kambaz, whence also Old English camb (English comb), Old High German kamb (German Kamm).[1] Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (tooth (animate)),[1] whence also Ancient Greek γόμφος (gómphos, peg),[1] Lithuanian žam̃bas, Old Church Slavonic зѫбъ (zǫbŭ, tooth), Russian зуб (zub, tooth).

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /kam/, [kʰam]

      Noun

      kam c

      1. a comb for grooming hair
      2. a comb, a fleshy growth on the top of the head of some birds and reptiles
      3. a crest, summit of a hill or mountain ridge
      4. a crest, ridge of a wave
      5. a cam, a part of an engine

      Declension

      Derived terms

      • bergskam (mountain ridge)
      • vågkam (wave ridge)

      References

      Anagrams

      Talysh

      Etymology

      Cognate with Persian کم (kam).

      Adverb

      kam

      1. a few, a little

      Tok Pisin

      Etymology

      From English come.

      Noun

      kam

      1. come

      Turkish

      Etymology

      Learned borrowing from Proto-Turkic *kām (sorcerer, soothsayer, magician)[1].

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ˈkam/

      Noun

      kam (definite accusative kamı, plural kamlar)

      1. synonym of şaman (shaman)

      Declension

      Declension of kam
      singular plural
      nominative kam kamlar
      definite accusative kamı kamları
      dative kama kamlara
      locative kamda kamlarda
      ablative kamdan kamlardan
      genitive kamın kamların
      Possessive forms
      nominative
      singular plural
      1st singular kamım kamlarım
      2nd singular kamın kamların
      3rd singular kamı kamları
      1st plural kamımız kamlarımız
      2nd plural kamınız kamlarınız
      3rd plural kamları kamları
      definite accusative
      singular plural
      1st singular kamımı kamlarımı
      2nd singular kamını kamlarını
      3rd singular kamını kamlarını
      1st plural kamımızı kamlarımızı
      2nd plural kamınızı kamlarınızı
      3rd plural kamlarını kamlarını
      dative
      singular plural
      1st singular kamıma kamlarıma
      2nd singular kamına kamlarına
      3rd singular kamına kamlarına
      1st plural kamımıza kamlarımıza
      2nd plural kamınıza kamlarınıza
      3rd plural kamlarına kamlarına
      locative
      singular plural
      1st singular kamımda kamlarımda
      2nd singular kamında kamlarında
      3rd singular kamında kamlarında
      1st plural kamımızda kamlarımızda
      2nd plural kamınızda kamlarınızda
      3rd plural kamlarında kamlarında
      ablative
      singular plural
      1st singular kamımdan kamlarımdan
      2nd singular kamından kamlarından
      3rd singular kamından kamlarından
      1st plural kamımızdan kamlarımızdan
      2nd plural kamınızdan kamlarınızdan
      3rd plural kamlarından kamlarından
      genitive
      singular plural
      1st singular kamımın kamlarımın
      2nd singular kamının kamlarının
      3rd singular kamının kamlarının
      1st plural kamımızın kamlarımızın
      2nd plural kamınızın kamlarınızın
      3rd plural kamlarının kamlarının

      References

      1. ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972), “kam”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 625

      Further reading

      White Hmong

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ka˩̰/

      Etymology 1

      Verb

      kam

      1. to be willing, agreeable
        Kuv kam thiab.I'm willing.
        Kuv tsis kam mus.I won't go.

      Adverb

      kam

      1. accustomed to
        Noj mov tsi kam.Unaccustomed to eating rice.
        Nws sau ntawv tsis kam.He isn't accustomed to writing.

      Etymology 2

      Noun

      kam (classifier: tus)

      1. business, affairs
        Koj muaj kam dab tsi?What is your business? What do you want?
        kam teb chawsnational affairs; national politics

      References

      • Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979), White Hmong — English Dictionary[5], SEAP Publications, →ISBN, page 75.

      Yogad

      Pronoun

      kam

      1. you (plural)

      Zazaki

      Alternative forms

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /cam/

      Pronoun

      kam

      1. who