पति
Hindi
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पति
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Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पति (pati).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /pə.t̪iː/, [pɐ.t̪iː]
Audio (Delhi): (file)
Noun
पति • (pati) m (female equivalent पत्नी, Urdu spelling پتی)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | पति pati |
पति pati |
| oblique | पति pati |
पतियों patiyõ |
| vocative | पति pati |
पतियो patiyo |
Derived terms
- करोड़पति (karoṛapti)
References
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “पति”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 2790
- Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “पति”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 392
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “पति”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 596
- Bahri, Hardev (1989), “पति”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 369.
Old Gujarati
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पति (pati).
Noun
पति • (pati) m
Descendants
- Gujarati: પતિ (pati)
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- pati (Latin script)
- 𑀧𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- পতি (Bengali script)
- පති (Sinhalese script)
- ပတိ (Burmese script)
- ปติ or ปะติ (Thai script)
- ᨷᨲᩥ (Tai Tham script)
- ປຕິ or ປະຕິ (Lao script)
- បតិ (Khmer script)
- 𑄛𑄖𑄨 (Chakma script)
Noun
पति m
- Devanagari script form of pati (“boss”)
Declension
Declension table of "पति" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | पति (pati) | पतयो (patayo) or पती (patī) |
| Accusative (second) | पतिं (patiṃ) | पतयो (patayo) or पती (patī) |
| Instrumental (third) | पतिना (patinā) | पतीहि (patīhi) or पतीभि (patībhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | पतिस्स (patissa) or पतिनो (patino) | पतीनं (patīnaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | पतिस्मा (patismā) or पतिम्हा (patimhā) | पतीहि (patīhi) or पतीभि (patībhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | पतिस्स (patissa) or पतिनो (patino) | पतीनं (patīnaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | पतिस्मिं (patismiṃ) or पतिम्हि (patimhi) | पतीसु (patīsu) |
| Vocative (calling) | पति (pati) | पतयो (patayo) or पती (patī) |
Verb
पति
- Devanagari script form of pati, which is second/third-person singular aorist active of पतति (patati, “to fall”)
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- পতি (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
- পতি (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- ပတိ (Burmese script)
- પતિ (Gujarati script)
- ਪਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ಪತಿ (Kannada script)
- បតិ (Khmer script)
- ປຕິ (Lao script)
- പതി (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
- ପତି (Odia script)
- ꢦꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
- පති (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
- பதி (Tamil script)
- పతి (Telugu script)
- ปติ (Thai script)
- པ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pátiš, from Proto-Indo-European *pótis.[1] Cognate with Albanian pata, Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (paiti), Ancient Greek πόσις (pósis), Latin potis, Lithuanian pàts.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /pɐ́.ti/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /pɐ.t̪i/
Noun
पति॑ • (páti) stem, m
- husband
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.145.1:
- इ॒मां ख॑ना॒म्य् ओष॑धिं वी॒रुधं॒ बल॑वत्तमाम्।
यया॑ स॒पत्नीं॒ बाध॑ते॒ यया॑ संवि॒न्दते॒ पति॑म्॥- imā́ṃ khanāmy óṣadhiṃ vīrúdhaṃ bálavattamām.
yáyā sapátnīṃ bā́dhate yáyā saṃvindáte pátim. - I dig this plant, a herb of most effectual power, from out the earth
With which one quells the co-wife and gains the husband for herself.
- imā́ṃ khanāmy óṣadhiṃ vīrúdhaṃ bálavattamām.
- इ॒मां ख॑ना॒म्य् ओष॑धिं वी॒रुधं॒ बल॑वत्तमाम्।
- lord, master
- master, owner, possessor, lord, ruler, sovereign
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पतिः॑ (pátiḥ) | पती॑ (pátī) | पत॑यः (pátayaḥ) |
| accusative | पति॑म् (pátim) | पती॑ (pátī) | पती॑न् (pátīn) |
| instrumental | पत्या॑ (pátyā) | पति॑भ्याम् (pátibhyām) | पति॑भिः (pátibhiḥ) |
| dative | पत्ये॑ (pátye) | पति॑भ्याम् (pátibhyām) | पति॑भ्यः (pátibhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पत्युः॑ (pátyuḥ) | पति॑भ्याम् (pátibhyām) | पति॑भ्यः (pátibhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पत्युः॑ (pátyuḥ) | पत्योः॑ (pátyoḥ) | पती॑नाम् (pátīnām) |
| locative | पत्यौ॑ (pátyau) | पत्योः॑ (pátyoḥ) | पति॑षु (pátiṣu) |
| vocative | पते॑ (páte) | पती॑ (pátī) | पत॑यः (pátayaḥ) |
Derived terms
- अतिथिपति (átithipati)
- अधिपति (adhipati, “high lord, great lord, great king”)
- अप्सरापति (apsarāpati)
- गणपति (gaṇápati, “lord of the armies, Ganesha”)
- गृहपति (gṛhápati, “lord of the house”)
- गेहपति (gehapati)
- गोपति (gópati)
- गोष्ठपति (goṣṭhapati)
- गोष्ठीपति (goṣṭhīpati)
- ग्नास्पति (gnāspáti)
- ग्नास्पत्नी (gnāspátni)
- चित्पति (citpatí)
- जास्पति (jā́spáti)
- दम्पति (dámpati)
- नदीपति (nadīpatí)
- नृपति (nṛpáti)
- पशुपति (paśupáti, “lord of the animals, Shiva”)
- प्रजापति (prajā́pati, “lord of creatures, a primordial being”)
- बृहस्पति (bṛ́haspáti, “lord of prayer, the sage of the gods”)
- भूतपति (bhūtapáti)
- भूपति (bhū́pati, “lord of the earth, a king”)
- रथस्पति (ráthaspáti)
- रयिपति (rayipáti)
- राधस्पति (rā́dhaspati)
- राष्ट्रपति (rāṣṭrápati, “lord of the nation”)
- वनस्पति (vánaspáti)
- वसुपति (vásupati)
- विश्पति (viśpáti)
- व्राजपति (vrājapatí)
- शचीपति (śácīpáti)
- सदस्पति (sádaspáti)
Descendants
- Magadhi Prakrit:
- Assamese: পৈ (poi)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀇 (paï)
- → Old Gujarati: पति (pati) (learned)
- Gujarati: પતિ (pati)
- Pali: pati
- Paisaci Prakrit:
- Punjabi: ਪਈ (paī)
- → Hindi: पति (pati) (learned)
- → Bengali: পতি (poti)
- → Malay: patih
- Indonesian: patih
- → Indonesian: pati
- → Kannada: ಪತಿ (pati)
- → Khmer: ប្តី (pdəy)
- → Tamil: பதி (pati)
Noun
पति॑ • (páti) stem, f
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पतिः॑ (pátiḥ) | पती॑ (pátī) | पत॑यः (pátayaḥ) |
| accusative | पति॑म् (pátim) | पती॑ (pátī) | पतीः॑ (pátīḥ) |
| instrumental | पत्या॑ (pátyā) पती॑¹ (pátī¹) |
पति॑भ्याम् (pátibhyām) | पति॑भिः (pátibhiḥ) |
| dative | पत॑ये (pátaye) पत्यै॑² (pátyai²) पती॑¹ (pátī¹) |
पति॑भ्याम् (pátibhyām) | पति॑भ्यः (pátibhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पतेः॑ (páteḥ) पत्याः॑² (pátyāḥ²) पत्यै॑³ (pátyai³) |
पति॑भ्याम् (pátibhyām) | पति॑भ्यः (pátibhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पतेः॑ (páteḥ) पत्याः॑² (pátyāḥ²) पत्यै॑³ (pátyai³) |
पत्योः॑ (pátyoḥ) | पती॑नाम् (pátīnām) |
| locative | पतौ॑ (pátau) पत्या॑म्² (pátyām²) पता॑¹ (pátā¹) |
पत्योः॑ (pátyoḥ) | पति॑षु (pátiṣu) |
| vocative | पते॑ (páte) | पती॑ (pátī) | पत॑यः (pátayaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Later Sanskrit
- ³Brāhmaṇas
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “páti-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 73
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “पति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 582, column 1.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “páti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 436