-í
Catalan
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Suffix
-í (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ina, masculine plural -ins, feminine plural -ines)
- -ine (of or pertaining to)
Suffix
-í m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ins)
- forms diminutives
- forms names of plants and animals
- forms names of tools
Etymology 2
Suffix
-í m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ins)
Derived terms
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ iː]
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old Czech -í, from Proto-Slavic *-ьjь/*-jь.
Suffix
-í (adjective-forming suffix)
- forming attributive adjectives from nouns, especially animals
Derived terms
See also
Etymology 2
Inherited from Old Czech -ie, from Proto-Slavic *-ьje.
Suffix
-í n (noun-forming suffix)
- forming nouns referring to collections
Derived terms
Further reading
- Přídavná jména tvořená příponou -í z obecných jmen rostlin, Naše řeč (2002)
Irish
Alternative forms
- -aí (broad version)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iː/
Etymology 1
Suffix
-í
Etymology 2
Suffix
-í m
Etymology 3
Suffix
-í
Etymology 4
Suffix
-í m
- slender form of -aí (“verbal-noun-forming suffix”)
Macanese
Alternative forms
- (archaic) -ir
Etymology
From Portuguese -ir, the third-conjugation verb-forming suffix.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈi/
Suffix
-í
Usage notes
- Largely not productive outside of verbs formed from non-Portuguese stems.
- Much rarer than -â, and only used when the final vowel of the original loanword is -i.
Derived terms
Related terms
Navajo
Etymology
From a combination of several Proto-Athabaskan prefixes:
- Proto-Athabaskan *-(y)iˑ (non-human noun suffix)
- Proto-Athabaskan *-eˑ (suffix forming kinship terms)
- Proto-Athabaskan *-(h)eˑ (a negative suffix)[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-ɪ́/, [-í]
Suffix
-í
- (nominalizer) the one that, the one who
Usage notes
- Similar to the -er suffix in English, the -í suffix attached to a verb means "the one who does [verb]". Thus naaʼnaʼ (“he/she/it crawls about”) + -í ("-er") produces naaʼnaʼí ("the one that crawls, crawler"). Prefixing this with chidí (“car”) produces chidí naaʼnaʼí (“caterpillar tractor”).
- When applied to words ending in a vowel, an epenthetic /h/ is sometimes added before the suffix, as in giníłbáhí (“western goshawk”).
See also
References
- ^ Sharon Hargus; Keren Rice (2005), Athabaskan Prosody, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, pages 290-91
Old Czech
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьjь/*-jь.
Suffix
-í (adjective-forming suffix)
- forming attributive adjectives from nouns, especially animals
Usage notes
- This suffix causes first palatalisation (or sometimes iotation) of the preceding consonant.
Declension
| singular | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | -í | -ie | -ie | |
| genitive | -ieho | -ie | -ieho | |
| dative | -iemu | -í, -iej | -iemu | |
| accusative | -ieho, -í | -ú | -ie | |
| locative | -iem | -í, -iej | -iem | |
| instrumental | -ím | -ú | -ím | |
| dual | ||||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | -ie | -í, -iej | ||
| genitive | -ú | |||
| dative | -íma | |||
| accusative | -ie | -í, -iej | ||
| locative | -ú | |||
| instrumental | -íma | |||
| plural | ||||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | -í | -ie | -ie | |
| genitive | -ích | |||
| dative | -ím | |||
| accusative | -ie | -ie | ||
| locative | -ích | |||
| instrumental | -ími | |||
Derived terms
Descendants
- Czech: -í
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-jьjь.
Suffix
-í (adjective-forming suffix)
Usage notes
- This suffix causes iotation of the preceding consonant.
Declension
| singular | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | -í | -ši | -še | |
| genitive | -šě | -šě | -šě | |
| dative | -šu | -ši | -šu | |
| accusative | -šě, -í | -šu | -še | |
| locative | -ši | -ši | -ši | |
| instrumental | -šem | -šú | -šem | |
| dual | ||||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | -še | -še | ||
| genitive | — | |||
| dative | — | |||
| accusative | -še | -še | ||
| locative | — | |||
| instrumental | — | |||
| plural | ||||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | -še | -še | -še | |
| genitive | — | |||
| dative | — | |||
| accusative | -še | -še | ||
| locative | — | |||
| instrumental | — | |||
Palula
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-í/
Suffix
-í
- Converb suffix
Alternative forms
References
- Henrik Liljegren; Naseem Haider (2011), “-í”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[1], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-í/
Suffix
-í
- Plural suffix (with i-declension nouns)
References
- Henrik Liljegren; Naseem Haider (2011), “-í”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[2], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Etymology 3
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-í/
Suffix
-í
- Oblique case suffix (with i-declension nouns)
References
- Henrik Liljegren; Naseem Haider (2011), “-í”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[3], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈi/ [ˈi]
- Rhymes: -i
- Syllabification: -í
Etymology 1
From the Arabic suffix ـِيّ (-iyy) or rarely the Sanskrit suffix -ईय (-īya).
Suffix
-í m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -íes or -ís)
-í m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -íes or -ís)
- forms certain demonyms, especially from Arabic and Indo-Iranian countries and regions -i, -ese, -ian, -ite
See also
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Inherited from Vulgar Latin *-īī < Latin -īvī, first-person singular present perfect active indicative ending of the fourth conjugation, later generalized to almost all non–first-conjugation verbs.
Suffix
-í (non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix)