規
See also: 规
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Translingual
Han character
規 (Kangxi radical 147, 見+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 手人月山山 (QOBUU), four-corner 56010, composition ⿰夫見)
Derived characters
Additional Derived Characters
- 𫱟, , 𧜴, , 𱗪, 𡙭, 𡦑, 𤍮, 𪄯
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1133, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34810
- Dae Jaweon: page 1600, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3664, character 17
- Unihan data for U+898F
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 規 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
Characters in the same phonetic series (規) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Originally a pictogram (象形): a cross-shaped measuring compass similar to 乂. The protoform also appears as the bottom component in the oracle bone script of 畫.
Later reformulated as 夫 (“husband”) + 見 (“see”), which is traditionally considered an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意). However, Smith (2011) proposes that the left component is an abbreviation of the phonetic component 癸 (OC *kʷilʔ). Compare the Shizhoupian script form of 癸.
Chen (2021) instead suggests that the 夫 is the left-hand side of 矩, after 矩 became seen as a compound; since both characters refer to tools, it would be natural for their semantic components to align.[1]
Etymology 1
| trad. | 規 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 规 | |
| alternative forms | ||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): gui1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): gui1
- Northern Min (KCR): gṳ́
- Eastern Min (BUC): giĕ
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ki1 / kui1
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): kwai1
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): guei1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: guī
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guei
- Wade–Giles: kuei1
- Yale: gwēi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guei
- Palladius: гуй (guj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: gui1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gui
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuei⁵⁵/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: guǐ / kuǐ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuei²¹/, /kʰuei²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kwai1
- Yale: kwāi
- Cantonese Pinyin: kwai1
- Guangdong Romanization: kuei1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷʰɐi̯⁵⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: kwoi1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰʷɔi²¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: kei1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰei³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûi
- Hakka Romanization System: guiˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gui1
- Sinological IPA: /ku̯i²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: guiˋ
- Sinological IPA: /kui⁵³/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: gui1
- Sinological IPA: /kuɪ⁴⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gṳ́
- Sinological IPA (key): /ky⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Donghai)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ki1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ki
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi⁵³³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ki1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Donghai)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: kui1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: kui
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰui⁵³³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: kui1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰui⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Donghai)
Note:
- ki1 - vernacular;
- kui1 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines, Longyan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kui
- Tâi-lô: kui
- Phofsit Daibuun: kuy
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /kui³³/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kui⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Longyan): /kui³³⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gui1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kui
- Sinological IPA (key): /kui³³/
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: gui1
- Sinological IPA: /kui³⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines, Longyan)
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: kwai1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰʷəi⁵³/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- Xiang
- Middle Chinese: kjwie
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷe/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʷel/
Definitions
規
- dividers; measuring compass
- rule; regulation; customs; law
- to plan; to arrange
- to exhort; to admonish; to advise
- a surname, Gui
Synonyms
- (rule):
- 例 (lì) (literary, or in compounds)
- 則度 / 则度 (zédù) (literary)
- 守則 / 守则 (shǒuzé)
- 方案 (fāng'àn)
- 條例 / 条例 (tiáolì)
- 條規 / 条规 (tiáoguī)
- 法度 (fǎdù)
- 程度 (chéngdù) (archaic)
- 簡章 / 简章 (jiǎnzhāng)
- 紀綱 / 纪纲 (jìgāng) (literary)
- 綱目 / 纲目 (gāngmù) (Classical Chinese)
- 繩墨 / 绳墨 (shéngmò) (figurative)
- 規則 / 规则 (guīzé)
- 規定 / 规定 (guīdìng)
- 規條 / 规条 (guītiáo)
- 規準 / 规准 (guīzhǔn) (literary)
- 規矩 / 规矩 (guījǔ)
- 規章 / 规章 (guīzhāng)
- 章則 / 章则 (zhāngzé)
- 章程
- 須知 / 须知 (xūzhī)
- (to plan):
- 作計 / 作计 (zuòjì) (literary)
- 打算 (dǎsuàn)
- 拍算 (phah-sǹg) (Hokkien, Teochew)
- 拍達 / 拍达 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 按算 (Hokkien)
- 擬 / 拟 (nǐ)
- 派胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 準備 / 准备 (zhǔnbèi)
- 營為 / 营为 (Hokkien)
- 盤算 / 盘算
- 策劃 / 策划 (cèhuà)
- 策動 / 策动 (cèdòng)
- 算 (suàn)
- 算打 (sáung-dā) (Eastern Min)
- 算計 / 算计 (suànjì)
- 籌劃 / 筹划 (chóuhuà)
- 考慮 / 考虑 (kǎolǜ)
- 規劃 / 规划 (guīhuà)
- 計劃 / 计划 (jìhuà)
- 計算 / 计算 (jìsuàn)
- 設 / 设 (shè)
- 設施 / 设施 (shèshī) (literary)
- 試圖 / 试图 (shìtú)
- 謀劃 / 谋划 (móuhuà)
- (to exhort):
- 勸告 / 劝告 (quàngào)
- 勸導 / 劝导 (quàndǎo)
- 勸解 / 劝解 (quànjiě)
- 勸誡 / 劝诫 (quànjiè)
- 告誡 / 告诫 (gàojiè)
- 奉勸 / 奉劝 (fèngquàn) (honorific)
- 忠告
- 懲 / 惩 (chéng) (literary, or in compounds)
- 戒飭 / 戒饬 (jièchì)
- 提醒 (tíxǐng)
- 正告 (zhènggào)
- 相勸 / 相劝 (xiāngquàn) (literary)
- 規勸 / 规劝 (guīquàn)
- 誘 / 诱 (yòu) (literary, or in compounds)
- 諧喙 / 谐喙 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
- 諫訓 / 谏训 (jiànxùn) (literary)
- 警告 (jǐnggào)
- 警示 (jǐngshì)
- 警誡 / 警诫 (jǐngjiè) (literary)
Compounds
- 不規則 / 不规则 (bùguīzé)
- 中立法規 / 中立法规
- 中規中矩 / 中规中矩
- 交通規則 / 交通规则 (jiāotōng guīzé)
- 以規為瑱 / 以规为瑱
- 例規 / 例规
- 內規 / 内规
- 兩腳規 / 两脚规
- 分度規 / 分度规
- 分規 / 分规
- 勸善規過 / 劝善规过
- 半圓規 / 半圆规
- 半規 / 半规 (bànguī)
- 半規管 / 半规管 (bànguīguǎn)
- 印規 / 印规
- 單行法規 / 单行法规
- 國土規劃 / 国土规划
- 圓規 / 圆规 (yuánguī)
- 團體規範 / 团体规范
- 地震規模 / 地震规模
- 大家規矩 / 大家规矩
- 大規模 / 大规模 (dàguīmó)
- 子規 / 子规 (zǐguī)
- 學規 / 学规
- 宏規 / 宏规
- 定規 / 定规 (dìngguī)
- 官規 / 官规 (guānguī)
- 家規 / 家规 (jiāguī)
- 常規 / 常规 (chángguī)
- 常規戰爭 / 常规战争 (chángguī zhànzhēng)
- 常規武器 / 常规武器 (chángguī wǔqì)
- 建築法規 / 建筑法规
- 弟子規 / 弟子规
- 循規蹈矩 / 循规蹈矩 (xúnguīdǎojǔ)
- 應規蹈矩 / 应规蹈矩
- 成規 / 成规 (chéngguī)
- 投手犯規 / 投手犯规
- 技術犯規 / 技术犯规
- 擬規畫圓 / 拟规画圆
- 教規 / 教规 (jiàoguī)
- 明文規定 / 明文规定 (míngwénguīdìng)
- 會規 / 会规
- 服務規程 / 服务规程
- 校規 / 校规 (xiàoguī)
- 條規 / 条规 (tiáoguī)
- 棚規 / 棚规
- 橢圓規 / 椭圆规
- 正規 / 正规 (zhèngguī)
- 正規軍 / 正规军 (zhèngguījūn)
- 死規矩兒 / 死规矩儿
- 沒規沒矩 / 没规没矩
- 沒規矩 / 没规矩
- 法規 / 法规 (fǎguī)
- 洪規 / 洪规
- 清規 / 清规 (qīngguī)
- 清規戒律 / 清规戒律
- 犯規 / 犯规 (fànguī)
- 疊矩重規 / 叠矩重规
- 百丈清規 / 百丈清规
- 直角規 / 直角规
- 硬性規定 / 硬性规定
- 社會規範 / 社会规范 (shèhuì guīfàn)
- 程式規劃 / 程式规划
- 立規矩 / 立规矩
- 箴規 / 箴规
- 線性規劃 / 线性规划 (xiànxìngguīhuà)
- 老規矩 / 老规矩 (lǎoguījǔ)
- 舊規 / 旧规
- 芳規 / 芳规
- 蕭規曹隨 / 萧规曹随 (xiāoguīcáosuí)
- 行規 / 行规 (hángguī)
- 規例 / 规例 (guīlì)
- 規利 / 规利
- 規制 / 规制 (guīzhì)
- 規則 / 规则 (guīzé)
- 規劃 / 规划 (guīhuà)
- 規勸 / 规劝 (guīquàn)
- 規圓矩方 / 规圆矩方
- 規外行動 / 规外行动
- 規定 / 规定 (guīdìng)
- 規定動作 / 规定动作
- 規定地價 / 规定地价
- 規尺 / 规尺
- 規度 / 规度
- 規彠 / 规彟
- 規律 / 规律 (guīlǜ)
- 規律性 / 规律性 (guīlǜxìng)
- 規復 / 规复 (guīfù)
- 規戒 / 规戒 (guījiè)
- 規整 / 规整 (guīzhěng)
- 規格 / 规格 (guīgé)
- 規條 / 规条 (guītiáo)
- 規模 / 规模 (guīmó)
- 規模經濟 / 规模经济 (guīmó jīngjì)
- 規模遠舉 / 规模远举
- 規正 / 规正
- 規求 / 规求
- 規略 / 规略
- 規畫 / 规画 (guīhuà)
- 規矩 / 规矩 (guījǔ)
- 規矩準繩 / 规矩准绳
- 規矩繩墨 / 规矩绳墨
- 規矩鉤繩 / 规矩钩绳
- 規矱 / 规矱
- 規程 / 规程 (guīchéng)
- 規範 / 规范 (guīfàn)
- 規範化 / 规范化 (guīfànhuà)
- 規範學 / 规范学
- 規約 / 规约 (guīyuē)
- 規繩 / 规绳
- 規行矩止 / 规行矩止
- 規行矩步 / 规行矩步
- 規行距步 / 规行距步
- 規規 / 规规
- 規規矩矩 / 规规矩矩
- 規言矩步 / 规言矩步
- 規語 / 规语
- 規談 / 规谈
- 規諷 / 规讽
- 規諫 / 规谏 (guījiàn)
- 規謀 / 规谋
- 規費 / 规费 (guīfèi)
- 規避 / 规避 (guībì)
- 規那 / 规那 (guīnà)
- 規重矩疊 / 规重矩叠
- 規鏡 / 规镜
- 規院 / 规院
- 規章 / 规章 (guīzhāng)
- 議事規則 / 议事规则
- 蹈矩循規 / 蹈矩循规
- 蹈規循矩 / 蹈规循矩
- 遊戲規則 / 游戏规则 (yóuxì guīzé)
- 違規 / 违规 (wéiguī)
- 重規疊矩 / 重规叠矩
- 重規累矩 / 重规累矩
- 重規襲矩 / 重规袭矩
- 鋪規 / 铺规
- 門規 / 门规
- 陋規 / 陋规 (lòuguī)
- 陳規 / 陈规 (chénguī)
- 陳規陋習 / 陈规陋习 (chénguīlòuxí)
- 雲形定規 / 云形定规
- 高曾規矩 / 高曾规矩
- 墨守成規 / 墨守成规 (mòshǒuchéngguī)
- 墨水規 / 墨水规
Etymology 2
| trad. | 規 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 规 | |
| alternative forms | 歸／归 幾／几 | |
Fuehrer and Yang (2014) propose that it derives from 幾 (OC *kɯl, “almost”).
Pronunciation
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûi
- Hakka Romanization System: guiˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gui1
- Sinological IPA: /ku̯i²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kui
- Tâi-lô: kui
- Phofsit Daibuun: kuy
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kui⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kui³³/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kui⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /kui⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kui⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gui1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kui
- Sinological IPA (key): /kui³³/
- (Hokkien)
Definitions
規
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 整 (“whole; entire”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 整 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 整 |
| Malaysia | 整 | |
| Singapore | 整 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 成, 冚 |
| Hong Kong | 成, 冚 | |
| Taishan | 成 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 成, 冚 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 完 |
| Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 成, 完 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 規, 完 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 規 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 規, 完 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 規, 完 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 規, 完 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 規 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 規, 規圇, 交圇 |
| Xiamen (Tong'an) | 規, 規圇, 交圇 | |
| Quanzhou | 規, 交圇 | |
| Zhangzhou | 規, 規尼, 間尼, 交圇 | |
| Tainan | 規 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 規 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 規 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 規 | |
| Chaozhou | 夠, 咸, 交圇 | |
| Jieyang | 夠, 咸 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 夠 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 成 |
Compounds
Etymology 3
| trad. | 規 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 规 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: guì
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guèi
- Wade–Giles: kuei4
- Yale: gwèi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guey
- Palladius: гуй (guj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
規
- only used in 規規／规规 (guìguì)
Etymology 4
| trad. | 規 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 规 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xù
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄩˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: syù
- Wade–Giles: hsü4
- Yale: syù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuh
- Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕy⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
規
- (historical dictionaries only) alternative form of 瞁 (xù)
References
- “規”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
規
Readings
- Go-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
- Kun: のり (nori, 規)、ぶんまわし (bunmawashi)、ただす (tadasu, 規す)
- Nanori: すのり (sunori)、のり (nori)、ただし (tadashi)
Compounds
Noun
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 規 |
| のり Grade: 5 |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 規 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 規, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
- “△規”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
Hanja
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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