計算

See also: 计算

Chinese

	to calculate; to compute; to count to calculate; to compute; to count; reckon; ruse; to plan	regard as; to figure; to calculate regard as; to figure; to calculate; to compute
trad. (計算)	計	算
simp. (计算)	计	算
anagram	算計／算计

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jìsuàn

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ ㄙㄨㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gai³ syun³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kie-son / ki-son

(Hailu, HRS): gie^ˇ son^ˇ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ge⁴ suang⁴ / ge⁴ suong⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kè-sǹg / kè-sùiⁿ / kè-soàn

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jìsuàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ ㄙㄨㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jìsuàn
  - Wade–Giles: chi⁴-suan⁴
  - Yale: jì-swàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jihsuann
  - Palladius: цзисуань (czisuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯än⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gai³ syun³
  - Yale: gai syun
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gai³ syn³
  - Guangdong Romanization: gei³ xun³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐi̯³³ syːn³³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kie-son
  - Hakka Romanization System: gie son
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gie⁴ son⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯e⁵⁵ son⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ki-son
  - Hakka Romanization System: gi son
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gi⁴ son⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ki⁵⁵ son⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: gie^ˇ son^ˇ
  - Sinological IPA: /kie¹¹ son¹¹/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ge⁴ suang⁴ [Phonetic: ge¹ luang⁴]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ga̤̍-sua̍ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ke⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(ɬ-)luaŋ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ge⁴ suong⁴ [Phonetic: ge¹ luong⁴]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ke⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(ɬ-)luoŋ⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kè-sǹg
  - Tâi-lô: kè-sǹg
  - Phofsit Daibuun: keasngx
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ke⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ke²¹⁻⁴¹ sŋ̍²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ke¹¹⁻⁵³ sŋ̍¹¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ke²¹⁻⁵³ sŋ̍²¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kè-sùiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kè-suìnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: keasvuix
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ke²¹⁻⁵³ suĩ²¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kè-soàn
  - Tâi-lô: kè-suàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: keasoaxn
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ke¹¹⁻⁵³ suan¹¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ke²¹⁻⁴¹ suan²¹/

Verb

計算

(mathematics, computing) to calculate; to compute
計算方法／计算方法 ― jìsuàn fāngfǎ ― computational methods

並行計算／并行计算 ― bìngxíng jìsuàn ― parallel computing

天氣預報裡雪的厚度是怎麼計算的？ [MSC, trad.]
天气预报里雪的厚度是怎么计算的？ [MSC, simp.]
Tiānqì yùbào lǐ xuě de hòudù shì zěnme jìsuàn de? [Pinyin]
How is the thickness of snow calculated in weather forecasts?
to consider
to plan; to scheme; to plot

Synonyms

(to calculate):

edit

合算 (hésuàn)
推算 (tuīsuàn)
摟 / 搂 (lōu) (regional, figurative)
會計 / 会计 (kuàijì) (Classical Chinese)
核算 (hésuàn)
核計 / 核计 (héjì)
算計 / 算计 (suànjì)
計量 / 计量

Dialectal synonyms of 算 (“to calculate”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		算, 計算, 計數
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	算
	Malaysia	算
	Singapore	算
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	算
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	算
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	算
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	算
Southwestern Mandarin	Guilin	算
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	算
Cantonese	Guangzhou	計
	Hong Kong	計
	Taishan	計
	Dongguan	計
	Singapore (Guangfu)	計
Gan	Nanchang	算
Gan	Lichuan	算
Hakka	Meixian	算
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	算
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	算
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	算
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	算
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	算
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	算
	Kuching (Hepo)	算
Huizhou	Jixi	算
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	算
Southern Min	Tainan	算
	Singapore (Hokkien)	算
	Shantou	算
	Singapore (Teochew)	算
Wu	Shanghai	算
Wu	Jinhua	算

(to consider):

edit

冥思 (míngsī)
冥想 (míngxiǎng)
品味 (pǐnwèi)
尋味 / 寻味 (xúnwèi)
尋思 / 寻思
忖度 (cǔnduó)
念 (niàn)
思 (literary, or in compounds)
思忖 (sīcǔn)
思想 (sīxiǎng)
思慮 / 思虑 (sīlǜ)
思索 (sīsuǒ)
思維 / 思维 (sīwéi)
思考 (sīkǎo)
思裁 (si¹ cai²) (Sichuanese)
思量 (sīliáng)
慎思 (shènsī)
掂掇 (diānduo) (colloquial)
推敲 (tuīqiāo)
掂量 (diānliáng)
揣摩 (chuǎimó)
斟酌 (zhēnzhuó) (figuratively)
權衡 / 权衡 (quánhéng)
沉思 (chénsī)
深思 (shēnsī)
照顧 / 照顾 (zhàogù)
玩味 (wánwèi)
玩弄 (Classical Chinese)
琢磨 (zuómo)
算度 (syun³ dok⁶) (Cantonese)
算計 / 算计 (suànjì)
考慮 / 考虑 (kǎolǜ)
考量 (kǎoliáng)
苦思 (kǔsī)
著想 / 着想 (zhuóxiǎng)
衡量 (héngliáng)
計較 / 计较
設想 / 设想 (shèxiǎng)
顧全 / 顾全 (gùquán)
顧及 / 顾及 (gùjí)

(to plan):

edit

作計 / 作计 (zuòjì) (literary)
打算 (dǎsuàn)
拍算 (phah-sǹg) (Hokkien, Teochew)
拍達 / 拍达 (Xiamen Hokkien)
按算 (Hokkien)
擬 / 拟 (nǐ)
派胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
準備 / 准备 (zhǔnbèi)
營為 / 营为 (Hokkien)
盤算 / 盘算
策劃 / 策划 (cèhuà)
策動 / 策动 (cèdòng)
算 (suàn)
算打 (sáung-dā) (Eastern Min)
算計 / 算计 (suànjì)
籌劃 / 筹划 (chóuhuà)
考慮 / 考虑 (kǎolǜ)
規 / 规 (literary, or in compounds)
規劃 / 规划 (guīhuà)
計劃 / 计划 (jìhuà)
設 / 设 (shè)
設施 / 设施 (shèshī) (literary)
試圖 / 试图 (shìtú)
謀劃 / 谋划 (móuhuà)

Derived terms

分佈式計算 / 分布式计算 (fēnbùshì jìsuàn)
計算化學 / 计算化学 (jìsuàn huàxué)
計算器 / 计算器 (jìsuànqì)
計算尺 / 计算尺 (jìsuànchǐ)
計算機 / 计算机 (jìsuànjī)
超級計算 / 超级计算 (chāojí jìsuàn)
量子計算 / 量子计算 (liàngzǐ jìsuàn)
雲計算 / 云计算 (yúnjìsuàn)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
計	算
けい Grade: 2	さん Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) けーさん [kèésáń] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [ke̞ːsã̠ɴ]

Noun

計(けい)算(さん) • (keisan)

Derived terms

Verb

計(けい)算(さん)する • (keisan suru) transitive suru (stem 計(けい)算(さん)し (keisan shi), past 計(けい)算(さん)した (keisan shita))

to calculate
- 2022 March 17, 山添拓, quotee, “第208回国会　参議院　予算委員会　第14号　令和4年3月17日”, in 国会会議録検索システム‎^[1], 国立国会図書館:
  財務省は、帳簿方式で消費税を計算しているのは日本だけだと説明されます。
  Zaimu-shō wa, chōbo hōshiki de shōhi-zei o keisan shite iru no wa Nihon dake da to setsumei sare-masu.
  The Ministry of Finance explains that Japan is the only country that calculates consumption tax using the bookkeeping method.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "計算する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	計算し	けいさんし	keisan shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	計算し	けいさんし	keisan shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	計算する	けいさんする	keisan suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	計算する	けいさんする	keisan suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	計算すれ	けいさんすれ	keisan sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	計算せよ¹ 計算しろ²	けいさんせよ¹ けいさんしろ²	keisan seyo¹ keisan shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	計算される	けいさんされる	keisan sareru
Causative	計算させる計算さす	けいさんさせるけいさんさす	keisan saseru keisan sasu
Potential	計算できる	けいさんできる	keisan dekiru
Volitional	計算しよう	けいさんしよう	keisan shiyō
Negative	計算しない	けいさんしない	keisan shinai
Negative continuative	計算せず	けいさんせず	keisan sezu
Formal	計算します	けいさんします	keisan shimasu
Perfective	計算した	けいさんした	keisan shita
Conjunctive	計算して	けいさんして	keisan shite
Hypothetical conditional	計算すれば	けいさんすれば	keisan sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“計算”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
計	算

Noun

計算 • (gyesan) (hangeul 계산)

hanja form^? of 계산 (“calculation”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
計	算

Noun

計算

chữ Hán form of kế toán (“accounting”)