वृ

See also: ब, बा, बू, बे-, बॖ, -व, व, वे, वै, and ॿ

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts
  • ৱৃ (Assamese script)
  • ᬯᬺ (Balinese script)
  • বৃ (Bengali script)
  • 𑰪𑰴 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀯𑀾 (Brahmi script)
  • ဝၖ (Burmese script)
  • વૃ (Gujarati script)
  • ਵ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌵𑍃 (Grantha script)
  • ꦮꦽ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂫𑃂 (Kaithi script)
  • ವೃ (Kannada script)
  • វ្ឫ (Khmer script)
  • ວ຺ຣິ (Lao script)
  • വൃ (Malayalam script)
  • ᠸᡵᡳ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘪𑘵 (Modi script)
  • ᠸᠷᠢ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑧊𑧖 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐰𑐺 (Newa script)
  • ଵୃ (Odia script)
  • ꢮꢺ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆮𑆸 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖪𑖴 (Siddham script)
  • වෘ (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩾𑩙 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚦 (Takri script)
  • வ்ரி (Tamil script)
  • వృ (Telugu script)
  • วฺฤ (Thai script)
  • ཝྲྀ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒫𑒵 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨭𑨼𑨉 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

    Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, to want”). Cognate with Latin volo (“to wish, want”), English will.[1]

    Alternative forms

    Root

    वृ • (vṛ)

    1. to choose, select
    2. to ask a person for or on behalf of
    3. to solicit anything from
    4. to like, love well
    Derived terms
    Primary verbal forms
    • वृ॒णी॒ते (vṛṇīté, present)
    • वृणाति (vṛṇāti, present)
    • वृणोति (vṛṇoti, present)
    • वरिष्यते (variṣyate, future)
    • व॒रि॒ता (varitā́, periphrastic future)
    • अव्रि॑ (ávri, aorist)
    • अवृ॑त (ávṛta, aorist)
    • अवृ॑षि (ávṛṣi, aorist)
    • अव॑रिष्ट (ávariṣṭa, aorist)
    • व॒व्रे (vavré, perfect)
    Secondary forms
    • व्रियते (vriyate, passive)
    • वरयति (varayati, causative)
    • वारयति (vārayati, causative)
    • वर्यते (varyate, passive of causative)
    • विवरिषति (vivariṣati, desiderative)
    • वेवृयते (vevṛyate, intensive)
    Non-finite forms
    • वृ॒त (vṛtá, past participle)
    • वरितुम् (varitum, infinitive)
    • वरित्वा (varitvā, gerund)
    • वृत्वा (vṛtvā, gerund)
    • वर्य (varya, gerundive)
    • वार्य (vārya, gerundive)
    • वरणीय (varaṇīya, gerundive)
    Derived nominal forms
    Sanskrit terms belonging to the root वृ (choose) (0 c, 2 e)
    Terms derived from the Sanskrit root वृ (choose) (1 c, 0 e)

    References

    1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “VAR1”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 511

    Further reading


    Etymology 2

      From Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer- (“to cover”), and related to Latin operiō (“to cover, shut”), Lithuanian suvérti (“to shut”).[1]

      Older theories derived the root from Proto-Indo-Aryan *war-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *war-, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to cover, envelop”), and connected the root to Scottish Gaelic fearann (“estate, land”), Avestan 𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬛𐬥𐬁 (uardnā, “cover, envelope”). Other theories connected the root to Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, coil”).[2] These two Indo-European roots may have semantically influenced and merged with the Sanskrit (though Mayrhofer and Rix seem to reconstruct the *welH- as *wel- instead).[3]

      Alternative forms

      Root

      वृ • (vṛ)

      1. to cover, screen, veil, conceal, hide, surround, obstruct
      2. to close (a door)
      3. to ward off, check, keep back, prevent, hinder, restrain
      Derived terms
      Primary verbal forms
      • वृ॒णोति॑ (vṛṇóti, present)
      • ऊ॒र्णोति॑ (ūrṇóti, present)
      • वर॑ति (várati, present)
      • वृणाति (vṛṇāti, present)
      • वरीष्यति (varīṣyati, future)
      • वरीता (varītā, periphrastic future)
      • अव॑र् (ávar, aorist)
      • अवा॑रीत् (ávārīt, aorist)
      • व्रियात् (vriyāt, benedictive)
      • व॒वार॑ (vavā́ra, perfect)
      Secondary forms
      • व्रियते (vriyate, passive)
      • अवा॑रि (ávāri, passive aorist)
      • वा॒रय॑ति (vāráyati, causative)
      • अवी॑वरत् (ávīvarat, causative aorist)
      • वार्यते (vāryate, passive of causative)
      • विवारयिषते (vivārayiṣate, desiderative of causative)
      • वरी॑वर्ति (várīvarti, intensive)
      Non-finite forms
      • वृ॒त (vṛtá, past participle)
      • वर्तुम् (vartum, infinitive)
      • वर्त॑वे (vártave, infinitive)
      • वृ॒त्वा (vṛtvā́, gerund)
      • वृ॒त्वी (vṛtvī́, gerund)
      • वृ॒त्वाय॑ (vṛtvā́ya, gerund)
      • वृत्य॑ (vṛ́tya, gerund)
      • वरणीय (varaṇīya, gerundive)
      • वारित (vārita, causative past participle)
      • वार्य (vārya, causative gerundive)
      • वारणीय (vāraṇīya, causative gerundive)
      • वारयितव्य (vārayitavya, causative gerundive)
      • विवारयिषु (vivārayiṣu, desiderative participle of causative)
      Derived nominal forms
      Prefixed root forms
      • अपवृ (apavṛ)
      • अभिवृ (abhivṛ)
      • आवृ (āvṛ)
      • परिवृ (parivṛ)
      • प्रवृ (pravṛ)
      • विवृ (vivṛ)
      • संवृ (saṃvṛ)
      Sanskrit terms belonging to the root वृ (2 c, 14 e)
      Terms derived from the Sanskrit root वृ (19 c, 0 e)

      References

      1. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “var”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 555
      2. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “VAR2”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 512
      3. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 228: “Im Ved. ist *Hu̯er- mit l .*u̯el- 'einschließen' und 1 .*u̯er- 'aufhalten, wehren' zusammengefallen;”

      Further reading

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