Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welh₁-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wel-, Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welH-, and Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welh₃-
This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

    Root

    *welh₁- (imperfective)[1][2][3]

    1. to choose
    2. to want

    Derived terms

    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *welh₁- (32 c, 0 e)
    • *wélh₁-t ~ *wl̥h₁-ént (athematic root aorist)[3]
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
          • Vedic Sanskrit: अव्रि (avri, 1sg.aor.mid.) (to be read as avuri)
        • Proto-Iranian:
          • Old Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬁 (varətā)
    • *wḗlh₁-ti ~ *wélh₁-n̥ti (Narten present)[3] or *wélh₁-ti ~ *wl̥h₁-énti (athematic root present)[2]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Germanic: *wiljaną (from optative) (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Italic: *welō (see there for further descendants)
    • *wélh₁-ye-ti (ye-present)
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic:[4]
        • Lithuanian: vi̇̀ltis (“to hope”)
        • Latvian: vil̂t (“to mislead”)
        • Old Prussian: prawilts (“betrayed”)
    • *wl̥h₁-yé-ti (ye-present)
      • Proto-Hellenic:
        • Ancient Greek: λῶ (lô, “to wish”)
    • *wl̥-n-h₁-tóy (middle voice nasal infix present)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥nHtáy
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥nHtáy
        • Proto-Iranian: *wr̥nHtáy
          • Old Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬉 (vərəṇtē, “to choose”)
    • *wolh₁-éye-ti (causative)
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *walīˀtei
      • Proto-Germanic: *waljaną (see there for further descendants)
    • *wolh₁-o-s
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáras
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáras
          • Sanskrit: वर (vára, “wish, desire”)
      • Proto-Germanic: *walō (< *wolh₁-eh₂)
        • Old High German: wala
    Unsorted formations
    • Proto-Albanian: *walā
      • Albanian: vallë (“maybe, wishfully”)
    • Old Armenian: գեղձ (gełj)
    • Proto-Slavic: *velěti (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Celtic: *wellos (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Celtic: *wlidā (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Germanic: *wela (see there for further descendants)

    References

    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “volō, velle”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 687
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*weljan- 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 578
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 677-678
    4. ^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007), “viltis”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language]‎[2] (in Polish), Vilnius: Vilnius University

    Further reading

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