जन्

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

जा (jā)

Alternative scripts

জন্ (Assamese script)
ᬚᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
জন্ (Bengali script)
𑰕𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀚𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
ဇန် (Burmese script)
જન્ (Gujarati script)
ਜਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌜𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦗꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
𑂔𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ಜೝ (Kannada script)
ជន៑ (Khmer script)
ຊນ຺ (Lao script)
ജന് (Malayalam script)
ᡯᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
𑘕𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
ᠽᠠᠨ (Mongolian script)
𑦵𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐖𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
ଜନ୍ (Odia script)
ꢙꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆘𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖕𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
ජන් (Sinhalese script)
𑩣𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚑𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
ஜந் (Tamil script)
జౝ (Telugu script)
ชนฺ (Thai script)
ཛ་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒖𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨥𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget”). Compare Latin gignō, genus, Ancient Greek γίγνομαι (gígnomai), English kind.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐn/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐn̪/

Root

जन् • (jan)

(Class 1) to generate, beget, produce, create, cause.
(Class 4) to be born or produced, come into existence.

Derived terms

Primary verbal forms

जाय॑ते (jā́yate, present)
जन॑ति (jánati, present)
ज॒जन्ति॑ (jajánti, present)
ज॒नि॒ष्यते॑ (janiṣyáte, future)
ज॒नि॒ता (janitā́, periphrastic future)
अज॑निष्ट (ájaniṣṭa, aorist)
अज॑न्त (ájanta, aorist)
जायात् (jāyāt, benedictive)
ज॒ज्ञे (jajñé, perfect)
ज॒जान॑ (jajā́na, perfect)

Secondary forms

ज॒न्यते॑ (janyáte, passive)
अज॑नि (ájani, passive aorist)
ज॒नय॑ति (janáyati, causative)
अजी॑जनत् (ájījanat, causative aorist)
जिजनिषति (jijaniṣati, desiderative)
जिजनयिषति (jijanayiṣati, desiderative of causative)
जञ्जन्यते (jañjanyate, intensive)
जाजायते (jājāyate, intensive)

Non-finite forms

जा॒त (jātá, past participle)
जनि॑तुम् (jánitum, infinitive)
जनि॑तोस् (jánitos, infinitive)
ज॒नि॒त्वा (janitvā́, gerund)
ज॒नि॒त्वी (janitvī́, gerund)
ज॒नि॒त॒व्य॑ (janitavyà, gerundive)
जनि॑त्व (jánitva, gerundive)
जन्त्व॑ (jántva, gerundive)
जनयितव्य (janayitavya, causative gerundive)

Derived nominal forms

आजान (ājā́na, “birth, descent, birthplace”)
आजानि (ājā́ni, “birth, descent”)
जन (jána, “person, people, race; generating”)
जनक (janaká, “progenitor”)
ज (já, “son of; father; birth”)
जा (jā́, “race, tribe”)
जास् (jā́s, “offspring”)
जाति (jāti, “birth, family, species, breed”)
जात (jātá, “son; birth; origin; race; genus”)
जान (jā́na, “birth, origin, birthplace”)
जानि (jā́ni, “birth, descent”)
जनि (jáni, “birth, production, birthplace”)
जनी (jánī, “birth, birthplace; daughter-in-law”)
जन्तु (jantú, “offspring, kinsman”)
जन्यु (janyu, “birth, creature”)
जन्य (jánya, “people, community, nation”)
जनुस् (janús, janū́s, “birth, production, descent, nativity; genus, class, kind”)
जनुषा (januṣā, “necessarily, essentially, originally, by birth”)
जनू (janū́, “birth, descent”)
जनु (janu, “soul”)
जेन्य (jénya, “of noble origin; genuine”)
जातु (jā́tu, jātú, “at all, ever, perhaps”)
जात्य (jā́tya, “legitimate; of a good family”)
जनता (janátā, “people, folk; generation”)
जनन (jánana, “progenitor, production, birth, race”)
जज्ञि (jájñi, “germinating, shooting; seed”)
जन्मिन् (janmin, “creature”)
जानुका (jā́nukā, “bringing forth; woman”)
जानपद (jā́napada, “inhabitant of a country, subject”)
जनपद (janapadá, “community, nation, people; empire”)
जना (janā, “birth, origin”)
जननी (jananī, “mother”)
जनितृ (janitṛ́, jánitṛ, “progenitor”)
जनित्र (janítra, “home, origin, birthplace”)
जनिमन् (jániman, “generation, birth, origin; offspring; creature; genus”)
जन्म (janmá, “birth”)
जन्मन् (jánman, “production, existence, nativity”)
जाया (jāyā́, “bringing forth; wife”)
जास्पति (jā́spáti, jā́spati, “head of a family”)
जावन् (jā́van, “born, produced”)

Prefixed root forms

अधिजन् (adhijan)
अनुजन् (anujan)
अभिजन् (abhijan)
आजन् (ājan)
उज्जन् (ujjan)
उपजन् (upajan)
प्रजन् (prajan)
विजन् (vijan)
संजन् (saṃjan)

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root जन् (0 c, 21 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root जन् (18 c, 0 e)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “जन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 410, column 1.
William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 52

Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “jan”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 567-8