choćby

Polish

Etymology

    From choć + -by. First attested in 1549.[1] Compare Kashubian chòcbë, and Silesian choćby.

    Pronunciation

     
    • IPA(key): /ˈxɔd͡ʑ.bɘ/
    • Audio 1:(file)
    • Audio 2:(file)
    • Rhymes: -ɔd͡ʑbɘ
    • Syllabification: choć‧by

    Conjunction

    choćby

    1. (unreal conditional) even if; so much as
      Synonyms: choć, chociaż, chociażby, nawet gdyby
      Near-synonyms: jakkolwiek, żeby
    2. denotes a lack of preference with a choice; either … or

    Usage notes

    Combined forms for this word are uncommon and often formed for stylization.

    Declension

    Particle

    choćby

    1. if only
      Synonyms: choć, chociaż, chociażby, przynajmniej
      Synonym: bodaj
    2. for example, say
      Synonyms: bodaj, bodajby, chociażby, na przykład
    3. (Middle Polish) even (in reality; implying an extreme example in the case mentioned, as compared to the implied reality)
      Synonym: nawet
    conjunction
    noun

    Trivia

    According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), choćby is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 22 times in scientific texts, 9 times in news, 22 times in essays, 40 times in fiction, and 30 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 123 times, making it the 982nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]

    References

    1. ^ Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “choćby”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
    2. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “choćby”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 47

    Further reading

    Silesian

    Etymology

      From choć + -by. Compare Polish choćby.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ˈxɔd͡ʑ.bɪ/
      • Audio:(file)
      • Rhymes: -ɔd͡ʑbɪ
      • Syllabification: choć‧by

      Particle

      choćby

      1. as if
        Synonyms: choby, jakby

      Conjunction

      choćby

      1. (unreal conditional) if
        Synonym: choby

      Declension

      Combined forms of choćby
      singular plural
      1st person choćbych choćbychmy
      2nd person choćbyś choćbyście
      3rd person choćby choćby

      Further reading

      • choćby in silling.org
      • Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022), “cho(ć)by”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 68