Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xvatiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Causative counterpart to *xvatъ (“grip”) +‎ *-iti, the former component of unclear further origin:

For the ultimate origin, Bičovský proposes Proto-Indo-European *skweh₂t- (“to snatch quickly”) (with zero-grade *skuh₂t-).^[1] (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Proposed cognates under this theory?”)
Alternatively, ESSJa espouses a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“self”), with sense development "to take for oneself" > "to grasp, grab".^[2]

Verb

*xvatiti^[3]

to grasp, to grab, to catch

Inflection

Conjugation of *xvatiti, *xvati, *xvatitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*xvaťenьje	*xvatiti	*xvatitъ	*xvatilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*xvaťenъ	*xvatimъ
Active	*xvaťь	*xvatę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*xvatixъ	*xvati	*xvati	*xvaťǫ	*xvatiši	*xvatitь
Dual	*xvatixově	*xvatista	*xvatiste	*xvativě	*xvatita	*xvatite
Plural	*xvatixomъ	*xvatiste	*xvatišę	*xvatimъ	*xvatite	*xvatętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*xvaťaaxъ	*xvaťaaše	*xvaťaaše	—	*xvati	*xvati
Dual	*xvaťaaxově	*xvaťaašeta	*xvaťaašete	*xvativě	*xvatita	—
Plural	*xvaťaaxomъ	*xvaťaašete	*xvaťaaxǫ	*xvatimъ	*xvatite	—

(*)*xvativъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

*xvatati
*xytiti (“to snatch”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: хватити (xvatiti)
  - Old Ruthenian: хвати́ти (xvatíti)
    - Belarusian: хваці́ць (xvacícʹ)
    - Ukrainian: хвати́ти (xvatýty)
  - Russian: хвати́ть (xvatítʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: хватити (xvatiti)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱈⰲⰰⱅⰺⱅⰺ (xvatiti)
- Bulgarian: хва́щам (hváštam), хва́тя (hvátja) (obsolete, dialectal)
- Macedonian: фати (fati)
- Slovene: hvátiti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: chvátit (literary)
- Polish: chwacić (obsolete)
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: khwóćić
  - Lower Sorbian: chwaśyś (obsolete)

References

^ Bičovský, Jan (2016): Initial *x- in Slavic revisited
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xvatati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 123
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*хvаtiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 123