思考

Chinese

		to think; to consider	to check; to verify; to test to check; to verify; to test; to examine
simp. and trad. (思考)		思	考

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sīkǎo

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄎㄠˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): si¹ haau²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̂-kháu
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): su-khó / sir-khóⁿ / si-khóⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): se¹ kao²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sīkǎo
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄎㄠˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sihkǎo
  - Wade–Giles: ssŭ¹-kʻao³
  - Yale: sz̄-kǎu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sykao
  - Palladius: сыкао (sykao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: si¹ haau²
  - Yale: sī háau
  - Cantonese Pinyin: si¹ haau²
  - Guangdong Romanization: xi¹ hao²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː⁵⁵ haːu̯³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̂-kháu
  - Hakka Romanization System: sii^ˊ kau^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: si¹ kau³
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨ²⁴ kʰau̯³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su-khó
  - Tâi-lô: su-khó
  - Phofsit Daibuun: su'qoir
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /su⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰo⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /su⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɤ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sir-khóⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: sir-khónn
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ³³ kʰɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si-khóⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: si-khónn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: si'qvor
  - Sinological IPA (Jinjiang): /si³³ kʰɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: se¹ kao²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sṳ kháu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɯ³³⁻²³ kʰau⁵²/

Verb

思考

to think over; to think about; to ponder on
你們應該認真地思考這個問題。 [MSC, trad.]
你们应该认真地思考这个问题。 [MSC, simp.]
Nǐmen yīnggāi rènzhēn de sīkǎo zhège wèntí. [Pinyin]
You should all think about this issue seriously.

我打算利用這個時間好好梳理一下自己的思想，思考一些問題。 [MSC, trad.]
我打算利用这个时间好好梳理一下自己的思想，思考一些问题。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒ dǎsuàn lìyòng zhège shíjiān hǎohǎo shūlǐ yīxià zìjǐ de sīxiǎng, sīkǎo yīxiē wèntí. [Pinyin]
I plan to use this time to sort out my thoughts and think about some problems.

Synonyms

edit

冥思 (míngsī)
冥想 (míngxiǎng)
品味 (pǐnwèi)
尋味 / 寻味 (xúnwèi)
尋思 / 寻思
忖度 (cǔnduó)
念 (niàn)
思 (literary, or in compounds)
思忖 (sīcǔn)
思想 (sīxiǎng)
思慮 / 思虑 (sīlǜ)
思索 (sīsuǒ)
思維 / 思维 (sīwéi)
思裁 (si¹ cai²) (Sichuanese)
思量 (sīliáng)
慎思 (shènsī)
掂掇 (diānduo) (colloquial)
推敲 (tuīqiāo)
掂量 (diānliáng)
揣摩 (chuǎimó)
斟酌 (zhēnzhuó) (figuratively)
權衡 / 权衡 (quánhéng)
沉思 (chénsī)
深思 (shēnsī)
照顧 / 照顾 (zhàogù)
玩味 (wánwèi)
玩弄 (Classical Chinese)
琢磨 (zuómo)
算度 (syun³ dok⁶) (Cantonese)
算計 / 算计 (suànjì)
考慮 / 考虑 (kǎolǜ)
考量 (kǎoliáng)
苦思 (kǔsī)
著想 / 着想 (zhuóxiǎng)
衡量 (héngliáng)
計算 / 计算 (jìsuàn)
計較 / 计较
設想 / 设想 (shèxiǎng)
顧全 / 顾全 (gùquán)
顧及 / 顾及 (gùjí)

Derived terms

思考題 / 思考题 (sīkǎotí)
換位思考 / 换位思考 (huànwèi sīkǎo)
水平思考 (shuǐpíng sīkǎo)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
思	考
し Grade: 2	こう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しこー [shìkóó] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [ɕi̥ko̞ː]

Noun

思(し)考(こう) • (shikō) ^{←しかう (sikau)^?}

thinking; thought process; a train of thought
- 2016 July 22, “エムラクールの囁(ささや)き [Whispers of Emrakul]”, in 異界月 [Eldritch Moon], Wizards of the Coast:
  
  あなたの思(し)考(こう)は、あなたのものではなくなっている。
  Anata no shikō wa, anata no mono de wa nakunatteiru.
  Your thoughts are no longer your own.

Derived terms

Compounds

思(し)考(こう)実(じっ)験(けん) (shikō jikken)
思(し)考(こう)障(しょう)害(がい) (shikō shōgai)
思(し)考(こう)の原(げん)理(り) (shikō no genri)
思(し)考(こう)力(りょく) (shikōryoku)
垂(すい)直(ちょく)思(し)考(こう) (suichoku shikō)
水(すい)平(へい)思(し)考(こう) (suihei shikō, “lateral thinking”)
生産的(せいさんてき)思(し)考(こう) (seisanteki shikō)
マイナス思(し)考(こう) (mainasu shikō)

Verb

思(し)考(こう)する • (shikō suru) ^{←しかう (sikau)^?}suru (stem 思(し)考(こう)し (shikō shi), past 思(し)考(こう)した (shikō shita))

to think

Conjugation

Conjugation of "思考する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	思考し	しこうし	shikō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	思考し	しこうし	shikō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	思考する	しこうする	shikō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	思考する	しこうする	shikō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	思考すれ	しこうすれ	shikō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	思考せよ¹ 思考しろ²	しこうせよ¹ しこうしろ²	shikō seyo¹ shikō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	思考される	しこうされる	shikō sareru
Causative	思考させる思考さす	しこうさせるしこうさす	shikō saseru shikō sasu
Potential	思考できる	しこうできる	shikō dekiru
Volitional	思考しよう	しこうしよう	shikō shiyō
Negative	思考しない	しこうしない	shikō shinai
Negative continuative	思考せず	しこうせず	shikō sezu
Formal	思考します	しこうします	shikō shimasu
Perfective	思考した	しこうした	shikō shita
Conjunctive	思考して	しこうして	shikō shite
Hypothetical conditional	思考すれば	しこうすれば	shikō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“思考”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026