痛心
Chinese
| ache; pain; sorrow | heart; mind | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (痛心) |
痛 | 心 | |
| anagram | 心痛 | ||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: tòngxīn
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tòngsin
- Wade–Giles: tʻung4-hsin1
- Yale: tùng-syīn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tonqshin
- Palladius: тунсинь (tunsinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰʊŋ⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: tung3 sam1
- Yale: tung sām
- Cantonese Pinyin: tung3 sam1
- Guangdong Romanization: tung3 sem1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰʊŋ³³ sɐm⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thung-sîm
- Hakka Romanization System: tung ximˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: tung4 xim1
- Sinological IPA: /tʰuŋ⁵⁵ sim²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòng-sim
- Tâi-lô: thòng-sim
- Phofsit Daibuun: torngsym
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /tʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sim³³/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /tʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ sim⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: tong3 sim1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thòng sim
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰoŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sim³³/
- (Hokkien)
- Middle Chinese: thuwngH sim
Adjective
痛心
Synonyms
- 京京 (jīngjīng) (literary)
- 傷心 / 伤心 (shāngxīn)
- 傷悲 / 伤悲 (shāngbēi) (literary)
- 傷感 / 伤感 (shānggǎn)
- 傷懷 / 伤怀 (shānghuái) (literary)
- 傷痛 / 伤痛 (shāngtòng)
- 傷神 / 伤神 (shāngshén) (literary)
- 刺心 (cìxīn)
- 哀傷 / 哀伤 (āishāng)
- 哀切 (āiqiè)
- 哀怨 (āiyuàn)
- 哀悽 / 哀凄 (āiqī)
- 哀慟 / 哀恸 (āitòng)
- 哀戚 (āiqī) (literary)
- 哀痛 (āitòng)
- 哀苦 (āikǔ)
- 心酸 (xīnsuān)
- 怛傷 / 怛伤 (dáshāng) (literary)
- 悄然 (qiǎorán) (literary)
- 情傷 / 情伤 (qíngshāng) (literary)
- 悲催 (bēicuī) (neologism, jocular)
- 悲傷 / 悲伤 (bēishāng)
- 悲切 (bēiqiè) (literary)
- 悲哀 (bēi'āi)
- 悲悽 / 悲凄 (bēiqī)
- 悱惻 / 悱恻 (fěicè) (literary)
- 悽惶 / 凄惶 (qīhuáng) (literary)
- 悽愴 / 凄怆 (qīchuàng) (literary)
- 悲愴 / 悲怆 (bēichuàng) (literary)
- 悲慟 / 悲恸 (bēitòng)
- 悲慘 / 悲惨 (bēicǎn)
- 悽戚 / 凄戚 (qīqī) (literary)
- 悲戚 (bēiqī)
- 悲摧 (bēicuī) (literary)
- 悲楚 (bēichǔ) (literary)
- 悲涼 / 悲凉 (bēiliáng)
- 悲痛 (bēitòng)
- 悲苦 (bēikǔ)
- 感傷 / 感伤 (gǎnshāng)
- 愀愴 / 愀怆 (qiǎochuàng)
- 愁楚 (chóuchǔ) (literary)
- 惻然 / 恻然 (cèrán) (literary)
- 愴然 / 怆然 (chuàngrán) (literary)
- 慘 / 惨 (cǎn)
- 憂傷 / 忧伤 (yōushāng)
- 慘悽 / 惨凄 (cǎnqī)
- 憂愁 / 忧愁 (yōuchóu)
- 憂戚 / 忧戚 (yōuqī) (literary)
- 慘淡 / 惨淡 (cǎndàn)
- 憯懍 / 憯懔 (cǎnlǐn)
- 懤懤 / 㤽㤽 (chóuchóu)
- 沉痛 (chéntòng)
- 淒切 / 凄切 (qīqiè)
- 淒惻 / 凄恻 (qīcè) (literary)
- 淒慘 / 凄惨 (qīcǎn)
- 淒楚 / 凄楚 (qīchǔ)
- 淒涼 / 凄凉 (qīliáng)
- 淒然 / 凄然 (qīrán) (literary)
- 艱苦心 / 艰苦心 (Hokkien)
- 蒼涼 / 苍凉 (cāngliáng)
- 酸心 (suānxīn)
- 難受 / 难受 (nánshòu)
- 難過 / 难过 (nánguò)
- 青凊 (Hokkien)
- 黯然 (ànrán)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 痛 | 心 |
| つう Grade: 6 |
しん Grade: 2 |
| goon | |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 痛心 (thuwngH sim, literally “pained heart”).
Pronunciation
Noun
痛心 • (tsūshin)
Verb
痛心する • (tsūshin suru) intransitive suru (stem 痛心し (tsūshin shi), past 痛心した (tsūshin shita))
- to suffer emotionally, to be extremely worried or anxious
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 痛心し | つうしんし | tsūshin shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 痛心し | つうしんし | tsūshin shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 痛心する | つうしんする | tsūshin suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 痛心する | つうしんする | tsūshin suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 痛心すれ | つうしんすれ | tsūshin sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 痛心せよ¹ 痛心しろ² |
つうしんせよ¹ つうしんしろ² |
tsūshin seyo¹ tsūshin shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 痛心される | つうしんされる | tsūshin sareru |
| Causative | 痛心させる 痛心さす |
つうしんさせる つうしんさす |
tsūshin saseru tsūshin sasu |
| Potential | 痛心できる | つうしんできる | tsūshin dekiru |
| Volitional | 痛心しよう | つうしんしよう | tsūshin shiyō |
| Negative | 痛心しない | つうしんしない | tsūshin shinai |
| Negative continuative | 痛心せず | つうしんせず | tsūshin sezu |
| Formal | 痛心します | つうしんします | tsūshin shimasu |
| Perfective | 痛心した | つうしんした | tsūshin shita |
| Conjunctive | 痛心して | つうしんして | tsūshin shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 痛心すれば | つうしんすれば | tsūshin sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative