哀痛
Chinese
sorrow; grief; pity sorrow; grief; pity; to grieve for; to pity; to lament |
ache; pain; sorrow | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (哀痛) |
哀 | 痛 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): oi1 tung3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ôi-thung
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ai-thòng / ai-thiàⁿ
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: āitòng
- Zhuyin: ㄞ ㄊㄨㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: aitòng
- Wade–Giles: ai1-tʻung4
- Yale: āi-tùng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aitonq
- Palladius: айтун (ajtun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: oi1 tung3
- Yale: ōi tung
- Cantonese Pinyin: oi1 tung3
- Guangdong Romanization: oi1 tung3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɔːi̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ôi-thung
- Hakka Romanization System: oiˊ tung
- Hagfa Pinyim: oi1 tung4
- Sinological IPA: /oi̯²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ai-thòng
- Tâi-lô: ai-thòng
- Phofsit Daibuun: ai'toxng
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ai³³ tʰɔŋ⁴¹/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ai⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ai-thiàⁿ
- Tâi-lô: ai-thiànn
- Phofsit Daibuun: ai'tviax
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ai⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiã¹¹/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ai⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiã²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
Adjective
哀痛
Synonyms
- 京京 (jīngjīng) (literary)
- 傷心 / 伤心 (shāngxīn)
- 傷悲 / 伤悲 (shāngbēi) (literary)
- 傷感 / 伤感 (shānggǎn)
- 傷懷 / 伤怀 (shānghuái) (literary)
- 傷痛 / 伤痛 (shāngtòng)
- 傷神 / 伤神 (shāngshén) (literary)
- 刺心 (cìxīn)
- 哀傷 / 哀伤 (āishāng)
- 哀切 (āiqiè)
- 哀怨 (āiyuàn)
- 哀悽 / 哀凄 (āiqī)
- 哀慟 / 哀恸 (āitòng)
- 哀戚 (āiqī) (literary)
- 哀苦 (āikǔ)
- 心酸 (xīnsuān)
- 怛傷 / 怛伤 (dáshāng) (literary)
- 悄然 (qiǎorán) (literary)
- 情傷 / 情伤 (qíngshāng) (literary)
- 悲催 (bēicuī) (neologism, jocular)
- 悲傷 / 悲伤 (bēishāng)
- 悲切 (bēiqiè) (literary)
- 悲哀 (bēi'āi)
- 悲悽 / 悲凄 (bēiqī)
- 悽惶 / 凄惶 (qīhuáng) (literary)
- 悱惻 / 悱恻 (fěicè) (literary)
- 悽愴 / 凄怆 (qīchuàng) (literary)
- 悲愴 / 悲怆 (bēichuàng) (literary)
- 悲慟 / 悲恸 (bēitòng)
- 悲慘 / 悲惨 (bēicǎn)
- 悽戚 / 凄戚 (qīqī) (literary)
- 悲戚 (bēiqī)
- 悲摧 (bēicuī) (literary)
- 悲楚 (bēichǔ) (literary)
- 悲涼 / 悲凉 (bēiliáng)
- 悲痛 (bēitòng)
- 悲苦 (bēikǔ)
- 感傷 / 感伤 (gǎnshāng)
- 愀愴 / 愀怆 (qiǎochuàng)
- 愁楚 (chóuchǔ) (literary)
- 惻然 / 恻然 (cèrán) (literary)
- 愴然 / 怆然 (chuàngrán) (literary)
- 慘 / 惨 (cǎn)
- 憂傷 / 忧伤 (yōushāng)
- 慘悽 / 惨凄 (cǎnqī)
- 憂愁 / 忧愁 (yōuchóu)
- 憂戚 / 忧戚 (yōuqī) (literary)
- 慘淡 / 惨淡 (cǎndàn)
- 憯懍 / 憯懔 (cǎnlǐn)
- 懤懤 / 㤽㤽 (chóuchóu)
- 沉痛 (chéntòng)
- 淒切 / 凄切 (qīqiè)
- 淒惻 / 凄恻 (qīcè) (literary)
- 淒慘 / 凄惨 (qīcǎn)
- 淒楚 / 凄楚 (qīchǔ)
- 淒涼 / 凄凉 (qīliáng)
- 淒然 / 凄然 (qīrán) (literary)
- 痛心 (tòngxīn)
- 艱苦心 / 艰苦心 (Hokkien)
- 蒼涼 / 苍凉 (cāngliáng)
- 酸心 (suānxīn)
- 難受 / 难受 (nánshòu)
- 難過 / 难过 (nánguò)
- 青凊 (Hokkien)
- 黯然 (ànrán)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 哀 | 痛 |
| あい Grade: S |
つう Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi | goon |
Pronunciation
Noun
Verb
哀痛する • (aitsū suru) ←あいつう (aituu)?intransitive suru (stem 哀痛し (aitsū shi), past 哀痛した (aitsū shita))
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 哀痛し | あいつうし | aitsū shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 哀痛し | あいつうし | aitsū shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 哀痛する | あいつうする | aitsū suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 哀痛する | あいつうする | aitsū suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 哀痛すれ | あいつうすれ | aitsū sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 哀痛せよ¹ 哀痛しろ² |
あいつうせよ¹ あいつうしろ² |
aitsū seyo¹ aitsū shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 哀痛される | あいつうされる | aitsū sareru |
| Causative | 哀痛させる 哀痛さす |
あいつうさせる あいつうさす |
aitsū saseru aitsū sasu |
| Potential | 哀痛できる | あいつうできる | aitsū dekiru |
| Volitional | 哀痛しよう | あいつうしよう | aitsū shiyō |
| Negative | 哀痛しない | あいつうしない | aitsū shinai |
| Negative continuative | 哀痛せず | あいつうせず | aitsū sezu |
| Formal | 哀痛します | あいつうします | aitsū shimasu |
| Perfective | 哀痛した | あいつうした | aitsū shita |
| Conjunctive | 哀痛して | あいつうして | aitsū shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 哀痛すれば | あいつうすれば | aitsū sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 哀 | 痛 |
Noun
哀痛 • (aetong) (hangeul 애통)
- hanja form? of 애통