悄悄

Chinese

		quiet; sad	quiet; sad
trad. (悄悄)		悄	悄
simp. ^#(悄悄)		悄	悄

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiāoqiāo, qiǎoqiǎo

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄠㄑㄧㄠ, ㄑㄧㄠˇ ㄑㄧㄠˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ciu² ciu² / ciu⁵ ciu⁵ / ciu³ ciu³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiāoqiāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠㄑㄧㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciaociao
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiao¹-chʻiao¹
  - Yale: chyāu-chyāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiauchiau
  - Palladius: цяоцяо (cjaocjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    悄悄
    敲敲
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiāoqiāor
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠㄑㄧㄠㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciaociaor
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiao¹-chʻiao¹-ʼrh
  - Yale: chyāu-chyāur
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiauchiaul
  - Palladius: цяоцяор (cjaocjaor)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiǎoqiǎo [Phonetic: qiáoqiǎo]
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠˇ ㄑㄧㄠˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciǎociǎo
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiao³-chʻiao³
  - Yale: chyǎu-chyǎu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheaucheau
  - Palladius: цяоцяо (cjaocjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ciu² ciu² / ciu⁵ ciu⁵ / ciu³ ciu³
  - Yale: chíu chíu / chíuh chíuh / chiu chiu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsiu² tsiu² / tsiu⁵ tsiu⁵ / tsiu³ tsiu³
  - Guangdong Romanization: qiu² qiu² / qiu⁵ qiu⁵ / qiu³ qiu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːu̯³⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯³⁵/, /t͡sʰiːu̯¹³ t͡sʰiːu̯¹³/, /t͡sʰiːu̯³³ t͡sʰiːu̯³³/

Adjective

悄悄

quiet; silent
一小群人站在門口，悄悄地交談著。 [MSC, trad.]
一小群人站在门口，悄悄地交谈着。 [MSC, simp.]
Yī xiǎo qún rén zhàn zài ménkǒu, qiāoqiāo de jiāotánzhe. [Pinyin]
A small group of people stand about by the gate, talking quietly.
- 1631, 石州集(석주집) [seokjujip]:
  
  悄悄月侵牖，蕭蕭風振柯。關心十年事，坐數撲燈蛾。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]
  Chocho wol chim yu, soso pung jin ga. Gwansim sip nyeon sa, jwa su bak deung a. [Sino-Korean]
  The silent moonlight seeps through the window,
  The desolate wind tilts at the branches.
  My mind entangled in the past ten years,
  I sit and count the moths hitting the lamp.
(literary) distressed; sorrowful

Synonyms

(quiet):

edit

和平 (hépíng)
嗼寂 (mòjì)
安恬 (āntián) (literary)
安生 (ānshēng)
安謐 / 安谧 (ānmì) (literary)
安靖 (ānjìng) (literary)
安靜 / 安静 (ānjìng)
寂寥 (jìliáo)
寂寞 (jìmò)
寂然 (jìrán) (literary)
寂靜 / 寂静 (jìjìng)
寧靜 / 宁静 (níngjìng)
平和
平靜 / 平静 (píngjìng)
幽靜 / 幽静 (yōujìng)
恬 (Hakka, literary or Min Nan)
恬淡 (tiándàn)
恬謐 / 恬谧 (tiánmì) (literary)
恬靜 / 恬静 (tiánjìng)
沉寂 (chénjì)
沉靜 / 沉静 (chénjìng)
清淨 / 清净 (qīngjìng)
清靜 / 清静 (qīngjìng)
自靜 / 自静 (zi³ jing²) (Jin)
靜寂 / 静寂 (jìngjì)
靜寂寂 / 静寂寂 (Hokkien)
靜悄悄 / 静悄悄 (jìngqiāoqiāo)
靜生生 / 静生生 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)

Derived terms

悄悄話 / 悄悄话 (qiāoqiāohuà)
靜悄悄 / 静悄悄 (jìngqiāoqiāo)

Adverb

悄悄

in secret; stealthily; without allowing others to notice
最終協議的談判正在悄悄進行。 [MSC, trad.]
最终协议的谈判正在悄悄进行。 [MSC, simp.]
Zuìzhōng xiéyì de tánpàn zhèngzài qiāoqiāo jìnxíng. [Pinyin]
Negotiations on the final agreement are progressing in secret.

孩子們悄悄扔掉肉串上的洋蔥。 [MSC, trad.]
孩子们悄悄扔掉肉串上的洋葱。 [MSC, simp.]
Háizǐmen qiāoqiāo rēngdiào ròuchuàn shàng de yángcōng. [Pinyin]
The children secretly threw away the rings of raw onions in their kebabs.
- 1928, 徐志摩 [Xu Zhimo], 再別康橋 [Taking Leave of Cambridge Again]:
  
  悄悄的我走了，正如我悄悄的來 [MSC, trad.]
  悄悄的我走了，正如我悄悄的来 [MSC, simp.]
  qiāoqiāo de wǒ zǒu le, zhèngrú wǒ qiāoqiāo de lái [Pinyin]
  Quietly I am leaving, / Just as quietly as I came

Synonyms

(stealthily): 暗暗 (àn'àn), 靜悄悄／静悄悄 (jìngqiāoqiāo), 偷偷 (tōutōu)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
悄	悄
しょう Hyōgai	しょう Hyōgai
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しょーしょー [shòóshóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ːɕo̞ː]

Adjective

悄(しょう)悄(しょう) • (shōshō) ^{←せうせう (seuseu)^?}^†-tari (adnominal 悄(しょう)悄(しょう)とした (shōshō to shita) or 悄(しょう)悄(しょう)たる (shōshō taru), adverbial 悄(しょう)悄(しょう)と (shōshō to) or 悄(しょう)悄(しょう)として (shōshō to shite))

spiritless, not energetic
quiet, tranquil

Inflection

Classical conjugation of "悄悄たり" (タリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	悄悄たら	しょうしょうたら	syousyoutara
Continuative (連用形)	悄悄と^[1] 悄悄たり^[2]	しょうしょうとしょうしょうたり	syousyouto syousyoutari
Terminal (終止形)	悄悄たり	しょうしょうたり	syousyoutari
Attributive (連体形)	悄悄たる	しょうしょうたる	syousyoutaru
Realis (已然形)	悄悄たれ	しょうしょうたれ	syousyoutare
Imperative (命令形)	悄悄たれ	しょうしょうたれ	syousyoutare
Key constructions
Negative	悄悄たらず	しょうしょうたらず	syousyoutarazu
Contrasting conjunction	悄悄たれど	しょうしょうたれど	syousyoutaredo
Causal conjunction	悄悄たれば	しょうしょうたれば	syousyoutareba
Conditional conjunction	悄悄たらば	しょうしょうたらば	syousyoutaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	悄悄たりき	しょうしょうたりき	syousyoutariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	悄悄たりけり	しょうしょうたりけり	syousyoutarikeri
Adverbial	悄悄と	しょうしょうと	syousyouto

^[1]Without auxiliary verb.
^[2]With auxiliary verb.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
悄	悄
すご Hyōgai	すご Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 悄悄 – see the following entry.

【すごすご】

[adverb] dejectedly

(This term, 悄悄, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“〈^▲悄^▲悄〉”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]