振

振	U+632F, 振 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-632F

← 挮
[U+632E]

CJK Unified Ideographs

挰 →
[U+6330]

Translingual

Han character

振 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手一一女 (QMMV), four-corner 5103₂, composition ⿰扌辰)

Derived characters

䳲

Additional Derived Characters

𠺲, 𱞾, 𱧳, 𫕫, 𲓁, 𠺃, 𱊙

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 431, character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12093
Dae Jaweon: page 780, character 34
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1879, character 1
Unihan data for U+632F

Chinese

trad.		振
simp. ^#		振

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (辰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
辴	tʰɯl, tʰɯnʔ, *tʰɯn
屒	tɯnʔ, djɯn
振	tjɯn, tjɯns
侲	tjɯn, tjɯn
桭	tjɯn, djɯn
唇	tjɯn, ɦljun
帪	*tjɯn
賑	tjɯnʔ, tjɯns
裖	*tjɯnʔ
敐	tjɯnʔ, djɯn
震	*tjɯn
娠	tjɯns, hljɯn
蜃	djɯns, djɯnʔ, *djins
辰	*djɯn
晨	djɯn, ɦljɯn
宸	*djɯn
鷐	*djɯn
麎	*djɯn
祳	*djɯnʔ
脤	*djɯnʔ
鋠	*djɯnʔ
磭	ŋrɯnʔ, ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ
陙	*djun
脣	*ɦljun
漘	*ɦljun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tjɯn, *tjɯns): semantic 手 + phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhèn (zhen⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣˋ

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): zhēn
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zan³

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): zan³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): zin²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chṳ́n

(Hailu, HRS): zhin^ˊ

(Meixian, Guangdong): zen³
Jin (Wiktionary): zeng³
Eastern Min (BUC): cīng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zing³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tín / chín

(Teochew, Peng'im): zing² / ding²

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): jieng²
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵tsen / ⁵tseen / ⁵tsyun / ⁵tson
- (Jinhua): ⁵cin
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zhen⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhèn
  - Wade–Giles: chên⁴
  - Yale: jèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenn
  - Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: zhēn
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂẽ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zan³
  - Yale: jan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzan³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zen³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐn³³/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: zan³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐn³²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: zin²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sin⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́n
  - Hakka Romanization System: ziin^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zin³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: zhin^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃin²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zen³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sən³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zeng³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡səŋ⁴⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cīng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Donghai)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zing³
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cîng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zing³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ³³²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tín
  - Tâi-lô: tín
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dien
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tin⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tin⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /tin⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chín
  - Tâi-lô: tsín
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cien
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin⁵⁵⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sin⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴¹/

Note:

tín - vernacular;
chín - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zing² / ding²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsíng / tíng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵²/, /tiŋ⁵²/

Note:

zing2 - literary;
ding2 - vernacular (in 振動).

(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: jieng²
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sieŋ³¹/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsen
  - MiniDict: tsen^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsen
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡səŋ³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡səŋ³⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡sən³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sən⁵²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡səŋ⁵²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡sən³³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡sen⁴⁵/
- (Northern: Shaoxing)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tseen
  - MiniDict: tsen^去
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡sẽ³³/
- (Northern: Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsyun
  - MiniDict: tsoen^去
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡sz̩ʷøŋ⁵⁵/
- (Northern: Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tson
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡soŋ⁴⁴/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ⁵cin
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zhen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂən⁴⁵/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡sən⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: tsyinH

Rime
Character	振
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	章刃切
Baxter	tsyinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕin^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjen^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cin^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiĕn^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕn^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ĕn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tər-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	振
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhèn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyin^H ›
Old Chinese	/*tər-s/
English	shake
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	振
Reading #	2/2
No.	1366
Phonetic component	辰
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	震
Old Chinese	/*tjɯns/

Definitions

振

to wave; to shake
to sway; to rock
to wield; to brandish; to shake
to brace oneself; to rise vigorously; to rise up
to vibrate; to tremble

Synonyms

(to wave): 動搖／动摇 (dòngyáo), 搖動／摇动 (yáodòng)
(to sway):

edit

搖動 / 摇动 (yáodòng)
搖擺 / 摇摆 (yáobǎi)
搖晃 / 摇晃
搖曳 / 摇曳 (yáoyè)
搖蕩 / 摇荡 (yáodàng)
搖顯 / 摇显 (Hokkien)
摵 (Hokkien)
擺動 / 摆动 (bǎidòng)
晃動 / 晃动 (huàngdòng)
舞動 / 舞动 (wǔdòng)
蕩 / 荡 (dàng) (literary, or in compounds)
閃 / 闪 (shǎn)

(to wield):

edit

揮動 / 挥动 (huīdòng)
揮舞 / 挥舞 (huīwǔ)
耍 (shuǎ)
舞 (wǔ) (literary, or in compounds)
舞動 / 舞动 (wǔdòng) (formal)

(to vibrate): 抖動／抖动 (dǒudòng), 振動／振动 (zhèndòng)

Compounds

一蹶不振 (yījuébùzhèn)
三振 (sānzhèn)
三振出局 (sānzhèn chūjú)
不振 (bùzhèn)
低迷不振
偏振 (piānzhèn)
偏振光 (piānzhènguāng)
共振 (gòngzhèn)
吸振器
嚴振 / 严振
大振 (dàzhèn)
委靡不振
威振天下
彈冠振衣 / 弹冠振衣
振作 (zhènzuò)
振作有為 / 振作有为
振刷
振動 / 振动 (zhèndòng)
振古
振奮 / 振奋 (zhènfèn)
振奮人心 / 振奋人心 (zhènfènrénxīn)
振威
振幅 (zhènfú)
振弱除暴
振慴 / 振慑
振拔 (zhènbá)
振振
振振有辭 / 振振有辞 (zhènzhènyǒucí)
振揚 / 振扬
振救
振旅
振槁
振民育德
振玉
振盪 / 振荡 (zhèndàng)
振盪器 / 振荡器 (zhèndàngqì)
振窮卹貧 / 振穷卹贫
振窮恤寡 / 振穷恤寡
振筆 / 振笔
振策
振筆直書 / 振笔直书
振纓 / 振缨
振翅高飛 / 振翅高飞
振翮 (zhènhé)
振翼
振聾發聵 / 振聋发聩 (zhènlóngfākuì)
振臂 (zhènbì)
振臂一呼 (zhènbìyīhū)
振臂高呼
振興 / 振兴 (zhènxīng)
振落
振衣
振衣提領 / 振衣提领
振衣濯足
振衰起敝
振裘持領 / 振裘持领
振警愚頑 / 振警愚顽
振貧濟乏 / 振贫济乏
振起 (zhènqǐ)
振鐸 / 振铎
振領提綱 / 振领提纲
振鱗奮翼 / 振鳞奋翼
振鷺 / 振鹭
振鷺充庭 / 振鹭充庭
振鷺在庭 / 振鹭在庭
提振 (tízhèn)
援溺振渴
揚葩振藻 / 扬葩振藻
搖山振岳 / 摇山振岳
摛翰振藻
核磁共振 (hécí gòngzhèn)
欲振乏力
玉振
玉振金聲 / 玉振金声
發矇振聵 / 发蒙振聩
發聾振聵 / 发聋振聩
發蒙振落 / 发蒙振落
積弱不振 / 积弱不振
聲振林木 / 声振林木
萎靡不振
重振 (chóngzhèn)
重振旗鼓 (chóngzhènqígǔ)
重振雄風 / 重振雄风
金聲玉振 / 金声玉振
響振 / 响振
頹靡不振 / 颓靡不振
食慾不振 / 食欲不振 (shíyùbùzhèn)
龍蹙虎振 / 龙蹙虎振

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhēn (zhen¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhēn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhen
  - Wade–Giles: chên¹
  - Yale: jēn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jen
  - Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zan¹
  - Yale: jān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐn⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: tsyin

Rime
Character	振
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	側鄰切
Baxter	tsyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cin/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tər/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	振
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhēn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyin ›
Old Chinese	/*tər/
English	numerous; majestic
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	振
Reading #	1/2
No.	1358
Phonetic component	辰
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	眞
Old Chinese	/*tjɯn/
Notes	原誤側鄰切，依韻目注改

Definitions

振

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) only used in 振振 (zhēnzhēn)

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhěn (zhen³)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhěn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhěn
  - Wade–Giles: chên³
  - Yale: jěn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeen
  - Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən²¹⁴/

Definitions

振

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 袗 (zhěn, “unlined garment”)

References

“振”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “振”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 307.

Japanese

Kanji

振

(Jōyō kanji)

to swing, to wield, to flourish, to wave, to shake

Readings

Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
Kun: ふる (furu, 振る, Jōyō)、ふるう (furuu, 振るう, Jōyō)、ふれる (fureru, 振れる, Jōyō)、ふり (furi)

Compounds

振(ふり)付(つけ), 振(ふ)り付(つ)け (furitsuke, “choreography”)

Korean

Hanja

振 • (jin) (hangeul 진, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)

to raise, to excite

Vietnamese

Han character

振: Hán Nôm readings: chấn

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