噲

See also: 哙

噲	U+5672, 噲 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5672

← 噱
[U+5671]

CJK Unified Ideographs

噳 →
[U+5673]

Translingual

Han character

噲 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 口人一日 (ROMA), four-corner 6806₆, composition ⿰口會)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 211, character 4
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4407
Dae Jaweon: page 433, character 22
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 693, character 3
Unihan data for U+5672

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 噲
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (會) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
譮	*qʰruːbs
會	koːbs, ɡoːbs
儈	*koːbs
膾	*koːbs
鱠	*koːbs
襘	*koːbs
禬	koːbs, ɡoːbs
檜	koːbs, koːd
旝	*koːbs
澮	*koːbs
鄶	*koːbs
廥	*koːbs
鬠	koːbs, ɡoːd
劊	koːbs, koːd
獪	koːbs, kroːbs
繪	*ɡoːbs
懀	qoːbs, qroːbs, *qroːbs
薈	*qoːbs
嬒	qoːbs, qoːd
瞺	*qoːbs
噲	*kʰroːbs
璯	*kʰroːbs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰroːbs): semantic 口 + phonetic 會 (OC *koːbs, *ɡoːbs).

Etymology 1

trad.		噲
simp.		哙

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kuài (kuai⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄞˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): faai³
Eastern Min (BUC): guói
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kōe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kuài
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kuài
  - Wade–Giles: kʻuai⁴
  - Yale: kwài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuay
  - Palladius: куай (kuaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: faai³
  - Yale: faai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fai³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːi̯³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: guói
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kui²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kōe
  - Tâi-lô: kuē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koe
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kue²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kue⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kue²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /kue³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue³³/

Middle Chinese: khwaejH

Rime
Character	噲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	夬 (30)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	苦夬切
Baxter	khwaejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠuai^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰʷᵚai^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuai^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwaɨjs^H/
Li Rong	/kʰuai^H/
Wang Li	/kʰwæi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰwai^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faai³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰr[o][p]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰroːbs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	噲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuài
Middle Chinese	‹ khwæj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰr[o][p]-s/
English	comfortable (room)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	噲
Reading #	1/1
No.	5515
Phonetic component	會
Rime group	蓋
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	快
Old Chinese	/*kʰroːbs/

Definitions

噲

swallow down
mouth of birds or beasts

Etymology 2

trad.		噲
simp.		哙

Pronunciation

Eastern Min (BUC): huòi

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: huòi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hui⁵³/

Definitions

噲

(Eastern Min) alternative form of 回 (“that; then”)

Etymology 3

trad.		噲
simp.		哙

Pronunciation

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: wui⁵
  - Yale: wúih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wui⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: wui⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuːi̯¹³/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: voi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ʋoɪ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: oi⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ŏi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /oi³⁵/

Definitions

噲

(dated in Cantonese, Hakka, still used in Teochew) alternative form of 會 / 会 (“can; will”)
- 1894, James Dyer Ball, Readings in Cantonese Colloquial, page 2:
  
  你噲舉個隻手到熱頭咁高唔呢、唔噲呀。 [Cantonese, trad.]
  你哙举个只手到热头咁高唔呢、唔哙呀。 [Cantonese, simp.]
  nei⁵ wui⁵ geoi² go³ zek³ sau² dou³ jit⁶ tau^4-2 gam³ gou¹ m⁴ ni¹, m⁴ wui⁵ aa³. [Jyutping]
  Can you reach up so high? No.
  (literally, “Can you raise that hand to as high as the sun? [You] cannot.”)
- (Can we date this quote?), “潮汕女孩”, 李立群 (lyrics), 徐曉穎 (music)‎^[1]performed by 徐曉穎:
  
  伊噲害你一輩子攏著假好人唔敢使坏 [Teochew, trad.]
  伊哙害你一辈子拢着假好人唔敢使坏 [Teochew, simp.]
  i¹ oi⁶ hai⁷ le² zêg⁸ buê³ ze² long² diêh⁸ gê² ho² nang⁵ m⁶ gan² sai² huai⁶ [Peng'im]
  She will cause you to pretend to be a good man and not dare play tricks all your life.

Etymology 4

trad.		噲
simp.		哙

Pronunciation

Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): oi⁶

Southern Min
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: oi⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ŏi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /oi³⁵/

Definitions

噲

(Teochew) Interjection used after a name for emphasis
- 19??, 《潮州戲曲選集》, page 9:
  
  娘仔噲。俺今一對好鴛鴦。 [Teochew, trad.]
  娘仔哙。俺今一对好鸳鸯。 [Teochew, simp.]
  niê⁵ gian² oi⁶. nang² gim¹ zêg⁸ dui³ ho² uêng¹ iên¹. [Peng'im]
  O Miss, we are indeed a good couple.

Japanese

Kanji

噲

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Go-on: け (ke)
Kan-on: かい (kai)
Kun: あかるい (akarui, 噲るい)、こころよい (kokoroyoi, 噲い)、すする (susuru, 噲る)、のど (nodo, 噲)

Korean

Hanja

噲 • (kwae) (hangeul 쾌, revised kwae, McCune–Reischauer k'wae)

Vietnamese

Han character

噲: Hán Việt readings: khoái^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]
噲: Nôm readings: gọi^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7], gũi^[1]^[5], hỏi^[1]^[6], còn^[1], gỏi^[1], khoải^[1]

Etymology 1

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, gọi): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 會 (cối).

Verb

噲 • (gọi)

chữ Nôm form of gọi (“to call; to hail; to name”)

Etymology 2

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, hỏi): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 會 (hội).

Verb

噲 • (hỏi)

chữ Nôm form of hỏi (“to ask”)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 Trần (2004).
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Hồ (1976).
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Bonet (1899).
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Génibrel (1898).
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Nguyễn (2014).
^ Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 Trần (2004).

[btcn-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Hồ (1976).

[bonet-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Bonet (1899).

[genibrel-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Génibrel (1898).

[taberd-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[tdcndg-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Nguyễn (2014).

[tdcntd-7] Nguyễn et al. (2009).

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