trí

See also: Appendix:Variations of "tri"

Irish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

    Irish numbers (edit)
    30
     ←  2 3 4  → 
        Cardinal: trí
        Ordinal: tríú, treas
        Ordinal abbreviation: 3ú
        Personal: triúr

    From Old Irish trí, from Proto-Celtic *trīs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.

    Numeral

    trí

    1. three
    Usage notes
    • May be used with nouns in both the singular and plural; the singular is more common in general, but the plural must be used with units of measurement and the like. Triggers lenition of nouns in the singular and h-prothesis of nouns in the plural:
    • trí chat ― three cats
    • trí troithe ― three feet
    • trí héin ― three birds
    • When used with the definite article, the definite article is always in the plural. When used with adjectives, the adjective is also in the plural and is always lenited after nouns in the singular; after nouns in the plural, the adjective only lenites after slender consonants:
    • trí chapall bhána ― three white horses
    • na trí eaglais mhóra ― the three big churches
    But:
    • trí capaill bhána ― three white horses
    • na trí heaglaisí móra ― the three big churches
    • When referring to human beings, the personal form triúr is used.
    Alternative forms
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2

      From Middle Irish tri, tre, from Old Irish tri, tre, from Proto-Celtic *trei (compare Welsh trwy), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₂- (“to pass through”).

      Preposition

      trí (plus dative, triggers lenition, before the definite article in singular tríd)

      1. through
      Inflection
      Inflection of trí
      Person: simple emphatic
      singular first tríom tríomsa
      second tríot tríotsa
      third m tríd trídsean
      f tríthi tríthise
      plural first trínn trínne
      second tríbh tríbhse
      third tríothu tríothusan
      Alternative forms
      Derived terms
      Irish preposition contractions
      contracted with copular forms
      base form an (“the sg”) na (“the pl”) mo (“my”) do (“your”) a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) ár (“our”) ar (“which (past)”) before a consonant before a vowel
      present/future past/conditional
      de (“from”) den de na
      desna*      		 de mo
      dem*      		 de do
      ded*, det*      		 dá dár dar darb darbh
      do (“to, for”) don do na
      dosna*      		 do mo
      dom*      		 do do
      dod*, dot*      		 dá dár dar darb darbh
      faoi (“under, about”) faoin faoi na faoi mo faoi do faoina faoinár faoinar faoinarb faoinarbh
      i (“in”) sa, san sna i mo
      im*      		 i do
      id*, it*      		 ina inár inar inarb inarbh
      le (“with”) leis an leis na le mo
      lem*      		 le do
      led*, let*      		 lena lenár lenar lenarb lenarbh
      ó (“from, since”) ón ó na
      ósna*      		 ó mo
      óm*      		 ó do
      ód*, ót*      		 óna ónár ónar ónarb ónarbh
      trí (“through”) tríd an trí na trí mo trí do trína trínár trínar trínarb trínarbh

      *dialectal

      Mutation

      Mutated forms of trí
      radical lenition eclipsis
      trí thrí dtrí

      Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
      All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

      References

      1. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931), Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 86, page 47
      2. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 262, page 93

      Further reading

      Norwegian Nynorsk

      Etymology

      From Old Norse þrír, from Proto-Norse ᚦᚱᛁᛃᛟᛉ (þrijoʀ) (feminine plural), from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Compare Danish and Swedish tre, Icelandic þrír, Faroese tríggir, English three.

      Pronunciation

      Numeral

      trí m (feminine trjå, neuter trjú)

      1. (dialectal, Setesdal) three
        ‘Er æ trí gúta, trjå jentu, å trjú bórd.
        There are three lads, three girls, and three tables.

      See also

      References

      Old Irish

      Alternative forms

      Etymology 1

      From Proto-Celtic *trīs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.[1]

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ˈt̠ʲɾʲiː/

      Numeral

      Old Irish cardinal numbers
       <  2 3 4  > 
          Cardinal : trí
          Ordinal : tris
          Male personal : tríar

      trí (feminine teöir)

      1. three
      Usage notes

      When attributively (before a noun) it is generally written tri and was probably also pronounced short:

      tri anman (/tʲrʲi h-/) ― three names

      When used substantively it was always written and pronounced long trí:

      i n-aeclis no thríi (/tʲrʲiː/) ― in a church or in three
      Inflection
      Irregular numeral
      plural masculine feminine neuter
      nominative tríH teöir, téoraH tríL
      vocative
      accusative téoraH
      genitive tríN téoraN tríN
      dative trib téoraib trib
      Initial mutations of a following noun:
      • H = triggers aspiration
      • L = triggers lenition
      • N = triggers nasalization

      In archaic texts the form tre also occurs for nom./acc. neuter as well as gen. masculine.

      Derived terms
      • tréde (“three things”)
      • tree (“third”)
      • tretheng (“trio”)
      • trían (“third part”)
      • tríar (“trio”)
      • trícho (“thirty”)
      Descendants
      • Middle Irish: trí

      Etymology 2

      Preposition

      trí

      1. alternative spelling of tri

      Mutation

      Mutation of trí
      radical lenition nasalization
      trí thrí trí
      pronounced with /d̪̠ʲ-/

      Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
      All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

      References

      1. ^ Vendryes, Joseph (1959–96), “trí”, in Lexique étymologique de l’irlandais ancien [Etymological lexicon of Old Irish] (in French), volume T U, Dublin, Paris: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, page T-139f.

      Further reading

      Pichinglis

      Pichinglis numbers (edit)
       ←  2 3 6  → 
          Cardinal: trí

      Etymology

      From English three.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /tʁí/

      Numeral

      trí

      1. three

      References

      • Kofi Yakpo (2019), A grammar of Pichi (Studies in Diversity Linguistics; 23)‎[1], Berlin: Language Science Press, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 576

      Vietnamese

      Pronunciation

      Etymology 1

        Sino-Vietnamese word from 智.

        Noun

        trí

        1. wisdom; knowledge; intelligence
        2. (figurative) mind

        Adjective

        trí

        1. wise; intelligent; astute

        Derived terms

        Etymology 2

        Sino-Vietnamese reading of various Chinese characters.

        Romanization

        trí

        1. Sino-Vietnamese reading of 智
        2. Sino-Vietnamese reading of 置
        3. Sino-Vietnamese reading of 致
        Derived terms

        Anagrams

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