orior

Latin

Etymology

    From Proto-Italic *orjōr, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to stir, rise”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὄρνῡμι (órnūmi), Sanskrit ऋणोति (ṛṇóti).

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    orior (present infinitive orī or orīrī, perfect active ortus sum); third (-iō variant) / fourth conjugation, deponent

    1. to rise, get up
      Synonyms: coorior, exorior, oborior, surgō, ēmergō, assurgō
      Antonyms: cadō, concēdō, decēdō, cēdō, intereō, discēdō, excēdō, occidō, pereō
      • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.729–730:
        Iam tua, Lāomedōn, oritur nurus ortaque noctem pellit
        Now, Laomedon, your daughter-in-law is rising, and having risen, she dispels the night
        (That is to say, the goddess of dawn, the Greek Eos or Roman Aurora; her fabled consorts included Tithonus, son of Laomedon of Troy. See also “ortus”, the perfect active participle of the deponent verb “orior”.)
    2. to appear, arise, become visible
      Synonyms: appāreō, pāreō
    3. to be born, come to exist, originate

    Usage notes

    Conjugation

       Conjugation of orior (third (-iō variant) / fourth conjugation, deponent)
    indicative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present orior oreris,
    orīris,
    orere,
    orīre     		orī̆tur orī̆mur orī̆minī oriuntur
    imperfect oriēbar oriēbāris,
    oriēbāre     		oriēbātur oriēbāmur oriēbāminī oriēbantur
    future oriar oriēris,
    oriēre     		oriētur oriēmur oriēminī orientur
    perfect ortus + present active indicative of sum
    pluperfect ortus + imperfect active indicative of sum
    future perfect ortus + future active indicative of sum
    subjunctive singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present oriar oriāris,
    oriāre     		oriātur oriāmur oriāminī oriantur
    imperfect orerer,
    orīrer     		orerēris,
    orīrēris,
    orerēre,
    orīrēre     		orerētur,
    orīrētur     		orerēmur,
    orīrēmur     		orerēminī,
    orīrēminī     		orerentur,
    orīrentur
    perfect ortus + present active subjunctive of sum
    pluperfect ortus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
    imperative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present — orere,
    orīre     		— — orī̆minī —
    future — orī̆tor orī̆tor — — oriuntor
    non-finite forms infinitive participle
    active passive active passive
    present orī,
    orīrī     		— oriēns —
    future oritūrum esse — oritūrus oriundus,
    oriendus
    perfect ortum esse — ortus —
    future perfect ortum fore — — —
    perfect potential oritūrum fuisse — — —
    verbal nouns gerund supine
    genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
    oriundī,
    oriendī     		oriundō,
    oriendō     		oriundum,
    oriendum     		oriundō,
    oriendō     		ortum ortū

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Italian: orire
    • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *oricāre
    • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *ortiāre

    References

    • “orior”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “orior”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “orior”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • the Rhine rises in the Alps: Rhenus oritur or profluit ex Alpibus
      • the sun rises, sets: sol oritur, occidit
      • to begin with a long syllable: oriri a longa (De Or. 1. 55. 236)
      • war breaks out: bellum oritur, exardescit
    • Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 326
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