nde
See also: Appendix:Variations of "nde"
Translingual
Symbol
nde
Bangi
Adverb
nde
Japanese
Romanization
nde
Lingala
Etymology
Adverb
nde
Nzadi
Pronoun
ndé
See also
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | mǐ` | bǐ | |
| 2nd person | yǎ` | byɛ̌n | |
| 3rd person | human | ndé | bɔ̌ |
| nonhuman | nɔ̌ | mɔ̌ | |
Old Tupi
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ne (“you”).[1]
Cognate with Paraguayan Guarani nde.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈⁿdɛ/
- Rhymes: -ɛ
- Hyphenation: nde
Pronoun
nde (2nd class, 2nd person singular, dative ndebe / ndebo, 1st class equivalent endé)
Descendants
- Nheengatu: ne (“you, your”)
See also
| Number | Person | Nominative / Accusative | Possessive | Dative | Objective | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | 1st class | 2nd class | Nonreflexive | Reflexive | 1st class | 2nd class | |||
| Singular | 1st | ixé | xe | ixébe / ixébo | xebe / xebo | ||||
| 2nd | îepé | endé | nde | endébe / endébo | ndebe / ndebo | oro- | |||
| Singular and Plural | 3rd | a'e | i | o | i xupé | ||||
| Plural | 1st exc. | oré | orébe / orébo | ||||||
| 1st inc. | îandé | îandébe / îandébo | |||||||
| 2nd | peîepé | peẽ | pe | peẽme / peẽmo | opo- | ||||
| Indefinite | asé | asébe / asébo | |||||||
References
- ^ Mello, Antônio Augusto Souza (2000), “Reconstruções Lexicais e Cognatos [Lexical reconstructions and cognates]” (chapter III), in Estudo histórico da família linguística tupi-guarani: aspectos fonológicos e lexicais [Historical study of the Tupi-Guarani language family: phonological and lexical aspects] (in Portuguese), Florianópolis: UFSC, page 183
Further reading
- Navarro, Eduardo de Almeida (2013), “nde”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil ] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 2
Paraguayan Guarani
Etymology
From Proto-Tupi-Guarani *e, from Proto-Tupian *e-/*ẽT (“coreferential second-person singular pronoun”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nde/, [ⁿde]
- Rhymes: -e
Pronoun
nde
- you
- Nde reho mbo'ehaópe. ― You go to school.
Determiner
nde
- your
- Nde vakapipopo. ― Your ball.
See also
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | che | ore (exclusive) ñande (inclusive) |
| 2nd person | nde | peẽ |
| 3rd person | ha'e | ha'ekuéra, hikuái |
References
- Canese, Natalia Krivoshein de; Alcaraz, Feliciano Acosta (2016), “nde”, in Ñe’ẽryru [Dictionary] (overall work in Spanish), Asunción: Instituto Superior de Lenguas, →ISBN, page 70, column 1