abstineo

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

    From ab- (“away from”) +‎ teneō (“hold; restrain”).

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    abstineō (present infinitive abstinēre, perfect active abstinuī, supine abstentum); second conjugation

    1. to abstain
    2. to keep, stay off or away, hold at a distance, avoid
      Synonyms: ēvādō, ēlūdō, dētrectō, vītō, ēvītō, refugiō, exeō, āversor, parcō, dēclīnō, fugiō
      Antonyms: dēstinō, intendō, tendō, petō, quaerō, affectō, studeō, spectō, circumspiciō
    3. (with nōn) to allow, let
      Se ita dicere non abstinuit.
      He allowed himself to speak so/thus.

    Conjugation

       Conjugation of abstineō (second conjugation)
    indicative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present abstineō abstinēs abstinet abstinēmus abstinētis abstinent
    imperfect abstinēbam abstinēbās abstinēbat abstinēbāmus abstinēbātis abstinēbant
    future abstinēbō abstinēbis abstinēbit abstinēbimus abstinēbitis abstinēbunt
    perfect abstinuī abstinuistī abstinuit abstinuimus abstinuistis abstinuērunt,
    abstinuēre
    pluperfect abstinueram abstinuerās abstinuerat abstinuerāmus abstinuerātis abstinuerant
    future perfect abstinuerō abstinueris abstinuerit abstinuerimus abstinueritis abstinuerint
    passive present abstineor abstinēris,
    abstinēre     		abstinētur abstinēmur abstinēminī abstinentur
    imperfect abstinēbar abstinēbāris,
    abstinēbāre     		abstinēbātur abstinēbāmur abstinēbāminī abstinēbantur
    future abstinēbor abstinēberis,
    abstinēbere     		abstinēbitur abstinēbimur abstinēbiminī abstinēbuntur
    perfect abstentus + present active indicative of sum
    pluperfect abstentus + imperfect active indicative of sum
    future perfect abstentus + future active indicative of sum
    subjunctive singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present abstineam abstineās abstineat abstineāmus abstineātis abstineant
    imperfect abstinērem abstinērēs abstinēret abstinērēmus abstinērētis abstinērent
    perfect abstinuerim abstinuerīs abstinuerit abstinuerīmus abstinuerītis abstinuerint
    pluperfect abstinuissem abstinuissēs abstinuisset abstinuissēmus abstinuissētis abstinuissent
    passive present abstinear abstineāris,
    abstineāre     		abstineātur abstineāmur abstineāminī abstineantur
    imperfect abstinērer abstinērēris,
    abstinērēre     		abstinērētur abstinērēmur abstinērēminī abstinērentur
    perfect abstentus + present active subjunctive of sum
    pluperfect abstentus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
    imperative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present — abstinē — — abstinēte —
    future — abstinētō abstinētō — abstinētōte abstinentō
    passive present — abstinēre — — abstinēminī —
    future — abstinētor abstinētor — — abstinentor
    non-finite forms infinitive participle
    active passive active passive
    present abstinēre abstinērī abstinēns —
    future abstentūrum esse abstentum īrī abstentūrus abstinendus
    perfect abstinuisse abstentum esse — abstentus
    future perfect — abstentum fore — —
    perfect potential abstentūrum fuisse — — —
    verbal nouns gerund supine
    genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
    abstinendī abstinendō abstinendum abstinendō abstentum abstentū

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    References

    • “abstineo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “abstineo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “abstineo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • to refrain from doing a wrong, an injustice: iniuria abstinere (Off. 3. 17. 72)
      • to never appear in public: publico carere, se abstinere
      • to abstain from all nourishment: cibo se abstinere
    • abstineo in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
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