Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vęzati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“to constrict, tighten”). (Originally *h₂m̥ǵʰ-?) Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (ḫamank, “to tie, to betroth”) < *h₂m-(o)n-ǵʰ-, Ancient Greek ἄγχω (ánkhō, “to strangle, to squeeze”), Latin angere (“to strangle, to choke”), Old High German engi (“narrow”). Derksen says the initial *v- is "unclear";^[1] Vasmer attributes it to contamination with *verzti (“to tie, to squeeze”),^[2] while Chernykh sees contamination with *viti (“to twist”).^[3]

Verb

*vę̄zàti^[1]

to tie

Inflection

Conjugation of *vęzati, *vęza, *vęžetь (?, -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*vęzanьje	*vęzati	*vęzatъ	*vęzalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*vęzanъ	*vęžemъ
Active	*vęzavъ	*vęžę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*vęzaxъ	*vęza	*vęza	*vęžǫ	*vęžeši	*vęžetь
Dual	*vęzaxově	*vęzasta	*vęzaste	*vęževě	*vęžeta	*vęžete
Plural	*vęzaxomъ	*vęzaste	*vęzašę	*vęžemъ	*vęžete	*vęžǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*vęzaaxъ	*vęzaaše	*vęzaaše	—	*vęži	*vęži
Dual	*vęzaaxově	*vęzaašeta	*vęzaašete	*vęživě	*vęžita	—
Plural	*vęzaaxomъ	*vęzaašete	*vęzaaxǫ	*vęžimъ	*vęžite	—

Related terms

*ǫziti (“to constrain”)
*ǫzlъ (“knot”)
*ǫzъkъ (“narrow”)
*uvęsti (“to tie around?”), *uvęznǫti
*vęznǫti

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: вѧзати (vęzati)
  - Belarusian: вяза́ць (vjazácʹ)
  - Russian: вяза́ть (vjazátʹ)
  - Ukrainian: в'яза́ти (vʺjazáty)
  - Carpathian Rusyn: вязати (vjazaty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: вѧзати (vęzati)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰲⱔⰸⰰⱅⰻ (vęzati)
- Bulgarian: ве́жа (véža) (obsolescent, dialectal)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ве́зати
  
  Latin script: vézati
  - Chakavian (Vrgada): vēzȁti
  - Chakavian (Orbanići): vⁱezȁt
  - Chakavian (Hvar): vēzȁt
- Slovene: vẹ́zati (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: vázati
  - Czech: vázat
    - Bohemian (Chod dialect): vázat
- Kashubian: wiãzac
- Polabian: v́ǫzăt
- Old Polish: więzać
  - Polish: wiązać
  - Silesian: wiōnzać
- Old Slovak: vázať, viazať
  - Pannonian Rusyn: вязац (vjazac)
  - Slovak: viazať
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: wjazać
  - Lower Sorbian: wjezaś

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*vę̄zàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 521
^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “вяза́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
^ Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “вяза́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 174

[EDSIL-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*vę̄zàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 521

[2] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “вяза́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

[3] Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “вяза́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 174

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