-tu-
English
Infix
-tu-
- (pharmacology) a shortened allomorph of the monoclonal antibody affix -tum-, used before the affixes -xi- and -zu- for ease of pronunciation
Derived terms
Anagrams
Swahili
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-. Cognate with Tooro -tu- (“1st person plural object concord”), Yao -tu- (“1st person plural object concord”), Chichewa -ti- (“1st person plural object concord”) and Tumbuka -ti- (“1st person plural object concord”).
Infix
-tu-
- us, 1st person plural object concord
- Unatuona. ― You see us.
- 1973, Mohammed S. Abdulla, Duniani kuna watu, page 3:
- […] zilimmulika Kasim Hakimu Marjani na kutuonyesha kuwa yeye ni kijana kiasi, […]
- […] illuminated Kasim Hakimu Marjani and showed us that he is relatively young, […]
See also
| person | independent | subject concord | object concord |
combined forms | possessive | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| affirmative | negative | na | ndi- | si- | |||||
| singular | first | mimi | ni- | si- | -ni- | nami, na mimi | ndimi, ndiye | simi, siye | -angu |
| second | wewe | u- | hu- | -ku- | nawe, na wewe | ndiwe, ndiye | siwe, siye | -ako | |
| third | yeye | a-, yu- | ha-, hayu- | -m-, -mw-, -mu- | naye, na yeye | ndiye | siye | -ake | |
| plural | first | sisi | tu- | hatu- | -tu- | nasi, na sisi | ndisi, ndio | sio | -etu |
| second | ninyi | m-, mw-, mu- | ham-, hamw-, hamu- | -wa- | nanyi, na ninyi | ndinyi, ndio | sinyi, sio | -enu | |
| third | wao | wa- | hawa- | -wa- | nao | ndio | sio | -ao | |
| reflexive | — | — | -ji- | — | — | ||||
For a full table including other classes, see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns.
Tooro
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Bantu *tʊ́- (“1st person plural object concord”). Cognate with Swahili -tu- (“1st person plural object concord”), Yao -tu- (“1st person plural object concord”), Tumbuka -ti- (“1st person plural object concord”) and Chichewa -ti- (“1st person plural object concord”).
Infix
-tu-
- 1st person plural object concord.
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Bantu *tʊ́- (class 13 object concord).
Infix
-tu-
- class 13 object concord.
See also
| class | person | independent | possessive | subject concord |
object concord |
combined forms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| na | ni | ||||||
| class 1 | first | nyowe, nye | -ange | n- | -n- | nanyowe, nanye | ninyowe, ninye |
| second | iwe | -awe | o- | -ku- | naiwe | niiwe | |
| third | uwe | -e | a- | -mu- | nawe | nuwe | |
| class 2 | first | itwe | -aitu | tu- | -tu- | naitwe | niitwe |
| second | inywe | -anyu | mu- | -ba- | nainywe | niinywe | |
| third | bo | -abo | ba- | -ba- | nabo | nubo | |
| class 3 | gwo | -agwo | gu- | -gu- | nagwo | nugwo | |
| class 4 | yo | -ayo | e- | -gi- | nayo | niyo | |
| class 5 | lyo | -alyo | li- | -li- | nalyo | niryo | |
| class 6 | go | -ago | ga- | -ga- | nago | nugo | |
| class 7 | kyo | -akyo | ki- | -ki- | nakyo | nikyo | |
| class 8 | byo | -abyo | bi- | -bi- | nabyo | nibyo | |
| class 9 | yo | -ayo | e- | -gi- | nayo | niyo | |
| class 10 | zo | -azo | zi- | -zi- | nazo | nizo | |
| class 11 | rwo | -arwo | ru- | -ru- | narwo | nurwo | |
| class 12 | ko | -ako | ka- | -ka- | nako | nuko | |
| class 13 | two | -atwo | tu- | -tu- | natwo | nutwo | |
| class 14 | bwo | -abwo | bu- | -bu- | nabwo | nubwo | |
| class 15 | kwo | -akwo | ku- | -ku- | nakwo | nukwo | |
| class 16 | ho | -aho | ha- | -ha- | naho | nuho | |
| class 17 | (kwo) | N/A | ha- (...-yo) |
-ha- | N/A | nukwo | |
| class 18 | (mwo) | -amwo | ha- (...-mu) |
-ha- | N/A | numwo | |
| reflexive | -enyini, -onyini | — | -e- | — | |||
Yao
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Bantu *tʊ́- (“1st person plural object concord”). Cognate with Tooro -tu- (“1st person plural object concord”), Swahili -tu- (“1st person plural object concord”), Tumbuka -ti- (“1st person plural object concord”) and Chichewa -ti- (“1st person plural object concord”).
Infix
-tu-
- 1st person plural object concord.
- atulolite
- he saw/has seen us
References
- Rev. Alexander Hetherwick, M.A., F.R.G.S. (1902), A Handbook of the Yao Language[1], Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, page 33