鴉片
See also: 鸦片
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (鴉片) | 鴉 | 片 | |
| simp. (鸦片) | 鸦 | 片 | |
| alternative forms | 雅片 | ||
Etymology
Ultimately from Ancient Greek ὄπιον (ópion). First attested in 蟫精雋 by 徐伯齡 [15th century].
The figurative sense of opium might be calqued from the idiom opium of the people.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): aa1 pin3
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): á-pi̿ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): ă-piéng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): a1 peng4
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ia-phi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: yāpiàn
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚ ㄆㄧㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yapiàn
- Wade–Giles: ya1-pʻien4
- Yale: yā-pyàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iapiann
- Palladius: япянь (japjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵⁵ pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/
- Homophones:
雅片
鴉片 / 鸦片
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aa1 pin3
- Yale: ā pin
- Cantonese Pinyin: aa1 pin3
- Guangdong Romanization: a1 pin3
- Sinological IPA (key): /aː⁵⁵ pʰiːn³³/
- Homophones:
雅片
鴉片 / 鸦片
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: â-phién
- Hakka Romanization System: aˊ pienˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: a1 pian3
- Sinological IPA: /a²⁴ pʰi̯en³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: a˖ pienˇ
- Sinological IPA: /a³³ pʰien¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: á-pi̿ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /a⁵⁴ pʰiŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: a1 peng4 [Phonetic: a2 eng4]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: a-pe̍ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /a⁵³³⁻¹³ (pʰ-)ɛŋ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: a1 peng4 [Phonetic: a2 weng4]
- Sinological IPA (key): /a⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ (pʰ-)βɛŋ⁴²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: a-phiàn
- Tâi-lô: a-phiàn
- Phofsit Daibuun: aphiexn
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /a⁴⁴⁻²² pʰiɛn²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /a³³ pʰiɛn⁴¹/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /a⁴⁴⁻²² pʰiɛn²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /a⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰiɛn¹¹/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /a⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰiɛn²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: a1 piêng3 / a1 piang3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: a phièng / a phiàng
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³⁻²³ pʰieŋ²¹³/, /a³³⁻²³ pʰiaŋ²¹³/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
Noun
鴉片
- opium
- (by extension, figurative) opium (anything that numbs or stupefies)
- 2009, 中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局, 马克思恩格斯文集 [Marx/Engels Collected Works], 2nd edition, number 1, page 4:
- 宗教裡的苦難既是現實的苦難的表現，又是對這種現實的苦難的抗議。宗教是被壓迫生靈的嘆息，是無情世界的感情，正像它是沒有精神的制度的精神一樣。宗教是人民的鴉片。 [MSC, trad.]
- Zōngjiào lǐ de kǔnán jì shì xiànshí de kǔnán de biǎoxiàn, yòu shì duì zhèzhǒng xiànshí de kǔnán de kàngyì. Zōngjiào shì bèi yāpò shēnglíng de tànxī, shì wúqíng shìjiè de gǎnqíng, zhèng xiàng tā shì méiyǒu jīngshén de zhìdù de jīngshén yīyàng. Zōngjiào shì rénmín de yāpiàn. [Pinyin]
- Religious suffering is, at one and the same time, the expression of real suffering and a protest against real suffering. Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people.
宗教里的苦难既是现实的苦难的表现，又是对这种现实的苦难的抗议。宗教是被压迫生灵的叹息，是无情世界的感情，正像它是没有精神的制度的精神一样。宗教是人民的鸦片。 [MSC, simp.]
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 鴉片 (“opium”) [map]
Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading
- “鴉片”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.
- “鴉片”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2026.
- “鴉片”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Mandarin and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 32.
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 鴉 | 片 |
| あ Hyōgai |
へん Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi | |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 鴉片 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 鴉片, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
- “▲鴉片”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 鴉 | 片 |
Noun
鴉片 • (apyeon) (hangeul 아편)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 鴉 | 片 |
Noun
鴉片