窘迫
Chinese
| distressed; embarrassed | to force; to compel; pressing to force; to compel; pressing; urgent | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (窘迫) | 窘 | 迫 | |
| simp. #(窘迫) | 窘 | 迫 | |
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): kwan3 bik1 / kwan5 baak1
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kūn-pek / kǔn-piak
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jiǒngpò
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄥˇ ㄆㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jyǒngpò
- Wade–Giles: chiung3-pʻo4
- Yale: jyǔng-pwò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeongpoh
- Palladius: цзюнпо (czjunpo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: kwan3 bik1 / kwan5 baak1
- Yale: kwan bīk / kwáhn bāak
- Cantonese Pinyin: kwan3 bik7 / kwan5 baak7
- Guangdong Romanization: kuen3 big1 / kuen5 bag1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷʰɐn³³ pɪk̚⁵/, /kʷʰɐn¹³ paːk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kūn-pek
- Tâi-lô: kūn-pik
- Phofsit Daibuun: kuxnpeg
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kun²²⁻²¹ piɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǔn-piak
- Tâi-lô: kǔn-piak
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kun²² piak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
Adjective
窘迫
Synonyms
- (poverty-stricken):
- 厄 (literary, or in compounds)
- 困乏 (kùnfá) (formal)
- 困窘 (kùnjiǒng)
- 困窮 / 困穷 (kùnqióng)
- 困苦 (kùnkǔ)
- 困難 / 困难
- 困頓 / 困顿 (kùndùn)
- 宋凶 (Hokkien)
- 散 (Hokkien)
- 散凶 (Hokkien)
- 散赤 (Hokkien)
- 清苦 (qīngkǔ) (especially of scholars and intellectuals)
- 淡薄 (dànbó) (literary)
- 清貧 / 清贫 (qīngpín) (especially of scholars and intellectuals)
- 㾪赤 (Hokkien)
- 磽 / 硗 (Teochew)
- 䆀康 (Hokkien)
- 空乏 (kòngfá) (literary)
- 窄
- 窘促 (jiǒngcù) (literary)
- 窘困 (jiǒngkùn)
- 窮 / 穷 (qióng)
- 窮乏 / 穷乏 (qióngfá) (literary)
- 窮困 / 穷困 (qióngkùn)
- 窮㾪 / 穷㾪 (Hokkien)
- 窮苦 / 穷苦 (qióngkǔ)
- 窮赤 / 穷赤 (Hokkien)
- 艱苦 / 艰苦 (Hokkien)
- 苦寒 (kǔhán)
- 貧乏 / 贫乏 (pínfá)
- 貧困 / 贫困 (pínkùn)
- 貧寒 / 贫寒 (pínhán)
- 貧瘠 / 贫瘠 (pínjí) (literary)
- 貧窮 / 贫穷 (pínqióng)
- 貧苦 / 贫苦 (pínkǔ)
Noun
窘迫
Derived terms
- 呼吸窘迫 (hūxī jiǒngpò)
Descendants
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khún-pek
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khún-pek
- Tâi-lô: khún-pik
- Phofsit Daibuun: qwnpeg
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰun⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ piɪk̚³²/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /kʰun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
Verb
窘迫
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) to persecute; to oppress
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) to supervise and urge
Synonyms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 窘 | 迫 |
| きん Hyōgai |
はく > ぱく Grade: S |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
窘迫 • (kinpaku)
Verb
窘迫する • (kinpaku suru) intransitive suru (stem 窘迫し (kinpaku shi), past 窘迫した (kinpaku shita))
- be troubled
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 窘迫し | きんぱくし | kinpaku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 窘迫し | きんぱくし | kinpaku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 窘迫する | きんぱくする | kinpaku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 窘迫する | きんぱくする | kinpaku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 窘迫すれ | きんぱくすれ | kinpaku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 窘迫せよ¹ 窘迫しろ² |
きんぱくせよ¹ きんぱくしろ² |
kinpaku seyo¹ kinpaku shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 窘迫される | きんぱくされる | kinpaku sareru |
| Causative | 窘迫させる 窘迫さす |
きんぱくさせる きんぱくさす |
kinpaku saseru kinpaku sasu |
| Potential | 窘迫できる | きんぱくできる | kinpaku dekiru |
| Volitional | 窘迫しよう | きんぱくしよう | kinpaku shiyō |
| Negative | 窘迫しない | きんぱくしない | kinpaku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 窘迫せず | きんぱくせず | kinpaku sezu |
| Formal | 窘迫します | きんぱくします | kinpaku shimasu |
| Perfective | 窘迫した | きんぱくした | kinpaku shita |
| Conjunctive | 窘迫して | きんぱくして | kinpaku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 窘迫すれば | きんぱくすれば | kinpaku sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- “▲窘迫”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 窘 | 迫 |
Adjective
窘迫
- chữ Hán form of quẫn bách (“poverty-stricken; poor; impoverished”)