染む

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
染
し
Grade: 6
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
沁む
浸む
滲む

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɕimɯ̟]

Verb

染(し)む • (shimu) intransitive godan (stem 染(し)み (shimi), past 染(し)んだ (shinda))

  1. to blur, to spread
    Synonym: 滲む (nijimu)
  2. to be dyed
    Synonym: 染まる (somaru)
  3. to fall in love with
    Synonym: 心を寄せる (kokoro o yoseru)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "染む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 染ま しま shima
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 染み しみ shimi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 染む しむ shimu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 染む しむ shimu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 染め しめ shime
Meireikei ("imperative") 染め しめ shime
Key constructions
Passive 染まれる しまれる shimareru
Causative 染ませる
染ます 		しませる
します 		shimaseru
shimasu
Potential 染める しめる shimeru
Volitional 染もう しもう shimō
Negative 染まない しまない shimanai
Negative continuative 染まず しまず shimazu
Formal 染みます しみます shimimasu
Perfective 染んだ しんだ shinda
Conjunctive 染んで しんで shinde
Hypothetical conditional 染めば しめば shimeba
Classical conjugation of "染む" (マ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 染ま しま sima
Continuative (連用形) 染み しみ simi
Terminal (終止形) 染む しむ simu
Attributive (連体形) 染む しむ simu
Realis (已然形) 染め しめ sime
Imperative (命令形) 染め しめ sime
Key constructions
Negative 染まず しまず simazu
Contrasting conjunction 染めど しめど simedo
Causal conjunction 染めば しめば simeba
Conditional conjunction 染まば しまば simaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 染みき しみき simiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 染みけり しみけり simikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 染みつ しみつ simitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 染みぬ しみぬ siminu
Perfect-continuative tense 染めり
染みたり		 しめり
しみたり		 simeri
simitari
Volitional 染まむ しまむ simamu

Verb

染(し)む • (shimu) intransitive †nidan

  1. Classical Japanese form of 染みる (shimiru)
Conjugation
Classical conjugation of "染む" (マ行上二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 染み しみ simi
Continuative (連用形) 染み しみ simi
Terminal (終止形) 染む しむ simu
Attributive (連体形) 染むる しむる simuru
Realis (已然形) 染むれ しむれ simure
Imperative (命令形) 染みよ しみよ simiyo
Key constructions
Negative 染みず しみず simizu
Contrasting conjunction 染むれど しむれど simuredo
Causal conjunction 染むれば しむれば simureba
Conditional conjunction 染みば しみば simiba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 染みき しみき simiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 染みけり しみけり simikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 染みつ しみつ simitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 染みぬ しみぬ siminu
Perfect-continuative tense 染みたり しみたり simitari
Volitional 染みむ しみむ simimu

Verb

染(し)む • (shimu) transitive †nidan

  1. Classical Japanese form of 染める (shimeru)
Conjugation
Classical conjugation of "染む" (マ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 染め しめ sime
Continuative (連用形) 染め しめ sime
Terminal (終止形) 染む しむ simu
Attributive (連体形) 染むる しむる simuru
Realis (已然形) 染むれ しむれ simure
Imperative (命令形) 染めよ しめよ simeyo
Key constructions
Negative 染めず しめず simezu
Contrasting conjunction 染むれど しむれど simuredo
Causal conjunction 染むれば しむれば simureba
Conditional conjunction 染めば しめば simeba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 染めき しめき simeki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 染めけり しめけり simekeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 染めつ しめつ simetu
Perfect tense (natural event) 染めぬ しめぬ simenu
Perfect-continuative tense 染めたり しめたり simetari
Volitional 染めむ しめむ simemu

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
染
し > じ
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

Sound change from 染(し)む (shimu) above. The shimu changes to jimu as an instance of rendaku (連(れん)濁(だく)).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [d͡ʑimɯ̟]

Verb

染(じ)む • (-jimu) †nidan

  1. Classical Japanese form of 染みる (-jimiru)
Conjugation
Classical conjugation of "染む" (マ行上二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 染み じみ zimi
Continuative (連用形) 染み じみ zimi
Terminal (終止形) 染む じむ zimu
Attributive (連体形) 染むる じむる zimuru
Realis (已然形) 染むれ じむれ zimure
Imperative (命令形) 染みよ じみよ zimiyo
Key constructions
Negative 染みず じみず zimizu
Contrasting conjunction 染むれど じむれど zimuredo
Causal conjunction 染むれば じむれば zimureba
Conditional conjunction 染みば じみば zimiba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 染みき じみき zimiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 染みけり じみけり zimikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 染みつ じみつ zimitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 染みぬ じみぬ ziminu
Perfect-continuative tense 染みたり じみたり zimitari
Volitional 染みむ じみむ zimimu

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
染
し > しゅ
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

Sound change from 染(し)む (shimu) above.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɕɨmɯ̟]

Verb

染(しゅ)む • (shumu) intransitive godan (stem 染(しゅ)み (shumi), past 染(しゅ)んだ (shunda))

(archaic or dialectal, especially Kansai)

  1. to ache, to sting, to hurt
    Synonym: 染みる (shimiru)
  2. to be lively, to reach a climax
  3. to become gloomy, to become depressed
  4. to become unkempt, to become dirty
Conjugation
Conjugation of "染む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 染ま しゅま shuma
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 染み しゅみ shumi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 染む しゅむ shumu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 染む しゅむ shumu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 染め しゅめ shume
Meireikei ("imperative") 染め しゅめ shume
Key constructions
Passive 染まれる しゅまれる shumareru
Causative 染ませる
染ます 		しゅませる
しゅます 		shumaseru
shumasu
Potential 染める しゅめる shumeru
Volitional 染もう しゅもう shumō
Negative 染まない しゅまない shumanai
Negative continuative 染まず しゅまず shumazu
Formal 染みます しゅみます shumimasu
Perfective 染んだ しゅんだ shunda
Conjunctive 染んで しゅんで shunde
Hypothetical conditional 染めば しゅめば shumeba
Classical conjugation of "染む" (マ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 染ま しま sima
Continuative (連用形) 染み しみ simi
Terminal (終止形) 染む しむ simu
Attributive (連体形) 染む しむ simu
Realis (已然形) 染め しめ sime
Imperative (命令形) 染め しめ sime
Key constructions
Negative 染まず しまず simazu
Contrasting conjunction 染めど しめど simedo
Causal conjunction 染めば しめば simeba
Conditional conjunction 染まば しまば simaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 染みき しみき simiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 染みけり しみけり simikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 染みつ しみつ simitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 染みぬ しみぬ siminu
Perfect-continuative tense 染めり
染みたり		 しめり
しみたり		 simeri
simitari
Volitional 染まむ しまむ simamu

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
染
そ
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [so̞mɯ̟]

Verb

染(そ)む • (somu) intransitive godan (stem 染(そ)み (somi), past 染(そ)んだ (sonda))

  1. to be stained, to be dyed
    Synonym: 染まる (somaru)
  2. to be influenced by
  3. (often in the negative) to resonate with
  4. to become infected, to catch
    Synonym: 感染する (kansen suru)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "染む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 染ま そま soma
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 染み そみ somi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 染む そむ somu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 染む そむ somu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 染め そめ some
Meireikei ("imperative") 染め そめ some
Key constructions
Passive 染まれる そまれる somareru
Causative 染ませる
染ます 		そませる
そます 		somaseru
somasu
Potential 染める そめる someru
Volitional 染もう そもう somō
Negative 染まない そまない somanai
Negative continuative 染まず そまず somazu
Formal 染みます そみます somimasu
Perfective 染んだ そんだ sonda
Conjunctive 染んで そんで sonde
Hypothetical conditional 染めば そめば someba
Classical conjugation of "染む" (マ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 染ま そま soma
Continuative (連用形) 染み そみ somi
Terminal (終止形) 染む そむ somu
Attributive (連体形) 染む そむ somu
Realis (已然形) 染め そめ some
Imperative (命令形) 染め そめ some
Key constructions
Negative 染まず そまず somazu
Contrasting conjunction 染めど そめど somedo
Causal conjunction 染めば そめば someba
Conditional conjunction 染まば そまば somaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 染みき そみき somiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 染みけり そみけり somikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 染みつ そみつ somitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 染みぬ そみぬ sominu
Perfect-continuative tense 染めり
染みたり		 そめり
そみたり		 someri
somitari
Volitional 染まむ そまむ somamu

Verb

染(そ)む • (somu) transitive †nidan

  1. Classical Japanese form of 染める (someru)
Conjugation
Classical conjugation of "染む" (マ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 染め そめ some
Continuative (連用形) 染め そめ some
Terminal (終止形) 染む そむ somu
Attributive (連体形) 染むる そむる somuru
Realis (已然形) 染むれ そむれ somure
Imperative (命令形) 染めよ そめよ someyo
Key constructions
Negative 染めず そめず somezu
Contrasting conjunction 染むれど そむれど somuredo
Causal conjunction 染むれば そむれば somureba
Conditional conjunction 染めば そめば someba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 染めき そめき someki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 染めけり そめけり somekeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 染めつ そめつ sometu
Perfect tense (natural event) 染めぬ そめぬ somenu
Perfect-continuative tense 染めたり そめたり sometari
Volitional 染めむ そめむ somemu
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