復活

See also: 复活

Chinese

	again; recover; reply to a letter again; recover; reply to a letter; to repeat; to duplicate	to live; alive; living to live; alive; living; work; workmanship
trad. (復活)	復	活
simp. (复活)	复	活
alternative forms	仅活 (bô-uăk) Eastern Min

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fùhuó

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄛˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk⁶ wut⁶ / fau⁶ wut⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fu̍k-fa̍t

(Meixian, Guangdong): fug⁶ fad⁶
Eastern Min (BUC): hŭk-uăk / bô-uăk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ho̍k-oa̍h / ho̍k-hoa̍t

(Teochew, Peng'im): hog⁸ uah⁸
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁸voq-weq₈

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fùhuó
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fùhuó
  - Wade–Giles: fu⁴-huo²
  - Yale: fù-hwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhhwo
  - Palladius: фухо (fuxo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹ xu̯ɔ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fuk⁶ wut⁶ / fau⁶ wut⁶
  - Yale: fuhk wuht / fauh wuht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fuk⁹ wut⁹ / fau⁶ wut⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fug⁶ wud⁶ / feo⁶ wud⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊk̚² wuːt̚²/, /fɐu̯²² wuːt̚²/

Note: fau6 wut6 - rare.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu̍k-fa̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: fug fad
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fug⁶ fad⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /fuk̚⁵ fat̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fug⁶ fad⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /fʊk̚⁵ fat̚⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hŭk-uăk / bô-uăk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huʔ⁵⁻³³ uaʔ⁵/, /pu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ uaʔ⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ho̍k-oa̍h
  - Tâi-lô: ho̍k-ua̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hog'oah
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚²⁴⁻² uaʔ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ uaʔ¹²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚⁴⁻³² uaʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ho̍k-hoa̍t
  - Tâi-lô: ho̍k-hua̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoghoat
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚⁴⁻³² huat̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hog⁸ uah⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ho̍k ua̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hok̚⁴⁻² uaʔ⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁸voq-weq₈
  - MiniDict: voh^入 weh^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵voq-hhueq₅
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /voʔ¹¹ ɦuəʔ²³/

Verb

復活

(ergative) to come back to life; to bring back to life; to revive; to resurrect
基督徒相信耶穌被釘死在十字架後三天復活。 [MSC, trad.]
基督徒相信耶稣被钉死在十字架后三天复活。 [MSC, simp.]
Jīdūtú xiāngxìn Yēsū bèi dìng sǐ zài shízìjià hòu sān tiān fùhuó. [Pinyin]
Christians believe that Jesus was resurrected three days after his crucifixion.
- 長沙有人死，經月復活。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  长沙有人死，经月复活。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5^th century CE
  Chángshā yǒu rén sǐ, jīng yuè fùhuó. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

edit

回生 (huíshēng)
復生 / 复生 (fùshēng)
殅 (shēng) (literary)
甦 / 苏 (sū) (literary)
翻生 (faan¹ saang¹) (Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Teochew)
閣活 / 阁活 (Hokkien)

Derived terms

復活節 / 复活节 (Fùhuójié)
復活蛋 / 复活蛋 (fùhuódàn)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (復活):

→ Japanese: 復活(ふっかつ) (fukkatsu)
→ Korean: 부활(復活) (buhwal)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
復	活
ふく > ふっ Grade: 5	かつ Grade: 2
kan'on

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ふっかつ [fùkkátsú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟̊k̚ka̠t͡sɨ]

Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 復活する

Plain	復活する	ふっかつする	`[fùkkátsú súrú]`
Conjunctive	復活して	ふっかつして	`[fùkkátsú shíté]`
Perfective	復活した	ふっかつした	`[fùkkátsú shítá]`
Negative	復活しない	ふっかつしない	`[fùkkátsú shínáí]`
Negative perfective	復活しなかった	ふっかつしなかった	`[fùkkátsú shínáꜜkàttà]`
Hypothetical conditional	復活すれば	ふっかつすれば	`[fùkkátsú súréꜜbà]`
Past conditional	復活したら	ふっかつしたら	`[fùkkátsú shítáꜜrà]`
Imperative	復活しろ復活せよ	ふっかつしろふっかつせよ	`[fùkkátsú shíró]` `[fùkkátsú séꜜyò]`
Volitional	復活しよう	ふっかつしよー	`[fùkkátsú shíyóꜜò]`
Desiderative	復活したい	ふっかつしたい	`[fùkkátsú shítáí]`
Formal	復活します	ふっかつします	`[fùkkátsú shímáꜜsù]`
Formal negative	復活しません	ふっかつしません	`[fùkkátsú shímáséꜜǹ]`
Formal volitional	復活しましょう	ふっかつしましょー	`[fùkkátsú shímáshóꜜò]`
Formal perfective	復活しました	ふっかつしました	`[fùkkátsú shímáꜜshìtà]`
Continuative	復活し復活しに	ふっかつしふっかつしに	`[fùkkátsú shí]` `[fùkkátsú shí ní]`
Negative continuative	復活せず復活せずに	ふっかつせずふっかつせずに	`[fùkkátsú séꜜzù]` `[fùkkátsú séꜜzù nì]`
Passive	復活される	ふっかつされる	`[fùkkátsú sárérú]`
Causative	復活させる復活さす	ふっかつさせるふっかつさす	`[fùkkátsú sásérú]` `[fùkkátsú sású]`
Potential	復活できる	ふっかつできる	`[fùkkátsú dékíꜜrù]`

Noun

復(ふっ)活(かつ) • (fukkatsu) ^{←ふくくわつ (fukukwatu)^?}

revival; return to life
Synonym: 甦生 (sosei)
resurgence, comeback
Synonym: 再来 (sairai)

Derived terms

復(ふっ)活(かつ)祭(さい) (fukkatsusai, “Easter”)

Verb

復(ふっ)活(かつ)する • (fukkatsu suru) ^{←ふくくわつ (fukukwatu)^?}suru (stem 復(ふっ)活(かつ)し (fukkatsu shi), past 復(ふっ)活(かつ)した (fukkatsu shita))

to return to life; come back to life; be revived
Synonyms: 蘇る (yomigaeru), 生き返る (ikikaeru)
make a comeback

Conjugation

Conjugation of "復活する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	復活し	ふっかつし	fukkatsu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	復活し	ふっかつし	fukkatsu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	復活する	ふっかつする	fukkatsu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	復活する	ふっかつする	fukkatsu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	復活すれ	ふっかつすれ	fukkatsu sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	復活せよ¹ 復活しろ²	ふっかつせよ¹ ふっかつしろ²	fukkatsu seyo¹ fukkatsu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	復活される	ふっかつされる	fukkatsu sareru
Causative	復活させる復活さす	ふっかつさせるふっかつさす	fukkatsu saseru fukkatsu sasu
Potential	復活できる	ふっかつできる	fukkatsu dekiru
Volitional	復活しよう	ふっかつしよう	fukkatsu shiyō
Negative	復活しない	ふっかつしない	fukkatsu shinai
Negative continuative	復活せず	ふっかつせず	fukkatsu sezu
Formal	復活します	ふっかつします	fukkatsu shimasu
Perfective	復活した	ふっかつした	fukkatsu shita
Conjunctive	復活して	ふっかつして	fukkatsu shite
Hypothetical conditional	復活すれば	ふっかつすれば	fukkatsu sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“復活”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
復	活

Noun

復活 • (buhwal) (hangeul 부활)

hanja form^? of 부활 (“revival; resurrection; resurgence”)

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]