回生

Chinese

		to circle; to go back; to turn around to circle; to go back; to turn around; to answer; to return; to revolve; (a measure word for matters or actions) a time; Islam	to be born; to give birth; life to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; student; raw
simp. and trad. (回生)		回	生

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): huíshēng

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄕㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wui⁴ sang¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hôe-sng / hôe-seng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huíshēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄕㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huéisheng
  - Wade–Giles: hui²-shêng¹
  - Yale: hwéi-shēng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hweisheng
  - Palladius: хуэйшэн (xuejšɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    回升
    回生
    回聲 / 回声
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wui⁴ sang¹
  - Yale: wùih sāng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wui⁴ sang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: wui⁴ seng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuːi̯²¹ sɐŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hôe-sng
  - Tâi-lô: huê-sng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoesngf
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hue²⁴⁻²² sŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hôe-seng
  - Tâi-lô: huê-sing
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoesefng
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hue¹³⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hue²³⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /hue²⁴⁻¹¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /hue²⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

Verb

回生

to be brought back to life; to bring back to life
to be out of practice; to become rusty

Synonyms

(to be brought back to life):

復活 / 复活 (fùhuó)
復生 / 复生 (fùshēng)
殅 (shēng) (literary)
甦 / 苏 (sū) (literary)
翻生 (faan¹ saang¹) (Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Teochew)
閣活 / 阁活 (Hokkien)

(to be out of practice): 荒疏 (huāngshū)

Derived terms

回生乏術 / 回生乏术
回生起死
起死回生 (qǐsǐhuíshēng)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
回	生
かい Grade: 2	せい Grade: 1
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かいせー [kàíséé] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [ka̠ise̞ː]

Noun

回(かい)生(せい) • (kaisei)

resurrection; resuscitation; regeneration

Verb

回(かい)生(せい)する • (kaisei suru) intransitive suru (stem 回(かい)生(せい)し (kaisei shi), past 回(かい)生(せい)した (kaisei shita))

regenerate; come back to life

Conjugation

Conjugation of "回生する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	回生し	かいせいし	kaisei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	回生し	かいせいし	kaisei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	回生する	かいせいする	kaisei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	回生する	かいせいする	kaisei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	回生すれ	かいせいすれ	kaisei sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	回生せよ¹ 回生しろ²	かいせいせよ¹ かいせいしろ²	kaisei seyo¹ kaisei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	回生される	かいせいされる	kaisei sareru
Causative	回生させる回生さす	かいせいさせるかいせいさす	kaisei saseru kaisei sasu
Potential	回生できる	かいせいできる	kaisei dekiru
Volitional	回生しよう	かいせいしよう	kaisei shiyō
Negative	回生しない	かいせいしない	kaisei shinai
Negative continuative	回生せず	かいせいせず	kaisei sezu
Formal	回生します	かいせいします	kaisei shimasu
Perfective	回生した	かいせいした	kaisei shita
Conjunctive	回生して	かいせいして	kaisei shite
Hypothetical conditional	回生すれば	かいせいすれば	kaisei sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“回生”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
回	生

Noun

回生 • (hoesaeng) (hangeul 회생)

hanja form^? of 회생 (“revival; revitalization”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
回	生

Verb

回生

chữ Hán form of hồi sinh (“to resurrect”)