十字架
Chinese
| cross; crucifix | to support; frame; rack to support; frame; rack; framework; measure word for planes, large vehicles, radios, etc. | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (十字架) | 十字 | 架 | |
| simp. #(十字架) | 十字 | 架 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sap6 zi6 gaa3 / sap6 zi6 gaa3-2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̍p-sṳ-ka
- Northern Min (KCR): sí-cī-ga̿
- Eastern Min (BUC): sĕk-cê-gá
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sih7 zi5 ga4
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shízìjià
- Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄗˋ ㄐㄧㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shíhzìhjià
- Wade–Giles: shih2-tzŭ4-chia4
- Yale: shŕ-dz̀-jyà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrtzyhjiah
- Palladius: шицзыцзя (šiczyczja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shízìjiàr
- Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄗˋ ㄐㄧㄚˋㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shíhzìhjiàr
- Wade–Giles: shih2-tzŭ4-chia4-ʼrh
- Yale: shŕ-dz̀-jyàr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrtzyhjiall
- Palladius: шицзыцзяр (šiczyczjar)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: sap6 zi6 gaa3 / sap6 zi6 gaa3-2
- Yale: sahp jih ga / sahp jih gá
- Cantonese Pinyin: sap9 dzi6 gaa3 / sap9 dzi6 gaa3-2
- Guangdong Romanization: seb6 ji6 ga3 / seb6 ji6 ga3-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐp̚² t͡siː²² kaː³³/, /sɐp̚² t͡siː²² kaː³³⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̍p-sṳ-ka
- Hakka Romanization System: siib sii ga
- Hagfa Pinyim: sib6 si4 ga4
- Sinological IPA: /sɨp̚⁵ sɨ⁵⁵ ka⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sí-cī-ga̿
- Sinological IPA (key): /si⁵⁴ t͡si⁵⁵ ka³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sih7 zi5 ga4 [Phonetic: sih6 zi1 a4]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: si̍h-cī-ga̍
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬiʔ⁴⁻²¹ t͡si¹¹⁻⁵⁵ (k-)a⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sih7 zi5 ga4 [Phonetic: sih6 zi1 a4]
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬiʔ⁴⁻² t͡si²¹⁻⁵⁵ (k-)a⁴²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si̍p-lī-kè
- Tâi-lô: si̍p-lī-kè
- Phofsit Daibuun: siblixkex
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /sip̚⁴⁻³² li²²⁻²¹ ke²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /sip̚⁴⁻³² li³³⁻¹¹ ke¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si̍p-jī-kè
- Tâi-lô: si̍p-jī-kè
- Phofsit Daibuun: sibjixkex
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /sip̚⁴⁻³² zi³³⁻²¹ ke²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zab8 ri7 gê3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsa̍p jī kè
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻² d͡zi¹¹ ke²¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
Noun
十字架
- cross; crucifix [from 17th c.]
- 1642, 艾儒略 [Giulio Alenio], 天主降生言行紀畧, volume 2, published 1853, page 58:
- 凡欲從我，先須拂己私，日負己之十字架以從也。蓋欲保其性命者必失之，若為我為道而失之，斯則保之矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- Fán yù cóng wǒ, xiān xū fú jǐ sī, rì fù jǐ zhī shízìjià yǐ cóng yě. Gài yù bǎo qí xìngmìng zhě bì shī zhī, ruò wèi wǒ wèi dào ér shī zhī, sī zé bǎo zhī yǐ. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
凡欲从我，先须拂己私，日负己之十字架以从也。盖欲保其性命者必失之，若为我为道而失之，斯则保之矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (colloquial, slang) Rohypnol; flunitrazepam
Synonyms
- (cross):
Dialectal synonyms of 十字架 (“cross; crucifix”) [map]
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (十字架):
- → Japanese: 十字架 (jūjika) (see there for further descendants)
- → Korean: 십자가(十字架) (sipjaga)
- → Vietnamese: thập tự giá (十字架)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 十 | 字 | 架 |
| じゅう Grade: 1 |
じ Grade: 1 |
か Grade: S |
| on'yomi | ||
Pronunciation
Noun
十字架 • (jūjika) ←じふじか (zifuzika)?
- the cross, sign of the cross of Christ
Descendants
- → Amis: ciwcika
- → Bunun: ziuzika
- → Rukai: ziwzika
- → Kavalan: ziyuzika
- → Paiwan: ziuzika
- → Tsou: zuuzika
- → Yami: jiojika
References
- “十字架”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
| Hanja in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 十 | 字 | 架 |
Noun
十字架 • (sipjaga) (hangeul 십자가)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 十 | 字 | 架 |
Noun
十字架
- chữ Hán form of thập tự giá (“cross”)