唐

唐 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈中口 (ILR), four-corner 0026₇, composition ⿸广⿱肀口)

• 傏, 塘, 㜍, 嵣, 搪, 溏, 䧜, 榶, 煻, 瑭, 禟, 膅, 瞊, 磄, 䅯, 糖, 䌅, 螗, 赯, 醣, 鎕 (𰾯), 餹 (𬳍)
• 鄌, 㲥, 㼺, 鶶 (𱊝), 蓎, 篖

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 192, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3709
• Dae Jaweon: page 411, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 633, character 5
• Unihan data for U+5510

• Unihan data for U+2F842

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mV-taŋ. Compare Burmese မြင် (mrang, “to see”).

唐 (*lˤɑŋ)

1. to see

• Hill, Nathan W. (2017), “Songs of the Bailang: A New Transcription with Etymological Commentary”, in Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient‎^[1], volume 103, pages 386—429

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡl'aːŋ): phonetic 庚 (OC *kraːŋ) + semantic 口 (“mouth”) – to exaggerate, to boast. 唐 and 庚 were near-homophones in Old Chinese. The phonetic component on top 庚 today appears slightly contracted (the bottom part 人 is missing).

Either related to 途 (OC *l'aː) (Wang, 1982) or from Austroasiatic, compare Proto-Austroasiatic *glɔːŋ, whence Mon ဂၠံၚ်, Kensiu gəlɔŋ, Kuy [script needed] (khlù:aŋ) (Schuessler, 2007).

唐

1. (literary) to boast; to talk big; to exaggerate

   荒唐  ―  huāngtáng  ―  absurd; fantastic

   • 唐，大言也。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: Shuowen Jiezi, circa 2^nd century CE

     Táng, dàyán yě. [Pinyin]

     Tang means big talk.

2. (literary) vast; boundless; magnificent

   • 唐，猶蕩也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     唐，犹荡也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Wen Xuan, 6^th century CE

     Táng, yóu dàng yě. [Pinyin]

     Tang is like "vast/boundless" (dang).

3. (literary) empty; void; hollow

   • 彼已盡矣，而女求之以為有，是求馬於唐肆也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     彼已尽矣，而女求之以为有，是求马于唐肆也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Bǐ yǐ jìn yǐ, ér rǔ qiú zhī yǐwèi yǒu, shì qiú mǎ yú táng sì yě. [Pinyin]

     Those are already gone, yet you look for them as if they exist; this is like looking for a horse in an **empty** stall.

4. (literary) in vain; to no avail; for nothing

   功不唐捐  ―  gōngbùtángjuān  ―  effort will not be in vain (Buddhist idiom)

   唐勞／唐劳  ―  táng láo  ―  to labor in vain

5. (archaic) paved path (inside a courtyard or leading to the main hall)

   • 中唐有甓，邛有旨鷊。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     中唐有甓，邛有旨鹝。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zhōngtáng yǒu pì, qióng yǒu zhǐ yì. [Pinyin]

     The middle path is paved with tiles; on the mound grows the beautiful ribbon grass.

6. (archaic) Cheng Tang (成湯), the first king and founder of the Shang Dynasty
7. (history) Tao Tang (陶唐), a legendary ancient Chinese state ruled by Emperor Yao
8. (history) Name of several ancient states in Zhou Dynasty:
   1. A state located in present-day Shanxi, ruled by the descendants of Yao, later annexed by King Cheng of Zhou.
   2. The fiefdom of Tang Shuyu (brother of King Cheng) in present-day Shanxi, later renamed to Jin (晉).
   3. A state located in present-day Suizhou, Hubei, later annexed by Chu.
9. (history) The Tang Dynasty (618–907), founded by the Li (李) family

   唐詩／唐诗  ―  tángshī  ―  Tang poetry

10. (history) Later Tang (923–937), one of the Five Dynasties

    Synonym: 後唐 / 后唐 (Hòutáng)

11. (history) Southern Tang (937–976), one of the Ten Kingdoms

    Synonym: 南唐 (Nántáng)

12. (figurative) China; Chinese

    唐人  ―  tángrén  ―  Chinese person

    唐人街  ―  tángrénjiē  ―  Chinatown (literally, “Chinese people's street”)

13. (literary) to offend; to be abrupt

    唐突  ―  tángtū  ―  to be offensive; rude; abrupt

14. 50th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "vastness, emptiness, pointlessness" (𝌷)
15. (～縣) Tang county (a county of Baoding, Hebei, China)
16. a surname

    唐君毅  ―  Táng Jūnyì  ―  Tang Chun-i (20th-century Chinese philosopher)

• → English: Tang, T'ang, Tong, Tng
• → Proto-Southwestern Tai: *daːŋᴬ² (“road; way”)
  • Northern Thai: ᨴᩤ᩠ᨦ
  • Khün: ᨴᩤ᩠ᨦ
  • Lao: ທາງ (thāng)
  • Lü: ᦑᦱᧂ (taang)
  • Tai Dam: ꪕꪱꪉ
  • Shan: တၢင်း (táang)
  • Tai Nüa: ᥖᥣᥒᥰ (täang)
  • Ahom: 𑜄𑜂𑜫 (taṅ)
  • Thai: ทาง (taang, “road; way”)
• → Thai: ถัง (tǎng, “Tang (dynasty)”)

Borrowed from English.

唐

1. Used in transcription.

   唐納德／唐纳德  ―  Tángnàdé  ―  Donald

   约翰·朗顿·唐  ―  yuēhàn lǎng dùn táng  ―  John Langdon Down

   唐郡  ―  táng jùn  ―  Down (a county of Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)

Clipping of 唐氏綜合症／唐氏综合症 (Tángshì zōnghézhèng, “Down syndrome”).

唐

1. (Internet slang, derogatory) stupid; absurd; idiotic; retarded

   太唐了  ―  tài táng le  ―  so stupid; utterly retarded

   一眼唐  ―  yīyǎn táng  ―  obviously stupid

2. (Internet slang, derogatory) to act stupidly; to screw up completely; to be a lost cause

   唐完了  ―  táng wán le  ―  completely screwed; utterly hopeless

   都讓你唐完了／都让你唐完了  ―  dōu ràng nǐ táng wán le  ―  you've pulled all the retarded moves

• This term originated as a derogatory euphemism but has undergone semantic bleaching through widespread internet use.

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00583

(Jōyō kanji)

1. Tang dynasty
2. China, Chinese, Sino-
3. foreign
4. baseless, bogus
5. abrupt, sudden

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

• Go-on: どう (dō)^{←だう (dau, historical)}
• Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
• Tō-on: たん (tan)
• Kun: から (kara, 唐, Jōyō)、もろこし (morokoshi, 唐)
• Nanori: かろ (karo)

/tau/ → /tɔː/ → /toː/

From Middle Chinese 唐 (MC dang).

• (Tokyo) とー [tóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[3]
• IPA^(key): [to̞ː]

唐(とう) • (tō) ^{←たう (tau)?}

1. foreign lands in general

• 唐(とう)へ投(な)げ銀(がね) (tō e nage-gane)

唐(とう) • (Tō) ^{←たう (Tau)?}

1. (historical) name of various Chinese dynasties:
   1. the Tang dynasty (618–907 CE)
   2. the 後唐 (Kōtō, “Later Tang”) (923–937 CE)
   3. the 南唐 (Nantō, “Southern Tang”) (937–976 CE)
2. (dated) China in general

From 伽羅, a proper name from the ancient Korean Peninsula.

Originally meant "China" during the Tang dynasty and "elements imported from China", then later expanded to mean "foreign lands in general" and "elements imported from foreign lands".

• (Tokyo) から [káꜜrà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[4]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ɾa̠]

唐(から) • (kara-) 

1. element in compounds, referring to things imported from China or from other foreign lands

   漢詩(からうた)、唐(から)歌(うた)、唐(から)揚(あ)げ、漢音(からごえ)

   karauta, karauta, karaage, karagoe

   Chinese-style poetry (as opposed to formal waka Japanese-style poetry), Chinese-style poetry, deep-fried chicken or fish (a style introduced by Europeans in the 1600s), "Chinese voice" → the kan'on or Chinese-derived reading for a character

唐(から) • (kara) 

1. foreign lands in general
2. short for 唐織り (karaori): silk fabrics imported from China; an exquisitely-embroidered woman's kimono; a costume made in the karaori style used in Noh theater

唐(から) • (Kara) 

1. (formal, dated) the name of China during the Tang dynasty (618–907 CE).

• 唐(から)人(ひと) (Kara hito), 唐(から)人(びと) (Kara-bito, “a Chinese or Korean person; a foreigner from China or Korea”)

• 漢(から) (Kara, usually "China in the Han dynasty")
• 韓(から) (Kara, usually "Korea")
• 加羅(から), 伽羅(から), 迦羅(から) (Kara, “the Gaya confederacy”, original derivation)
• 呉(くれ) (Kure, “China during the Wu dynasty”)

唐 (eumhun 당나라 당 (dangnara dang))

1. hanja form^? of 당 (“Tang dynasty”)
2. hanja form^? of 당 (“Chinese”)

(Jōyō kanji)

• On (unclassified): とー (tō)

• IPA^(key): /toː/

唐(とー) (Tō) 

1. China

• “とー【唐】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

唐: Hán Nôm readings: Đường, đường, đằng, đàng, giềng

1. Tang dynasty
2. Chinese