儕
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Translingual
| Traditional | 儕 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai (extended) |
㑪 |
| Simplified | 侪 |
Han character
儕 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+14, 16 strokes, cangjie input 人卜難 (OYX), four-corner 20223, composition ⿰亻齊)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 119, character 38
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1227
- Dae Jaweon: page 253, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 231, character 14
- Unihan data for U+5115
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 儕 |
|---|
s05750 |
|
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Characters in the same phonetic series (齊) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 儕 | *zriːl |
| 麡 | *zriːl, *ʔsliːl, *zliːl |
| 齋 | *ʔsriːl |
| 穧 | *ʔsleds, *ʔsliːls, *zliːls |
| 擠 | *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls |
| 躋 | *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls |
| 齏 | *ʔsliːl |
| 齎 | *ʔsliːl, *ʔslil |
| 櫅 | *ʔsliːl |
| 齌 | *ʔsliːl, *sʰliːl, *zliːls |
| 隮 | *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls |
| 賷 | *ʔsliːl |
| 虀 | *ʔsliːl |
| 濟 | *ʔsliːlʔ, *ʔsliːls |
| 癠 | *ʔsliːlʔ, *zliːl, *zliːlʔ, *zliːls |
| 霽 | *ʔsliːls |
| 齊 | *zliːl, *zliːls |
| 臍 | *zliːl |
| 蠐 | *zliːl, *zlil |
| 懠 | *zliːl, *zliːls |
| 薺 | *zliːlʔ, *zlil |
| 鱭 | *zliːlʔ |
| 嚌 | *zliːls |
| 劑 | *zliːls, *ʔslel |
| 齍 | *ʔslil |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zriːl): semantic 人 + phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls).
Etymology 1
| trad. | 儕 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 侪 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): caai4 / cai4 / zai3
- Eastern Min (BUC): că̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6ze / 2ze
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: chái
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄞˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chái
- Wade–Giles: chʻai2
- Yale: chái
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chair
- Palladius: чай (čaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰaɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: caai4 / cai4 / zai3
- Yale: chàaih / chàih / jai
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsaai4 / tsai4 / dzai3
- Guangdong Romanization: cai4 / cei4 / zei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaːi̯²¹/, /t͡sʰɐi̯²¹/, /t͡sɐi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: zai3 - due to confusion with 濟.
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: châi
- Tâi-lô: tsâi
- Phofsit Daibuun: zaai
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /t͡sai²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sai¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhâi
- Tâi-lô: tshâi
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhaai
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /t͡sʰai²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰai¹³/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰai²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: sê5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sê
- Sinological IPA (key): /se⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: dzreaj
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]ˤ<r>əj/
- (Zhengzhang): /*zriːl/
Definitions
儕
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) fellows; associates; company; companion
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to make (two people) become a pair; to make people marry
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) together; with each other
Compounds
Etymology 2
| trad. | 儕 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 侪 | |
| alternative forms | 倽 畲 畬 𠈱 | |
Possibly related to Proto-Tai *ʑaːjᴬ (“man; male”) (Luo and Deng, 1995; Li, 1997).
Pronunciation
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sà
- Hakka Romanization System: saˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sa2
- Sinological IPA: /sa¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: sa
- Sinological IPA: /sa⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: sa2
- Sinological IPA: /sa¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
Definitions
儕
- (Hakka, Central Min, usually in compounds) person
-
- 阿哥儕 留下來个吉他 [Sixian Hakka, trad.]
- â-kô-sà, liù hâ-lòi e kí-tá [Pha̍k-fa-sṳ]
- My brother, the guitar you left me
阿哥侪 留下来个吉他 [Sixian Hakka, simp.]
-
- (Hakka) Classifier for people.
- (Can we date this quote?), 現代臺灣客語譯本 [Today's Taiwan Hakka Version], translation of the Bible, 馬太福音 [Mǎtài Fúyīn, Matthew], 14:21:
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 個 (“(classifier for people)”) [map]
Compounds
Etymology 3
| For pronunciation and definitions of 儕 – see 濟 (“(Min) many”). (This character is a variant form of 濟). |
Etymology 4
| trad. | 儕 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 侪 | |
| alternative forms | 纔／才 裁 全 惢 | |
Likely a development from 全. The use of the glyph 儕／侪 (chái) was first attested in writing in the Ming Dynasty, in The Mountain Songs (山歌) by Feng Menglong as a sound-borrowing.
Alternatively, Shen (2017) posits that this sense might be a grammaticalisation of Etymology 1.
Pronunciation
Adverb
儕
- (Northern Wu) all; completely; each and every one out of a determinate quantity; always; under all circumstances
- 人家儕來哉。 [Suzhounese, trad.]
- 6gnin2-ka1 2ze-le2-tse0 [Wugniu]
- Everyone's here.
人家侪来哉。 [Suzhounese, simp.]
- 1908, 土話指南, translation of 官話指南:
- 1949, 倪海曙 [Ni Haishu], “天浪太陽月亮 [The Sun and The Moon In the Sky]”, in 蘇州話詩經 [The Suzhounese Book of Songs], translation of 詩經 [Shījīng]:
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 都 (“all; both”) [map]
Compounds
Japanese
| 㑪 | |
| 儕 |
Kanji
儕
(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 㑪)
Readings
References
- “▲儕”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
Hanja
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
儕: Hán Nôm readings: sài, kia, ấy, đấy, tày
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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