保守
Chinese
to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee; to maintain; hold or keep; to guard |
to guard | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (保守) | 保 | 守 | |
| simp. #(保守) | 保 | 守 | |
| alternative forms | 保㝊 | ||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): bou2 sau2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pó-sú
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pó-siú
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5pau-seu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: bǎoshǒu [Phonetic: báoshǒu]
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄕㄡˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bǎoshǒu
- Wade–Giles: pao3-shou3
- Yale: bǎu-shǒu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baoshoou
- Palladius: баошоу (baošou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: bou2 sau2
- Yale: bóu sáu
- Cantonese Pinyin: bou2 sau2
- Guangdong Romanization: bou2 seo2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pou̯³⁵ sɐu̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó-sú
- Hakka Romanization System: boˋ suˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: bo3 su3
- Sinological IPA: /po³¹ su³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-siú
- Tâi-lô: pó-siú
- Phofsit Daibuun: poysiuo
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siu⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siu⁵⁵⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siu⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siu⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siu⁴¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
Verb
保守
Synonyms
Adjective
保守
- conservative (tending to resist change or innovation)
Synonyms
Antonyms
Derived terms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 保 | 守 |
| ほ Grade: 5 |
しゅ Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
保守 • (hoshu)
Synonyms
- (maintenance): メンテナンス (mentenansu)
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “political conservatism”): 革新 (kakushin, “reform”)
Related terms
- リベラル (riberaru, “liberal”)
Verb
保守する • (hoshu suru) transitive suru (stem 保守し (hoshu shi), past 保守した (hoshu shita))
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 保守し | ほしゅし | hoshu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 保守し | ほしゅし | hoshu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 保守する | ほしゅする | hoshu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 保守する | ほしゅする | hoshu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 保守すれ | ほしゅすれ | hoshu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 保守せよ¹ 保守しろ² |
ほしゅせよ¹ ほしゅしろ² |
hoshu seyo¹ hoshu shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 保守される | ほしゅされる | hoshu sareru |
| Causative | 保守させる 保守さす |
ほしゅさせる ほしゅさす |
hoshu saseru hoshu sasu |
| Potential | 保守できる | ほしゅできる | hoshu dekiru |
| Volitional | 保守しよう | ほしゅしよう | hoshu shiyō |
| Negative | 保守しない | ほしゅしない | hoshu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 保守せず | ほしゅせず | hoshu sezu |
| Formal | 保守します | ほしゅします | hoshu shimasu |
| Perfective | 保守した | ほしゅした | hoshu shita |
| Conjunctive | 保守して | ほしゅして | hoshu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 保守すれば | ほしゅすれば | hoshu sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
See also
- Appendix:Gikun_Usage_in_Meiji_Version_of_Japanese_Bible/保守り
References
- “保守”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 保 | 守 |
Noun
保守 • (bosu) (hangeul 보수)
- hanja form? of 보수 (“conservation; political conservatism”)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 保 | 守 |
Adjective
保守
- chữ Hán form of bảo thủ (“conservative”)