維持

See also: 维持

Chinese

		to preserve; to maintain; to hold together to preserve; to maintain; to hold together; dimension	to grasp; to hold; support to grasp; to hold; support; manage; direct; maintain
trad. (維持)		維	持
simp. (维持)		维	持

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wéichí

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˊ ㄔˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wai⁴ ci⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): ui⁴ ci
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): vì-chhṳ̀

(Hailu, HRS): vui chi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ûi-chhî / î-chhî / bî-tî / ûi-tî

(Teochew, Peng'im): rui⁵ ti⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶vi-zy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wéichí
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ ㄔˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wéichíh
  - Wade–Giles: wei²-chʻih²
  - Yale: wéi-chŕ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: weichyr
  - Palladius: вэйчи (vɛjči)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wai⁴ ci⁴
  - Yale: wàih chìh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wai⁴ tsi⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wei⁴ qi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰiː²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ui⁴ ci
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui³⁵ t͡sʰz̩²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vì-chhṳ̀
  - Hakka Romanization System: vi^ˇ cii^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: vi² ci²
  - Sinological IPA: /vi¹¹ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: vui chi
  - Sinological IPA: /vui⁵⁵ t͡ʃʰi⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûi-chhî
  - Tâi-lô: uî-tshî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: uichii
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /ui²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ui¹³⁻²² t͡sʰi¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: î-chhî
  - Tâi-lô: î-tshî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ichii
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /i²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /i²³⁻³³ t͡sʰi²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /i²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bî-tî
  - Tâi-lô: bî-tî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bi'dii
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /bi²⁴⁻²² ti²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûi-tî
  - Tâi-lô: uî-tî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ui'dii
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ui¹³⁻²² ti¹³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: rui⁵ ti⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jûi thî
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zui⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰi⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶vi-zy
  - MiniDict: vi^去 zy
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³vi-zr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /vi²² zz̩⁴⁴/

Verb

維持

to maintain; to keep; to preserve; to uphold
維持原狀／维持原状 ― wéichí yuánzhuàng ― to maintain the status quo

維持原判／维持原判 ― wéichí yuánpàn ― to uphold a decision
to support
to protect

Synonyms

(to maintain):

edit

保 (bǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
保守 (bǎoshǒu)
保持 (bǎochí)
守 (shǒu)
把牢 (bǎláo)
維繫 / 维系 (wéixì)

(to support): 支持 (zhīchí)
(to protect):

edit

保 (bǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
保全 (bǎoquán)
保庇 (Hokkien)
保護 / 保护 (bǎohù)
保障 (bǎozhàng)
堅持 / 坚持 (jiānchí)
掩護 / 掩护 (yǎnhù)
維護 / 维护 (wéihù)
蔽護 / 蔽护 (bìhù) (literary)
護 / 护 (hù) (literary, or in compounds)

Derived terms

維持生活 / 维持生活 (wéichí shēnghuó)

Related terms

堅持／坚持 (jiānchí)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
維	持
い Grade: S	じ Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) いじ [íꜜjì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [iʑi]

Noun

維(い)持(じ) • (iji) ^{←ゐぢ (widi)^?}

maintenance

Verb

維(い)持(じ)する • (iji suru) ^{←ゐぢ (widi)^?}transitive suru (stem 維(い)持(じ)し (iji shi), past 維(い)持(じ)した (iji shita))

to maintain, to keep
- 2011, NHK‎^[1]:
  
  ハードスケジュールのなか、コンディションを維持(いじ)し、ホームランを打(う)ち続(つづ)けることは大変(たいへん)なことです。
  Hādo sukejūru no naka, kondishon o iji shi, hōmuran o uchitsuzukeru koto wa taihen na koto desu.
  With such a hard schedule, it's a difficult thing to maintain my condition and be able to keep hitting home runs.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "維持する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	維持し	いじし	iji shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	維持し	いじし	iji shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	維持する	いじする	iji suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	維持する	いじする	iji suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	維持すれ	いじすれ	iji sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	維持せよ¹ 維持しろ²	いじせよ¹ いじしろ²	iji seyo¹ iji shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	維持される	いじされる	iji sareru
Causative	維持させる維持さす	いじさせるいじさす	iji saseru iji sasu
Potential	維持できる	いじできる	iji dekiru
Volitional	維持しよう	いじしよう	iji shiyō
Negative	維持しない	いじしない	iji shinai
Negative continuative	維持せず	いじせず	iji sezu
Formal	維持します	いじします	iji shimasu
Perfective	維持した	いじした	iji shita
Conjunctive	維持して	いじして	iji shite
Hypothetical conditional	維持すれば	いじすれば	iji sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“維持”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
維	持

Noun

維持 • (yuji) (hangeul 유지)

hanja form^? of 유지 (“maintain; keep”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
維	持

Verb

維持

chữ Hán form of duy trì (“to maintain; to support; to keep up; to uphold; to keep alive”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]