पर्ण

See also: पूर्ण, प्राणु, पुराण, and प्राण

Hindi

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇa). Doublet of पन्ना (pannā, “page”) and पान (pān, “betel leaf”).

पर्ण • (parṇ) m (Urdu spelling پرݨ)

McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “पर्ण”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *p(t)erH-

Proto-Indo-European *-nós

Proto-Indo-European *pornóm

Proto-Indo-Iranian *parnám

Proto-Indo-Aryan *parnám

Sanskrit पर्ण

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *parnám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *parnám (“leaf, feather, wing”), from Proto-Indo-European *pornóm, from *p(t)erH- (“fern”) + *-nós. Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (par^əna), Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), English fern.

प॒र्ण • (parṇá) stem, n

Neuter a-stem declension of प॒र्ण
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	प॒र्णम् (parṇám)	प॒र्णे (parṇé)	प॒र्णानि॑ (parṇā́ni) प॒र्णा¹ (parṇā́¹)
accusative	प॒र्णम् (parṇám)	प॒र्णे (parṇé)	प॒र्णानि॑ (parṇā́ni) प॒र्णा¹ (parṇā́¹)
instrumental	प॒र्णेन॑ (parṇéna)	प॒र्णाभ्या॑म् (parṇā́bhyām)	प॒र्णैः (parṇáiḥ) प॒र्णेभिः॑¹ (parṇébhiḥ¹)
dative	प॒र्णाय॑ (parṇā́ya)	प॒र्णाभ्या॑म् (parṇā́bhyām)	प॒र्णेभ्यः॑ (parṇébhyaḥ)
ablative	प॒र्णात् (parṇā́t)	प॒र्णाभ्या॑म् (parṇā́bhyām)	प॒र्णेभ्यः॑ (parṇébhyaḥ)
genitive	प॒र्णस्य॑ (parṇásya)	प॒र्णयोः॑ (parṇáyoḥ)	प॒र्णाना॑म् (parṇā́nām)
locative	प॒र्णे (parṇé)	प॒र्णयोः॑ (parṇáyoḥ)	प॒र्णेषु॑ (parṇéṣu)
vocative	पर्ण॑ (párṇa)	पर्णे॑ (párṇe)	पर्णा॑नि (párṇāni) पर्णा॑¹ (párṇā¹)

Inherited

Dardic:
- Chitrali:
  - Kalasha: pọ̃
- Kashmiric:
  - Kashmiri: پَن (pan)
- Kohistani:
  - Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (paṇa)
Prakrit: 𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡 (paṇṇa)
- Apabhramsa: पण्ण (paṇṇa) (descendants largely refer to "betel leaf")
  - Central Indo-Aryan:
    - Hindustani:
      - Hindi: पान (pān)
      - Urdu: پان (pān)
  - Eastern Indo-Aryan:
    - Bengali-Assamese:
      - Assamese: পাণ (pan)
      - Bengali: পান (pan)
      - Sylheti: ꠙꠣꠘ (fan)
    - Bihari:
      - Bhojpuri: 𑂣𑂰𑂢 (pān)
      - Maithili: पान (pān)
      - Magahi: 𑂣𑂰𑂢 (pān)
    - Odia: ପାନ (pāna)
  - Northern Indo-Aryan:
    - Kumaoni: पान (pān)
    - Nepali: पानु (pānu), पान (pān)
    - Garhwali: पान (pān)
  - Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
    - Sindhi: پَنُ / पनु (panu)
  - Southern Indo-Aryan:
    - Konkani: पान (pān)
    - Old Marathi: 𑘢𑘰𑘡 (pāna)
      - Marathi: पान (pān)
  - Western Indo-Aryan:
    - Old Gujarati: पान (pāna)
      - Gujarati: પાન (pān)
        ⇒ Gujarati: પાંદડું (pā̃dḍũ)
      - Marwari: पान (pān)
- Insular Indo-Aryan:
  - Dhivehi: ފަން (fan̊, “coconut palm leaf”)
  - Sinhalese: පන (pana)
Pali: paṇṇa
- → Khmer: ប័ណ្ណ (ban) (learned)
- → Lao: ບັນນະ (ban na) (learned)
- → Thai: บรรณ (ban) (learned)

Borrowed

Monier Williams (1899), “पर्ण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 606/2.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 97
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “parṇá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press