पद्
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- পদ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
- পদ্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ပဒ် (Burmese script)
- પદ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਪਦ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಪದ್ (Kannada script)
- បទ៑ (Khmer script)
- ປທ຺ (Lao script)
- പദ് (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᠠᡩ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠠᢑ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
- ପଦ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢦꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
- පද් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
- பத்³ (Tamil script)
- పద్ (Telugu script)
- ปทฺ (Thai script)
- པ་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /pɐ́d/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /pɐd̪/
Etymology 1
Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pā́ts, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds, from *ped- + *-s.[1] Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬛 (pad), Hittite 𒉺𒋫 (pa-ta), Ancient Greek πούς (poús), Latin pēs, Persian پا (pâ), Old Armenian ոտն (otn), German Fuß, Old English fōt (whence English foot).
Noun
पद् • (pád) stem, m
- a foot
- step
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.154.5:
- तद॑स्य प्रि॒यम॒भि पाथो॑ अश्यां॒ नरो॒ यत्र॑ देव॒यवो॒ मद॑न्ति ।
उ॒रु॒क्र॒मस्य॒ स हि बन्धु॑रि॒त्था विष्णोः॑ प॒दे प॑र॒मे मध्व॒ उत्सः॑ ॥- tádasya priyámabhí pā́tho aśyāṃ náro yátra devayávo mádanti.
urukramásya sá hí bándhuritthā́ víṣṇoḥ padé paramé mádhva útsaḥ. - Might I reach that dear cattle-pen of his, where men seeking the gods find elation, for exactly that is the bond to the wide-striding one: the wellspring of mead in the highest step of Viṣṇu.
- tádasya priyámabhí pā́tho aśyāṃ náro yátra devayávo mádanti.
- तद॑स्य प्रि॒यम॒भि पाथो॑ अश्यां॒ नरो॒ यत्र॑ देव॒यवो॒ मद॑न्ति ।
- fourth part, quarter
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पात् (pā́t) | पादौ॑ (pā́dau) पादा॑¹ (pā́dā¹) |
पादः॑ (pā́daḥ) |
| accusative | पाद॑म् (pā́dam) | पादौ॑ (pā́dau) पादा॑¹ (pā́dā¹) |
प॒दः (padáḥ) |
| instrumental | प॒दा (padā́) | प॒द्भ्याम् (padbhyā́m) प॒ड्भ्याम् (paḍbhyā́m) |
प॒द्भिः (padbhíḥ) प॒ड्भिः (paḍbhíḥ) |
| dative | प॒दे (padé) | प॒द्भ्याम् (padbhyā́m) प॒ड्भ्याम् (paḍbhyā́m) |
प॒द्भ्यः (padbhyáḥ) प॒ड्भ्यः (paḍbhyáḥ) |
| ablative | प॒दः (padáḥ) | प॒द्भ्याम् (padbhyā́m) प॒ड्भ्याम् (paḍbhyā́m) |
प॒द्भ्यः (padbhyáḥ) प॒ड्भ्यः (paḍbhyáḥ) |
| genitive | प॒दः (padáḥ) | प॒दोः (padóḥ) | प॒दाम् (padā́m) |
| locative | प॒दि (padí) | प॒दोः (padóḥ) | प॒त्सु (patsú) |
| vocative | पात् (pā́t) | पादौ॑ (pā́dau) पादा॑¹ (pā́dā¹) |
पादः॑ (pā́daḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
See पाद॑ (pā́da).
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “pád-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 77
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “पद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 583, column 1.
Etymology 2
Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *pad-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pad-, from Proto-Indo-European *ped-. From the same ultimate origin as Etymology 1,[1] perhaps with semantic influence from the root underlying पत् (pat, “to fall”).[2]
Root
पद् • (pad)
Derived terms
Primary verbal forms
Secondary forms
- अपा॑दि (ápādi, passive aorist)
- पा॒दय॑ति (pādáyati, causative)
- अपी॑पदत् (ápīpadat, causative aorist)
- पाद्यते (pādyate, passive of causative)
- पित्सति (pitsati, desiderative)
- पिपादयिषति (pipādayiṣati, desiderative of causative)
- पनीपद्यते (panīpadyate, intensive)
- पनीपदीति (panīpadīti, intensive)
Non-finite forms
- प॒न्न (panná, past participle)
- पत्तु॑म् (páttum, infinitive)
- पत्त॑वे (páttave, infinitive)
- पत्तो॑स् (páttos, infinitive)
- पद॑स् (pádas, infinitive)
- पद्य॑ (pádya, gerund)
- पाद॑म् (pā́dam, gerund)
- पत्तव्य (pattavya, gerundive)
- पाद्य (pādya, gerundive)
- पित्सु (pitsu, desiderative participle)
Prefixed root forms
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root पद् (0 c, 8 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root पद् (7 c, 0 e)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “PAD”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 76
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*pad”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 287
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “पद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 582, column 3.
- William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 94