प्रतिपद्

From प्रति (prati) + पद् (pad, “to go, to move”), from Proto-Indo-European *ped-.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɾɐ.ti.pɐ́d/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pɾɐ.t̪i.pɐd̪/

प्रतिपद् • (pratipad)

1. to enter, to set foot upon
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 4.2.5.3:

     ताव् अध्वर्यू प्रथमौ प्रतिपद्येते प्राणोदानौ यज्ञस्याथ प्रस्तोता वाग् एव यज्ञस्याथोद्गातात्मैव प्रजापतिर् यज्ञस्याथ प्रतिहर्ता भिषग् वा व्यानो वा

     tāv adhvaryū prathamau pratipadyete prāṇodānau yajñasyātha prastotā vāg eva yajñasyāthodgātātmaiva prajāpatir yajñasyātha pratihartā bhiṣag vā vyāno vā

     The two Adhvaryu priests first enter [the chanting-place beside the pit], [representing] the out-breathing and in-breathing of the ritual rite; then the Prastotri, [representing] the voice of the sacrifice; then the Udgatri, [representing] the self, then the Prajapati of the ritual rite; then the Pratihartri, either [representing] the physician or [representing] the through-breathing.

प्र॒ति॒पद् • (pratipád) stem, f

1. commencement, ingress, the act of entering, entrance
   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) I.6.10:

     ब्रह्मैव प्रतिपदं कुरुते तथा ब्राह्मणः साशीर्केण यज्ञेन यजते

     brahmaiva pratipadaṃ kurute tathā brāhmaṇaḥ sāśīrkeṇa yajñena yajate

     Surely, he makes the Brahman the commencement, and thus the Brahman performs the rite with an offering which has a blessing.

   1. the entrance of the lunar fortnight; the day following the new moon or a full moon
      • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā) 7.38:

        मरुत्वाꣳ इन्द्र वृषभो रणाय पिबा सोमम् अनुष्वधं मदाय ।
        आसिञ्चस्व जठरे मध्व ऽ ऊर्मिं त्वꣳ राजासि प्रतिपत्सुतानाम् ।

        marutvāṃ indra vṛṣabho raṇāya pibā somam anuṣvadhaṃ madāya.
        āsiñcasva jaṭhare madhva ʼ ūrmiṃ tvaṃ rājāsi pratipatsutānām.

        Attended by the Maruts, like a bull, drink the Soma, O Indra, for joy, for intoxicating pleasure, as you please.
        Pour the wave of the intoxicating juice down your belly; you are the King of juices shed at the beginning of the fortnight.

      • c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa Ayodhyākāṇḍa.112:

        एवं ब्रुवाणं भरतः कौसल्यासुतम् अब्रवीत् ।
        तेजसादित्यसङ्काशं प्रतिपच्चन्द्रदर्शनम् ॥
        अधिरोहार्य पादाभ्यां पादुके हेमभूषिते ।
        एते हि सर्वलोकस्य योगक्षेमं विधास्यत: ॥

        evaṃ bruvāṇaṃ bharataḥ kausalyāsutam abravīt.
        tejasādityasaṅkāśaṃ pratipaccandradarśanam.
        adhirohārya pādābhyāṃ pāduke hemabhūṣite.
        ete hi sarvalokasya yogakṣemaṃ vidhāsyata:.

        Then Prince Bharata answered Rāma who was as glorious as the Sun and as beautiful as the moon on the first day of the fortnight, saying: “O Noble One, place your feet in these sandals adorned with gold, since soon they will furnish our only means of support and protection.”

      • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 13.87.9:

        पितॄन् अर्च्य प्रतिपदि प्राप्नुयात् स्वगृहे स्त्रियः ।
        अभिरूपप्रजायिन्यो दर्शनीया बहुप्रजाः ॥

        pitṝn arcya pratipadi prāpnuyāt svagṛhe striyaḥ.
        abhirūpaprajāyinyo darśanīyā bahuprajāḥ.

        By honoring the deceased ancestors on the first day of the fortnight, one obtains in one's home wives who are beautiful, lovely to behold, and who bear many beautiful children.

      • c. 500 CE – 1000, Liṅga Purāṇa 1.61.53:

        ऋतूनां शिशिरश् चापि मासानां माघ उच्यते ।
        पक्षाणां शुक्लपक्षस् तु तिथीनां प्रतिपत् तथा ॥

        ṛtūnāṃ śiśiraś cāpi māsānāṃ māgha ucyate.
        pakṣāṇāṃ śuklapakṣas tu tithīnāṃ pratipat tathā.

        Among the seasons the late winter [is declared to be the first]; among the months it is Māgha.
        Among the fortnights it is the bright half that is the first and among days it is the first day of the fortnight.

• प्रातिपद (prātipada) (see there for further descendants)