गृणाति

See also: गणित

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

গৃণাতি (Assamese script)
ᬕᬺᬡᬵᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
গৃণাতি (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰴𑰜𑰯𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑀾𑀡𑀸𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ဂၖဏာတိ (Burmese script)
ગૃણાતિ (Gujarati script)
ਗ੍ਰਣਾਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌗𑍃𑌣𑌾𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦒꦽꦟꦴꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂏𑃂𑂝𑂰𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ಗೃಣಾತಿ (Kannada script)
គ្ឫណាតិ (Khmer script)
ຄ຺ຣິຓາຕິ (Lao script)
ഗൃണാതി (Malayalam script)
ᡤᡵᡳᢏᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘐𑘵𑘜𑘰𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠺᠷᠢᢏᠠᢗᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑦰𑧖𑦼𑧑𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑐺𑐞𑐵𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
ଗୃଣାତି (Odia script)
ꢔꢺꢠꢵꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑆸𑆟𑆳𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖴𑖜𑖯𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
ගෘණාති (Sinhalese script)
𑩞𑩙𑩪𑩛𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚌𑚘𑚭𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
க்³ரிணாதி (Tamil script)
గృణాతి (Telugu script)
คฺฤณาติ (Thai script)
གྲྀ་ཎཱ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑒵𑒝𑒰𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨍𑨼𑨉𑨘𑨊𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *gr̥náHti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥náHti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥-né-H-ti, from *gʷerH- (“to welcome, greet, praise”).

Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌 𐬔𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬈 (auui gərəṇte), Latin grātus (“welcome”), Old Church Slavonic жрьти (žrĭti, “to sacrifice”), Old Prussian girtwei (“to praise”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡr̩.ɳɑ́ː.ti/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡr̩.ɳɑː.t̪i/

Verb

गृ॒णाति॑ • (gṛṇā́ti) third-singular indicative (class 9, type P, root गॄ)

to call, call out to, invoke (RV., AV., ŚBr. IV, Bhag. XI, 21)
to announce, proclaim (RV.)
to mention with praise, praise, extol (RV., BhP. XI, 13, 41, Bhaṭṭ. VIII, 77)
to pronounce, recite (MBh., VII, 1754, Ragh. BhP. I, 1, 14)
to relate; to teach in verses (Gaṇit. i, 4, 5)

Conjugation

Present: गृ॒णाति॑ (gṛṇā́ti), गृ॒णी॒ते (gṛṇīté) or गृ॒णे (gṛṇé)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	गृ॒णाति॑ gṛṇā́ti	गृ॒णी॒तः gṛṇītáḥ	गृ॒णन्ति॑ gṛṇánti	गृ॒णी॒ते / गृ॒णे¹ gṛṇīté / gṛṇé¹	गृ॒णाते॑ gṛṇā́te	गृ॒णते॑ gṛṇáte
Second	गृ॒णासि॑ gṛṇā́si	गृ॒णी॒थः gṛṇītháḥ	गृ॒णी॒थ gṛṇīthá	गृ॒णी॒षे gṛṇīṣé	गृ॒णाथे॑ gṛṇā́the	गृ॒णी॒ध्वे gṛṇīdhvé
First	गृ॒णामि॑ gṛṇā́mi	गृ॒णी॒वः gṛṇīváḥ	गृ॒णी॒मः / गृ॒णी॒मसि॑¹ gṛṇīmáḥ / gṛṇīmási¹	गृ॒णे gṛṇé	गृ॒णी॒वहे॑ gṛṇīváhe	गृ॒णी॒महे॑ gṛṇīmáhe
Imperative
Third	गृ॒णातु॑ gṛṇā́tu	गृ॒णी॒ताम् gṛṇītā́m	गृ॒णन्तु॑ gṛṇántu	गृ॒णी॒ताम् gṛṇītā́m	गृ॒णाता॑म् gṛṇā́tām	गृ॒णता॑म् gṛṇátām
Second	गृ॒णी॒हि / गृ॒णाहि॑¹ gṛṇīhí / gṛṇā́hi¹	गृ॒णी॒तम् gṛṇītám	गृ॒णी॒त / गृ॒णत॑¹ gṛṇītá / gṛṇáta¹	गृ॒णी॒ष्व gṛṇīṣvá	गृ॒णाथा॑म् gṛṇā́thām	गृ॒णी॒ध्वम् gṛṇīdhvám
First	गृ॒णानि॑ gṛṇā́ni	गृ॒णाव॑ gṛṇā́va	गृ॒णाम॑ gṛṇā́ma	गृ॒णै gṛṇái	गृ॒णाव॑है gṛṇā́vahai	गृ॒णाम॑है gṛṇā́mahai
Optative/Potential
Third	गृ॒णी॒यात् gṛṇīyā́t	गृ॒णी॒याता॑म् gṛṇīyā́tām	गृ॒णी॒युः gṛṇīyúḥ	गृ॒णी॒त gṛṇītá	गृ॒णी॒याता॑म् gṛṇīyā́tām	गृ॒णी॒रन् gṛṇīrán
Second	गृ॒णी॒याः gṛṇīyā́ḥ	गृ॒णी॒यात॑म् gṛṇīyā́tam	गृ॒णी॒यात॑ gṛṇīyā́ta	गृ॒णी॒थाः gṛṇīthā́ḥ	गृ॒णी॒याथा॑म् gṛṇīyā́thām	गृ॒णी॒ध्वम् gṛṇīdhvám
First	गृ॒णी॒याम् gṛṇīyā́m	गृ॒णी॒याव॑ gṛṇīyā́va	गृ॒णी॒याम॑ gṛṇīyā́ma	गृ॒णी॒य gṛṇīyá	गृ॒णी॒वहि॑ gṛṇīváhi	गृ॒णी॒महि॑ gṛṇīmáhi
Subjunctive
Third	गृ॒णात् / गृ॒णाति॑ gṛṇā́t / gṛṇā́ti	गृ॒णातः॑ gṛṇā́taḥ	गृ॒णान् gṛṇā́n	गृ॒णाते॑ / गृ॒णातै॑ gṛṇā́te / gṛṇā́tai	गृ॒णैते॑ gṛṇáite	गृ॒णान्त॑ / गृ॒णान्तै॑ gṛṇā́nta / gṛṇā́ntai
Second	गृ॒णाः / गृ॒णासि॑ gṛṇā́ḥ / gṛṇā́si	गृ॒णाथः॑ gṛṇā́thaḥ	गृ॒णाथ॑ gṛṇā́tha	गृ॒णासे॑ / गृ॒णासै॑ gṛṇā́se / gṛṇā́sai	गृ॒णैथे॑ gṛṇáithe	गृ॒णाध्वे॑ / गृ॒णाध्वै॑ gṛṇā́dhve / gṛṇā́dhvai
First	गृ॒णानि॑ / गृ॒णा gṛṇā́ni / gṛṇā́	गृ॒णाव॑ gṛṇā́va	गृ॒णाम॑ gṛṇā́ma	गृ॒णै gṛṇái	गृ॒णाव॑है gṛṇā́vahai	गृ॒णाम॑है gṛṇā́mahai
Participles
	गृ॒णत् gṛṇát			गृ॒णा॒न gṛṇāná
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अगृ॑णात् (ágṛṇāt), अगृ॑णीत (ágṛṇīta)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अगृ॑णात् ágṛṇāt	अगृ॑णीताम् ágṛṇītām	अगृ॑णन् ágṛṇan	अगृ॑णीत ágṛṇīta	अगृ॑णाताम् ágṛṇātām	अगृ॑णत ágṛṇata
Second	अगृ॑णाः ágṛṇāḥ	अगृ॑णीतम् ágṛṇītam	अगृ॑णीत ágṛṇīta	अगृ॑णीथाः ágṛṇīthāḥ	अगृ॑णाथाम् ágṛṇāthām	अगृ॑णीध्वम् ágṛṇīdhvam
First	अगृ॑णाम् ágṛṇām	अगृ॑णीव ágṛṇīva	अगृ॑णीम ágṛṇīma	अगृ॑णि ágṛṇi	अगृ॑णीवहि ágṛṇīvahi	अगृ॑णीमहि ágṛṇīmahi

Synonyms

(call, invoke, announce, proclaim): Synonyms: आचष्टे (ācaṣṭe), वक्ति (vakti), वदति (vadati), रपति (rapati), आख्याति (ākhyāti), भाषते (bhāṣate), ब्रूते (brūte), अभिधत्ते (abhidhatte), गदति (gadati), व्याहरति (vyāharati), जल्पति (jalpati), जरते (jarate), ब्रवीति (bravīti), अभिदधाति (abhidadhāti), व्याहरते (vyāharate), कथयति (kathayati), उदीरयति (udīrayati), कीर्तयति (kīrtayati), आलपति (ālapati), भणति (bhaṇati), वचति (vacati), वाचयति (vācayati), शंसति (śaṃsati)

Related terms

जरते (járate, “to call out, address, invoke, praise”)
गूर्धया (gūrdhayā, “praise!”)
गूर्त (gūrtá)
गूर्ति (gūrtí)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “गॄ 1.”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 363, column 1.