गच्छति

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

gacchati (Latin script)
𑀕𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
গচ্ছতি (Bengali script)
ගච‍්ඡති (Sinhalese script)
ဂစ္ဆတိ or ၷၸ္ꧡတိ or ၷၸ်ꧡတိ (Burmese script)
คจฺฉติ or คัจฉะติ (Thai script)
ᨣᨧ᩠ᨨᨲᩥ (Tai Tham script)
ຄຈ຺ຉຕິ or ຄັຈຉະຕິ or ຄັດສະຕິ (Lao script)
គច្ឆតិ (Khmer script)
𑄉𑄌𑄴𑄍𑄖𑄨 (Chakma script)

Verb

गच्छति (root gam, first conjugation)

Devanagari script form of gacchati
- 2017 July 19, Vinodh Rajan, Ben Mitchell, Martin Jansche, Sascha Brawer, “Proposal to Encode Lao Characters for Pali (revised)”, in Unicode‎^[1] (PDF), page 2:
  बुद्धं सरणं गच्छामि
  buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ ɡacchāmi
  I go to the Buddha as a refuge.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "गच्छति"

	Active		Middle
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Present
1st	गच्छामि (gacchāmi)	गच्छाम (gacchāma)	गच्छे (gacche)	गच्छाम्हे (gacchāmhe)
2nd	गच्छसि (gacchasi)	गच्छथ (gacchatha)	गच्छसे (gacchase)	गच्छव्हे (gacchavhe)
3rd	गच्छति (gacchati)	गच्छन्ति (gacchanti)	गच्छते (gacchate)	गच्छन्ते (gacchante) or गच्छरे (gacchare)
Imperative
1st	गच्छामि (gacchāmi)	गच्छाम (gacchāma)	गच्छे (gacche)	गच्छामसे (gacchāmase)
2nd	गच्छ (gaccha) or गच्छाहि (gacchāhi)	गच्छथ (gacchatha)	गच्छस्सु (gacchassu)	गच्छव्हो (gacchavho)
3rd	गच्छतु (gacchatu)	गच्छन्तु (gacchantu)	गच्छतं (gacchataṃ)	गच्छन्तं (gacchantaṃ)
Optative
1st	गच्छेय्यामि (gaccheyyāmi) or गच्छेय्यं (gaccheyyaṃ) or गच्छे (gacche)	गच्छेय्याम (gaccheyyāma)	गच्छेय्यं (gaccheyyaṃ)	गच्छेय्याम्हे (gaccheyyāmhe)
2nd	गच्छेय्यासि (gaccheyyāsi) or गच्छे (gacche)	गच्छेय्याथ (gaccheyyātha)	गच्छेथो (gacchetho)	गच्छेय्यव्हो (gaccheyyavho)
3rd	गच्छेय्य (gaccheyya) or गच्छे (gacche)	गच्छेय्युं (gaccheyyuṃ)	गच्छेथ (gacchetha)	गच्छेरं (gaccheraṃ)

Present active participle: गच्छन्त् (gacchant), which see for forms and usage
Present middle participle: गच्छमान (gacchamāna), which see for forms and usage
Past participle: गत (gata), which see for forms and usage

Adjective

गच्छति (gacchati)

Devanagari script form of gacchati, which is masculine/neuter locative singular of गच्छन्त् (gacchant), present participle of the verb above

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

গচ্ছতি (Assamese script)
ᬕᬘ᭄ᬙᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
গচ্ছতি (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰓𑰿𑰔𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ဂစ္ဆတိ (Burmese script)
ગચ્છતિ (Gujarati script)
ਗਚ੍ਛਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌗𑌚𑍍𑌛𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦒꦕ꧀ꦖꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂏𑂒𑂹𑂓𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ಗಚ್ಛತಿ (Kannada script)
គច្ឆតិ (Khmer script)
ຄຈ຺ຉຕິ (Lao script)
ഗച്ഛതി (Malayalam script)
ᡤᠠᢜᡮᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘐𑘓𑘿𑘔𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠺᠠᢋᠼᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑦰𑦳𑧠𑦴𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑐔𑑂𑐕𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
ଗଚ୍ଛତି (Odia script)
ꢔꢗ꣄ꢘꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑆖𑇀𑆗𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖓𑖿𑖔𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
ගච‍්ඡති (Sinhalese script)
𑩞𑩡 𑪙𑩢𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚌𑚏𑚶𑚐𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
க³ச்ச²தி (Tamil script)
గచ్ఛతి (Telugu script)
คจฺฉติ (Thai script)
ག་ཙྪ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑒔𑓂𑒕𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨍𑨣𑩇𑨤𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-

Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti

Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥sḱéti

Proto-Indo-Iranian *gasćáti

Sanskrit गच्छति

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gasćáti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥sḱéti, a present tense formation of the root *gʷem-. Cognate with Ancient Greek βᾰ́σκω (bắskō). For different formations, see the etymology of the root. By surface analysis, ग (ga) +‎ -च्छति (-cchati).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐ́t.t͡ɕʰɐ.ti/, [ɡɐ́t̚.t͡ɕʰɐ.ti]
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡɐt̪.t͡ɕʰɐ.t̪i/, [ɡɐt̪̚.t͡ɕʰɐ.t̪i]

Verb

गच्छ॑ति • (gácchati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, present, root गम्)

to go, move, go away, set out, come
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.1.4:
  अग्ने॒ यं य॒ज्ञम॑ध्व॒रं वि॒श्वत॑: परि॒भूरसि॑। स इद्दे॒वेषु॑ गच्छति॥
  ágne yáṃ yajñámadhvaráṃ viśváta: paribhū́rási. sá íddevéṣu gacchati.
  O Agni, the unobstructed sacrifice of which you are on every side the protector, assuredly goes to the devas.
- c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā 6.37:
  अप्राप्य योगसंसिद्धिं कां गतिं कृष्ण गच्छति॥
  aprāpya yogasaṃsiddhiṃ kāṃ gatiṃ kṛṣṇa gacchati.
  If he hasn't attained perfection in yoga, O Krishna, on what path does he go?
to go to or towards, approach
to go or pass (time)
to fall to the share of
to go against with hostile intentions, attack
to decease, die
to approach carnally, have sexual intercourse with
to go to any state or condition, undergo, partake of, participate in, receive, obtain

Conjugation

Present: गच्छ॑ति (gácchati), गच्छ॑ते (gácchate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	गच्छ॑ति gácchati	गच्छ॑तः gácchataḥ	गच्छ॑न्ति gácchanti	गच्छ॑ते gácchate	गच्छे॑ते gácchete	गच्छ॑न्ते gácchante
Second	गच्छ॑सि gácchasi	गच्छ॑थः gácchathaḥ	गच्छ॑थ gácchatha	गच्छ॑से gácchase	गच्छे॑थे gácchethe	गच्छ॑ध्वे gácchadhve
First	गच्छा॑मि gácchāmi	गच्छा॑वः gácchāvaḥ	गच्छा॑मः / गच्छा॑मसि¹ gácchāmaḥ / gácchāmasi¹	गच्छे॑ gácche	गच्छा॑वहे gácchāvahe	गच्छा॑महे gácchāmahe
Imperative
Third	गच्छ॑तु gácchatu	गच्छ॑ताम् gácchatām	गच्छ॑न्तु gácchantu	गच्छ॑ताम् gácchatām	गच्छे॑ताम् gácchetām	गच्छ॑न्ताम् gácchantām
Second	गच्छ॑ gáccha	गच्छ॑तम् gácchatam	गच्छ॑त gácchata	गच्छ॑स्व gácchasva	गच्छे॑थाम् gácchethām	गच्छ॑ध्वम् gácchadhvam
First	गच्छा॑नि gácchāni	गच्छा॑व gácchāva	गच्छा॑म gácchāma	गच्छै॑ gácchai	गच्छा॑वहै gácchāvahai	गच्छा॑महै gácchāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	गच्छे॑त् gácchet	गच्छे॑ताम् gácchetām	गच्छे॑युः gáccheyuḥ	गच्छे॑त gáccheta	गच्छे॑याताम् gáccheyātām	गच्छे॑रन् gáccheran
Second	गच्छेः॑ gáccheḥ	गच्छे॑तम् gácchetam	गच्छे॑त gáccheta	गच्छे॑थाः gácchethāḥ	गच्छे॑याथाम् gáccheyāthām	गच्छे॑ध्वम् gácchedhvam
First	गच्छे॑यम् gáccheyam	गच्छे॑व gáccheva	गच्छे॑म gácchema	गच्छे॑य gáccheya	गच्छे॑वहि gácchevahi	गच्छे॑महि gácchemahi
Subjunctive
Third	गच्छा॑त् / गच्छा॑ति gácchāt / gácchāti	गच्छा॑तः gácchātaḥ	गच्छा॑न् gácchān	गच्छा॑ते / गच्छा॑तै gácchāte / gácchātai	गच्छै॑ते gácchaite	गच्छ॑न्त / गच्छा॑न्तै gácchanta / gácchāntai
Second	गच्छाः॑ / गच्छा॑सि gácchāḥ / gácchāsi	गच्छा॑थः gácchāthaḥ	गच्छा॑थ gácchātha	गच्छा॑से / गच्छा॑सै gácchāse / gácchāsai	गच्छै॑थे gácchaithe	गच्छा॑ध्वै gácchādhvai
First	गच्छा॑नि gácchāni	गच्छा॑व gácchāva	गच्छा॑म gácchāma	गच्छै॑ gácchai	गच्छा॑वहै gácchāvahai	गच्छा॑महै gácchāmahai
Participles
	गच्छ॑त् gácchat			गच्छ॑मान gácchamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अग॑च्छत् (ágacchat), अग॑च्छत (ágacchata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अग॑च्छत् ágacchat	अग॑च्छताम् ágacchatām	अग॑च्छन् ágacchan	अग॑च्छत ágacchata	अग॑च्छेताम् ágacchetām	अग॑च्छन्त ágacchanta
Second	अग॑च्छः ágacchaḥ	अग॑च्छतम् ágacchatam	अग॑च्छत ágacchata	अग॑च्छथाः ágacchathāḥ	अग॑च्छेथाम् ágacchethām	अग॑च्छध्वम् ágacchadhvam
First	अग॑च्छम् ágaccham	अग॑च्छाव ágacchāva	अग॑च्छाम ágacchāma	अग॑च्छे ágacche	अग॑च्छावहि ágacchāvahi	अग॑च्छामहि ágacchāmahi

Derived terms

अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati, “to find, perceive”)
अवगच्छति (avagacchati, “to understand”)
आगच्छति (āgacchati, “to come”)

Related terms

गमति (gámati, “to go”) (Vedic yet regular form from the same root)

Descendants

Pali: gacchati
Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀕𑀙𑁂𑀬𑀁 (gacheyaṃ) (see further for descendants)
Gandhari: 𐨒𐨖𐨡𐨁 (gachadi)
Punjabi: گشنا (gśnā)