آب

See also: اب, أب, ات, آپ, and آت

Arabic

Pronunciation

Rhymes: -aːb

Etymology 1

From Classical Syriac ܐܒ (ʾāḇ), ultimately from Akkadian 𒌚𒉈 (Abum). Cognate with Hebrew אָב (av, “Av, the fifth month of the Hebrew lunisolar calendar”).

Proper noun

آب • (ʔāb) m

(Mashreq, especially Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan, Iraq) August (eighth month of the Gregorian and Julian calendars)
Synonyms: أَغُسْطُس (ʔaḡusṭus), (Morocco) غُشْت (ḡušt), (Algeria, Tunisia) أُوت (ʔūt)

Declension

Declension of noun آب (ʔāb)
singular	basic singular diptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	—	آب ʔāb	—
nominative	—	آبُ ʔābu	—
accusative	—	آبَ ʔāba	—
genitive	—	آبَ ʔāba	—

Descendants

→ Persian: آب (âb, “August”)

Etymology 2

Root
ء و ب (ʔ w b)
4 terms

Verb

آبَ • (ʔāba) I (non-past يَؤُوبُ (yaʔūbu), verbal noun أَوْب (ʔawb) or أَوْبَة (ʔawba) or إِيَاب (ʔiyāb) or مَآب (maʔāb))

to return, to come back
Synonyms: عَادَ (ʕāda), رَجَعَ (rajaʕa)
to repent
Synonym: تَابَ (tāba)
to incur, catch, be left with [with بِ (bi)]

Conjugation

Conjugation of **آبَ** (I, hollow, a ~ u, impersonal passive, verbal nouns *أَوْب*, *أَوْبَة*, *إِيَاب*, *مَآب*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					أَوْب, أَوْبَة, إِيَاب, مَآب ʔawb, ʔawba, ʔiyāb, maʔāb
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					آئِب ʔāʔib
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَؤُوب maʔūb
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	أُبْتُ ʔubtu	أُبْتَ ʔubta	آبَ ʔāba	أُبْتُمَا ʔubtumā	آبَا ʔābā	أُبْنَا ʔubnā	أُبْتُمْ ʔubtum	آبُوا ʔābū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	أُبْتُ ʔubtu	أُبْتِ ʔubti	آبَتْ ʔābat	أُبْتُمَا ʔubtumā	آبَتَا ʔābatā	أُبْنَا ʔubnā	أُبْتُنَّ ʔubtunna	أُبْنَ ʔubna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَؤُوبُ ʔaʔūbu	تَؤُوبُ taʔūbu	يَؤُوبُ yaʔūbu	تَؤُوبَانِ taʔūbāni	يَؤُوبَانِ yaʔūbāni	نَؤُوبُ naʔūbu	تَؤُوبُونَ taʔūbūna	يَؤُوبُونَ yaʔūbūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَؤُوبُ ʔaʔūbu	تَؤُوبِينَ taʔūbīna	تَؤُوبُ taʔūbu	تَؤُوبَانِ taʔūbāni	تَؤُوبَانِ taʔūbāni	نَؤُوبُ naʔūbu	تَؤُبْنَ taʔubna	يَؤُبْنَ yaʔubna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَؤُوبَ ʔaʔūba	تَؤُوبَ taʔūba	يَؤُوبَ yaʔūba	تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā	يَؤُوبَا yaʔūbā	نَؤُوبَ naʔūba	تَؤُوبُوا taʔūbū	يَؤُوبُوا yaʔūbū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَؤُوبَ ʔaʔūba	تَؤُوبِي taʔūbī	تَؤُوبَ taʔūba	تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā	تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā	نَؤُوبَ naʔūba	تَؤُبْنَ taʔubna	يَؤُبْنَ yaʔubna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَؤُبْ ʔaʔub	تَؤُبْ taʔub	يَؤُبْ yaʔub	تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā	يَؤُوبَا yaʔūbā	نَؤُبْ naʔub	تَؤُوبُوا taʔūbū	يَؤُوبُوا yaʔūbū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَؤُبْ ʔaʔub	تَؤُوبِي taʔūbī	تَؤُبْ taʔub	تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā	تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā	نَؤُبْ naʔub	تَؤُبْنَ taʔubna	يَؤُبْنَ yaʔubna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		أُبْ ʔub		أُوبَا ʔūbā			أُوبُوا ʔūbū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		أُوبِي ʔūbī		أُوبَا ʔūbā			أُبْنَ ʔubna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	إِيبَ ʔība	—	—	—	—	—
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُؤَابُ yuʔābu	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُؤَابَ yuʔāba	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُؤَبْ yuʔab	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Etymology 3

Verb

آب (form I)

آبَ (ʔāba) /ʔaː.ba/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of أَبَى (ʔabā)
آبِ (ʔābi) /ʔaː.bi/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of أَبَى (ʔabā)

Chagatai

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (āb).

Noun

آب • (ʾāb /āb/) (uncountable)

water
Synonym: سو (sw /⁠su⁠/)

آب روشن ― ʾāb rwšn /āb-ı rūšän/ ― shiny water

Declension

Declension of آب (āb)

	singular	plural
nominative	آب āb	— —
genitive	آبنینگ ābnıng	— —
definite accusative	آبنی ābnı	— —
dative	آبغە ābġa	— —
ablative	آبدین ābdın	— —
locative	آبدە ābda	— —

possessive forms
first person singular
	singular	plural
nominative	آبیم ābım	— —
genitive	آبیمنینگ ābımnıng	— —
definite accusative	آبیمنی ābımnı	— —
dative	آبیمغە ābımġa	— —
ablative	آبیمدین ābımdın	— —
locative	آبیمدە ābımda	— —
second person singular*
	singular	plural
nominative	آبینگ ābıng	— —
genitive	آبینگنینگ ābıngnıng	— —
definite accusative	آبینگنی ābıngnı	— —
dative	آبینگغە ābıngġa	— —
ablative	آبینگدین ābıngdın	— —
locative	آبینگدە ābıngda	— —
third person singular
	singular	plural
nominative	آبی ābı	— —
genitive	آبینینگ ābınıng	— —
definite accusative	آبینی ābını	— —
dative	آبیغە ābıġa	— —
ablative	آبیدین ābıdın	— —
locative	آبیدە ābıda	— —
first person plural
	singular	plural
nominative	آبیمیز ābımız	— —
genitive	آبیمیزنینگ ābımıznıng	— —
definite accusative	آبیمیزنی ābımıznı	— —
dative	آبیمیزغە ābımızġa	— —
ablative	آبیمیزدین ābımızdın	— —
locative	آبیمیزدە ābımızda	— —
second person plural*
	singular	plural
nominative	آبینگیز ābıngız	— —
nominative	آبینگلار ābınglar	— —
genitive	آبینگیزنینگ ābıngıznıng	— —
genitive	آبینگلارنینگ ābınglarnıng	— —
definite accusative	آبینگیزنی ābıngıznı	— —
definite accusative	آبینگلارنی ābınglarnı	— —
dative	آبینگیزغە ābıngızġa	— —
dative	آبینگلارغە ābınglarġa	— —
ablative	آبینگیزدین ābıngızdın	— —
ablative	آبینگلاردین ābınglardın	— —
locative	آبینگیزدە ābıngızda	— —
locative	آبینگلاردە ābınglarda	— —
third person plural
	singular	plural
nominative	آبلاری ābları	— —
nominative	آبی ābı	— —
genitive	آبلارینینگ āblarınıng	— —
genitive	آبینینگ ābınıng	— —
definite accusative	آبلارینی āblarını	— —
definite accusative	آبینی ābınglarnı	— —
dative	آبلاریغە āblarıġa	— —
dative	آبیغە ābıġa	— —
ablative	آبلاریدین āblarıdın	— —
ablative	آبیدین ābıdın	— —
locative	آبلاریدە āblarıda	— —
locative	آبیدە ābıda	— —
*second person singular forms are informal, for polite second person singular forms use second person plural forms

Derived terms

آب بقا (ʾāb bqā /⁠āb-ı bäqā⁠/, “elixir of life”)
آب جوی (ʾāb jwy /⁠āb jūy⁠/, “one who searches for water”)
آب حیات (ʾāb ḥyāt /⁠āb-ı häyāt⁠/, “elixir of life”)
آب حیوان (ʾāb ḥywān /⁠āb-ı häywān⁠/, “elixir of life”)
آب خور (ʾāb xwr)
آب رنک (ʾāb rnk /⁠āb-ı räng⁠/, “tear”)
آب روی (ʾāb rwy /⁠āb-ı rūy⁠/, “dignity”)
آب و خاک (ʾāb w xāk)
آب و دانه (ʾāb w dānh)
آب و هوا (ʾāb w hwā /⁠āb ū häwā⁠/, “climate”)
آب چشم (ʾāb čšm /⁠āb-ı čäšm⁠/, “tear”)
آبتانه (ʾābtānh)
آبدار (ʾābdār /⁠ābdār⁠/, “fresh, pleasant, shiny”)
آبدست (ʾābdst /⁠ābdäst⁠/, “wudu”)
آبکون (ʾābkwn /⁠ābgūn⁠/, “blue”)
آبکیر (ʾābkyr /⁠ābgīr⁠/, “pool”)
آبکینه (ʾābkynh /⁠ābgīnä⁠/, “bottle, water container”)

Gilaki

Etymology

Cognate with Persian (āb).

Noun

آب (âb)

water

Kashmiri

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (āb).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /aːb/

Noun

آب • (āb) m (Devanagari आब, Sharada 𑆄𑆧𑇀)

(uncountable) water
Synonyms: زَل (zal), پونؠ (pōn')

آب چھُ تُرُن ― āb chu turun ― The water is cold

Usage notes

آب (āb) is not used for water that is meant to be drunk. For water purposed for drinking, ترٛیش (trēś) is used.

Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

References

S. K. Toshakhani; J. Lal Kaul; Mohiuddin Hajni; Prithvi Nath Pushp; Akhtar Mohiuddin (1968-1980), Kashir Dictionary Vol 1‎^[2] (in Kashmiri), volume 1, Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages, page 138

Kermanic

Noun

آب (āb) (Gazi)

water

References

Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (âb).

Noun

آب • (âb) (literary)

water
Synonym: صو

Descendants

Turkish: ab

Persian

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-der.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps

Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš

Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a)

Middle Persian ʾp̄

Persian

From Middle Persian ʾp̄ (āb), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (ap-), from Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš (compare Northern Kurdish av, aw, Baluchi (áp), Northern Luri (aw), Bakhtiari (əw), Pashto اوبه (obë), Avestan 𐬀𐬞 (ap)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps (compare Sanskrit अप् (ap)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“water, body of water”).

Alternative forms

او (ow) (colloquial, dialectal)

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈʔaːb/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäw]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäw]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɒːb̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɔb]

Readings
Classical reading^?	āb
Dari reading^?	āb
Iranian reading^?	âb
Tajik reading^?	ob

(Shiraz) IPA^(key): [ʔow]
Audio (Iran): (file)
Rhymes: -ɑːb

Noun

آب • (āb / âb) (plural آب‌ها (āb-hā / âb-hâ), Tajik spelling об)

water
liquid
juice
Synonym: آب میوه

― āb-i anār / âb-e anâr ― pomegranate juice
river
Synonym: رود
honour, reputation, standing

Derived terms

آب بینی (âb-e bini)
آب میوه (âb-e mive)
آب و هوا (âb-o-havâ)
آبرو (âberu)
آبشار (âbšâr)
آبلیمو (âblimu)
آبکند (âbkand)
آبی (âbi)
آب‌انبار (âb-anbâr)
تشناب (tašnâb)
زیرآبی (zêr-e-âbi)
ضدآب (zedd-e-âb)
پنجاب (panjâb)

Descendants

→ Äynu: ab
→ Bengali: আব (āb)
→ Chagatai: آب (ʾāb /⁠āb⁠/)
→ Gujarati: આબ (āb)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: आब (āb)

Urdu: آب (āb)
→ Kashmiri:
Arabic script: آب (āb)

Devanagari script: आब (āb)

Sharada script: 𑆄𑆧𑇀 (āb)
Lurish:
Northern Luri: ںاۏ (aw)
- Silakhori: ۏ (w)
- Borujerdi: اۏ (ew)
Bakhtiari: ںۏ (əw)

Southern Luri: ۆۏ (ow)
→ Ottoman Turkish: آب (âb)
- Turkish: ab
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਆਬ (āba)

Shahmukhi script: آب (āb)
→ Sindhi:
Arabic script: آبُ (ābu)

Devanagari script: आबु (ābu)

Khudabadi script: 𑊱𑋔𑋣 (ābu)
→ Sylheti: ꠀꠛ (ab)

References

Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 312

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic آب (ʔāb), from Classical Syriac ܐܒ.

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈʔaːb/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔɔːb̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɒːb̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɔb]

Readings
Classical reading^?	āb
Dari reading^?	āb
Iranian reading^?	âb
Tajik reading^?	ob

Noun

آب • (āb / âb) (Tajik spelling об)

(Syriac calendar) August

Sindhi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-der.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps

Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš

Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a)

Middle Persian ʾp̄

Classical Persian (āb)bor.

Sindhi آب

Borrowed from Classical Persian (āb).

Noun

آبُ • (ābu) m (Devanagari आबु)

water
juice

Declension

Declension of *آبُ* (masc u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	آبُ ābu	آبَ āba
oblique	آبَ āba	آبَنِ ābani
vocative	آبَ āba	آبو ābo

Related terms

آبي (ābi)
آب پاشِي (āb-e bini)
آبشار (ābśāru)
آب و هوا (ābu-o havā)

References

Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988), “آب”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic آب (ʔāb), from Classical Syriac ܐܒ (ʾāḇ).

Noun

آب • (ʔāb) m

(formal) August
Synonym: شهر تمانية (šahr tamanye)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (āb).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɑːb/

Noun

آب • (āb) m (Hindi spelling आब)

water
(The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)
liquid
sparkle

Related terms

آب و رنگ
آب و نمک
آب و ہوا (āb o hvā)
آبشار (ābśār)
آبی (ābī)

References

Platts, John T. (1884), “آب”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Gregorian calendar months in South Levantine Arabic · أشهر التقويم الميلادي (ʔašhor it-taqwīm il-mīlādi) (layout · text)
January	February	March	April
شهر واحد (šahr wāḥad), كانون التاني (kānūn it-tāni)	شهر تنين (šahr tnēn), شباط (šbāṭ)	شهر تلاتة (šahr talāte), آذار (ʔāḏār)	شهر أربعة (šahr arbaʕa), نيسان (nīsān)
May	June	July	August
شهر خمسة (šahr ḵamse), أيّار (ʔayyār)	شهر ستّة (šahr sitte), حزيران (ḥazīrān)	شهر سبعة (šahr sabʕa), تمّوز (tammūz)	شهر تمانية (šahr tamanye), آب (ʔāb)
September	October	November	December
شهر تسعة (šahr tisʕa), أيلول (ʔēlūl)	شهر عشرة (šahr ʕašara), تشرين الأوّل (tišrīn il-ʔawwal)	شهر حدعش (šahr ḥdaʕš), تشرين التاني (tišrīn it-tāni)	شهر تنعش (šahr tnaʕš), كانون الأوّل (kānūn il-ʔawwal)

Arabic

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Proper noun

Declension

Descendants

See also

Etymology 2

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 3

Verb

Chagatai

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

Gilaki

Etymology

Noun

Kashmiri

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage notes

Declension

References

Kermanic

Noun

References

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Noun

Descendants

Persian

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

References

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

See also

Further reading

Sindhi

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Related terms

References

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Noun

See also

Urdu

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Related terms

References